A national experiment involving about 3,000 people found that taking part in a public exercise on heat-transition policy modestly increased trust in government. Messages focused on environmental, financial or stability concerns did not increase trust and sometimes lowered it.
Researchers identified a wheat allele that improves nitrogen use efficiency and increases grain yield. The finding could give breeders a route to develop wheat varieties that use fertilizer nitrogen more effectively, although the study does not establish how much fertilizer farmers could save.
Researchers used nitrogen and carbon dioxide plasma to modify copper oxide nanostructures on a copper mesh. At −1.2 volts, the catalyst produced carbon-based products including acetic acid, ethanol and propanol, with more than 70% faradaic efficiency for products containing two or more carbon atoms.
Researchers developed a digital twin that automatically uses real-time data to adjust how products are disassembled. In a representative scenario, it reduced modeled lead time by 78% and increased profit by 2% compared with a process without real-time replanning.
Researchers analyzed Japanese health-insurance claims for people aged 75 or younger who had tooth extractions between April 2012 and March 2024. After dental antibiotic guidelines were introduced or updated, use of third-generation cephalosporins fell overall, especially in some hospitals and later in dental clinics; surgical-site infection rates did not change in the analysis. Because this was an observational study, the findings show patterns associated with the guidelines rather than proving that the guidelines alone caused them.
A study of Boston Logan International Airport found that aircraft-related ultrafine particle pollution differed between winter and summer. Including aircraft-specific particle sizes in the analysis improved agreement between computer estimates and measurements from seven monitoring stations.
Researchers developed an iron-based cathode for protonic ceramic fuel cells that reached a peak power density of 2.2 W/cm² at 700 °C. The cell also operated stably for more than 400 hours, according to the study.
Researchers developed a 3D-printed gripper that changes shape at 40.5 °C, close to physiological temperatures. In laboratory tests, it recovered about 94% of its programmed shape and retained about 98% of that recovery after 15 cycles.
Researchers reviewed 110 randomized clinical trials involving 22,608 children and adults who received cefepime or another beta-lactam antibiotic. Across all included trials, cefepime was associated with slightly higher odds of death, although the overall statistical interval included the possibility of no difference.
UFC winners have increasingly been associated with striking actions, especially significant strikes, over the sport’s modern history. Grappling has become less prominent in separating winners from losers, but the findings point to a combined striking-and-grappling skill set rather than a simple shift away from grappling.
Researchers reviewed 77 studies published from 1990 through 2023 to estimate how often neurocysticercosis—a brain infection caused by the larval stage of a tapeworm—occurred among people with epileptic seizures. Across studies with clear definitions and appropriate testing, the estimated proportion was 25.2%, but the studies differed substantially and the result should not be treated as universal.
Researchers tested two ultra-light foams used in elite racing shoes and found that both returned energy with little loss while behaving differently under stretching and sideways forces. An artificial-intelligence-based modeling approach captured these behaviors and could support simulations of running economy and individual injury risk.
Researchers have described Stolephorus lotus, a previously unknown anchovy species from Australia’s Northern Territory. Its identification is based on several physical features that distinguish it from two related species.
Researchers conducted a systematic review of published human studies on paradoxical vocal fold motion linked to confirmed disorders of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, or related systems. Across 11 included studies, 42 patients were identified with both this vocal-fold movement problem and a confirmed neurological disorder. The findings describe reported associations and treatment outcomes; they do not establish how common these causes are or prove that one condition caused another.
An AI-based security system deployed on a core banking platform identified 1,100 incidents during a year of operation, according to a study in Scientific Reports. The bank reported a drop in false alarms from 32% to 2% and in average response time from 45 minutes to five.
