A marker-free augmented-reality system projected planned robotic-surgery port locations onto a human phantom. The results show consistent alignment between the digital plan and the physical body model, but the system has not yet been evaluated in patients.
In a study of adults aged 45 and older from 19 countries, researchers found that multiple physical health conditions and loneliness were associated with one another over time in both directions. Social inactivity appeared to statistically mediate part of the association from physical multimorbidity to later loneliness. The observational design cannot establish cause and effect.
A preprint reports measurable patterns for how capabilities emerge and are forgotten during language-model training. The study says emergence depends on several model parts becoming useful together, while forgetting depends on how widely and strongly a capability is stored.
A study of seafood from Brazil’s Sepetiba Bay found that mean arsenic levels in the muscle of four species exceeded regulatory reference values, while another reached the reference value. The results point to species-specific dietary concerns and the need for continued monitoring.
In a randomized, placebo-controlled phase II trial of 250 adults with overweight or obesity in China, the oral GLP-1 receptor agonist VCT220 was associated with greater average weight loss over 16 weeks than placebo. The study also reported changes in HbA1c, fasting insulin, and blood pressure, while gastrointestinal side effects were common but usually mild to moderate. Longer-term effects and safety remain uncertain.
A simulation of contact tracing in Seoul and Busan found that leaving infected people out of the system had a sharper effect on epidemic spread than missing individual contacts. Contact tracing broke down at an estimated omission rate of about 4% in Seoul and 10% in Busan, suggesting that cities may need different completeness targets.
A cocktail of two bacteria-killing viruses reduced Staphylococcus aureus in laboratory tests and in UHT milk. It also fully blocked production of one staphylococcal toxin in an in vitro assay, though the study did not test the approach in commercial dairy production or people.
In laboratory experiments, blocking PHGDH, an enzyme involved in serine metabolism, weakened anaplastic thyroid cancer cells that had become resistant to dabrafenib. The treatment reduced colony formation and growth-related signaling, alone and in combination with dabrafenib.
A solar still fitted with rotating aluminum discs produced 24% more desalinated water than a drum-based still and 310% more than a standard passive still in experiments. Estimated water costs ranged from 8.2 to 10.3 cents per liter, with projected payback periods under seven months.
This human systematic review combined 73 published case reports and case series involving 95 people with biopsy-confirmed cancer spread to the eyelid. Breast cancer was the most frequent original cancer, and about two-thirds of documented preoperative impressions were benign diagnoses. The findings describe reported patterns, but they do not show how often eyelid lesions are metastatic in the general population.
A study of two coral species found that ordinary digital photographs can provide a low-cost proxy for bleaching severity in controlled heat-stress tests. A simple comparison with a white reference patch predicted symbiont density and chlorophyll better than a standard PAM fluorometry measure in the experiment.
A study of 102 developing countries found that greater access to clean cooking fuels was associated with better health and nutrition, with larger gains in urban areas. In scenarios for sub-Saharan Africa, universal urban access could avert up to 377,000 infant deaths and save more than 11 million disability-adjusted life years.
This systematic review examined human studies on gut microbiome changes and peripheral neuropathy. All seven clinical studies reported an association, and six genetic analyses were described as supporting a possible relationship, but the evidence does not prove that gut changes cause nerve problems.
A system that combines camera images with radar data improved 3D object detection over single-sensor systems in tests on the nuScenes dataset. Its results were competitive with other leading methods that combine data from multiple sensors.
Researchers developed a light-based AI navigation architecture and tested part of it with a laser array. Simulations reported an 80% ± 8.3% success rate, while the tested laser activations used an estimated 0.78 nJ of energy and took 191.20 picoseconds under ideal parallel operation.
