Clinical research, public health and biomedicine — summarized conservatively, with evidence levels and limitations.
Articles in this section summarize medical research for general information. They are not medical advice, and every article shows its evidence level and limitations.
Researchers examined opioid prescribing among postoperative patients at one private, multi-specialty practice before and after a two-hour provider meeting. Prescribing measures were lower during the year after the meeting, but the study design cannot show that the intervention alone caused the decline.
Researchers combined results from 49 randomized controlled trials involving 49,054 people with type 2 diabetes to examine whether SGLT2 inhibitors were linked with gastrointestinal neoplasms, meaning tumors or abnormal growths in the digestive system. The analysis found no statistically significant association with gastrointestinal neoplasms overall or with the specific sites studied. However, about half of the trials lasted one year or less, so the analysis provides limited information about long-term risk.
An international Delphi consensus panel developed a proposed definition and assessment framework for discomfort linked to fever in children. The framework describes discomfort as involving behavioral, emotional, and functional signs and groups severity into green, amber, and red categories. It is expert-derived and has not yet been validated in larger or more diverse groups of children.
This continuing-education review describes pediatric feeding disorders in children, especially those under age 5, and explains how primary-care clinicians can recognize and assess them. It summarizes a four-part framework covering medical, nutritional, feeding-skill, and psychosocial factors, along with screening tools and referral guidance. The article is a review of existing guidance, not a new study measuring outcomes in a newly enrolled group of children.
This review examines pancreatic cystic lesions, especially intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), and how imaging may help distinguish them from other cysts. It discusses signs associated with cancer arising from an IPMN and the possibility of a separate pancreatic cancer developing elsewhere in the pancreas. The article is a review, not a new study of a defined group of patients.
A cluster-randomized trial in India studied 1,507 adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Compared with usual care, a nurse-coordinated program supported by mobile health tools was associated with more days alive and out of the hospital and fewer deaths during two years of follow-up.
Researchers reviewed human reports on electroconvulsive therapy for catatonia associated with Down syndrome regression disorder. Across 27 patients from one five-person case series and 14 earlier studies, reported catatonia scores were lower after treatment, but the evidence came from small, uncontrolled reports and shows an association rather than proof of cause.
A narrative review examined the role of radioactive iodine therapy in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer. It reported that the treatment may be most useful for selected patients at intermediate or high risk, particularly when cancer has spread to the lungs and still absorbs iodine, while routine use in lower-risk children has not shown a survival advantage in the reviewed evidence.
This 2026 guideline reviews human-participant research on rehabilitation and recovery after adult stroke. It replaces a 2016 guideline and updates recommendations across areas including medical problems, falls, technology-assisted rehabilitation, caregiver support, work, and driving. The abstract does not report patient outcomes or numerical results.
A systematic review and meta-analysis examined reported eye and neurologic complications after facial dermal filler injections in 81 patients across 16 studies. Among these reported patients, permanent vision loss and brain infarction were observed in substantial proportions, but the analysis does not show how often these complications occur among all filler procedures.
This review examined national hepatitis B and C testing and treatment policies in eight high-burden countries in the WHO European Region. It found that guidelines and decentralized services were common, but access to testing, affordable medicines and treatment in harm-reduction settings remained uneven. The survey describes health-system practices; it did not measure treatment outcomes in individual patients.
This human-health review examined cardiovascular and autonomic outcomes in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). It reports that obvious heart dysfunction usually improved, while some studies found persistent changes on more sensitive tests and symptoms linked with autonomic dysfunction. The importance of these findings for children’s long-term health remains uncertain.
Researchers combined results from seven randomized trials involving 1,334 people with previously untreated peripheral T-cell lymphoma, a rare blood cancer. The analysis found that some regimens produced higher response or disease-control rates than CHOP, but it found no significant differences in overall survival or progression-free survival. Risks of particular blood-related side effects varied among regimens.
A systematic review and meta-analysis examined changes in eye-pressure readings and corneal measurements after small-incision lenticule extraction, or SMILE, a procedure used for nearsightedness and some astigmatism. Across 17 observational studies involving 1,177 eyes, pressure readings were lower after surgery with several measurement devices, but the review cannot establish how much of this reflected a change in true eye pressure rather than measurement effects.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined mRNA-based vaccines targeting high-risk HPV types in animal models. Across 10 studies, the vaccines were associated with stronger HPV-specific immune responses, lower tumor volume, and major reductions in viral load in challenge models. These findings do not show that the vaccines work or are safe in people.
