A bioinspired magnetic catalyst steered oxygen reduction toward either hydrogen peroxide or water, depending on the structure of its magnetic iron oxide component. The single-domain design reached 63.9% hydrogen peroxide selectivity, while the multi-domain design favored the four-electron route to water.
A life-cycle assessment modeled pumped-hydro storage alongside wind, grid and hydropower. Compared with a baseline without storage, the system reduced modeled greenhouse-gas emissions by 81%, while steel and cement production created environmental burdens.
In an exploratory study of eight people, ultra-high-frequency flickering visual stimulation increased sharp-wave ripples in the hippocampus during wakefulness. The result suggests a possible noninvasive way to influence a memory-related brain rhythm, but the study did not test whether memory improved.
The 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake triggered large sediment flows in Toyama Bay, carrying organic-rich material into the deep sea. The following decomposition was associated with lower oxygen and higher nutrient concentrations, while low-oxygen conditions persisted for at least 152 days.
A review of 18 randomized controlled trials found that school-based programs improved knowledge and attitudes about sexual violence, especially consent and awareness. Evidence of behavior change was less consistent, and short follow-up periods limited conclusions about lasting effects.
A study of 407 households in Hamakuya Village, South Africa, found that flooding damaged crops and transport links, disrupting food access. In 2023, 70.3% of households reported some level of food insecurity, while many responded by rationing meals and relying on social networks.
A study of 997 residents in Japan’s Kyushu Region found that perceiving more false flood warnings was linked to a lower likelihood of evacuation. The link was weaker among people who felt positive emotions, such as being pleased or at ease, after false alarms.
Intensive poultry farming has changed how Campylobacter jejuni moves among chickens and wild birds, according to an analysis of 2,747 genomes. The researchers estimate a roughly 100-fold rise in chicken-to-wild-bird transfers since 1900 and found that chicken-adapted strains often carry genes linked to antimicrobial resistance and survival in chickens.
Rainfall-triggered landslides may become more common in part of southern Italy even as climate projections show generally drier soils. Modeling suggests that changes in rainfall intensity and the moisture left by earlier rain could outweigh the drying trend.
In male mice, brief bursts of neuronal activity tracked which sensory cues predicted rewards and changed as those associations changed. Suppressing the bursts disrupted learning and task performance, providing causal evidence that they help drive associative learning.
A two-molecule layered coating helped organic solar cells maintain higher efficiency when scaled into a mini-module. The module reached 17.0% efficiency, compared with 12.2% for a single-molecule control.
A robot completed 91.67% of 240 real-world manipulation trials using an explicit, step-by-step reasoning process. The system did not rely on task-specific demonstrations or manipulation-policy training, but the study does not show how it compares with other systems or performs beyond the designed tests.
Researchers have isolated the first cultivated virus known to infect a chrysophyte, an aquatic protist that can both photosynthesize and consume prey. Its genome contains a proteorhodopsin-like gene, a type of gene not previously reported in a virus, although predictions suggest the protein may not function as a light-driven proton pump.
A review finds that current safety certification rules do not map cleanly onto the behavior of large language models. It argues that safety-critical systems should certify the surrounding control system, keeping the language model in a role whose outputs are independently checked.
Researchers systematically reviewed 23 human clinical reports covering 176 cases of acute organophosphate poisoning in Nigeria. Children accounted for 55.0% of reported cases, accidental ingestion for 60.3%, and the pooled case-fatality rate was 23.9%. Because many included reports were small and descriptive, the findings show patterns in reported cases rather than the risk for all people in Nigeria.
