Researchers found that modest in-plane mechanical stress greatly increased superconductivity in lanthanum-barium copper oxide at the 1/8 doping level, where stripe order normally suppresses bulk superconductivity. The material reached zero resistance at 37 kelvin, while the transition began at up to 46 kelvin.
A study used satellite observations and hourly wind data to estimate methane emissions from London, Los Angeles and New York between 2021 and 2023. The satellite-based estimates were higher than existing inventories for all three cities, suggesting satellites could help check urban emissions reports and reduction targets.
Nanosecond-scale simulations of the solid acids CsH2PO4 and CsHSO4 identify a “proton slingshot” mechanism for fast proton conduction. A rotating phosphate or sulfate group first carries a proton, while reorientation of the proton’s bond to oxygen extends its movement and enables longer jumps.
Two studies examined how ethicists and lay participants judged low-stakes traffic situations shown in text, video and immersive simulations. Drivers’ character had the most consistent influence, while the effects of following rules and avoiding collisions depended more on how the situation was presented.
A study of 2,607 South Korean children followed from fourth through ninth grade found three patterns of suicidal thoughts. Higher self-esteem was most strongly linked with the low, stable pattern, while the findings suggest that prevention may need to be tailored to different developmental paths.
A study of two coastal areas in Andhra Pradesh, India, found substantial shoreline erosion from 1990 to 2024. Uppada Village lost an average of 90 metres of shoreline and could face severe degradation within two or three decades if its current erosion rate continues.
A study tested waste rock from Russia’s Kovdor phlogopite deposit as a soil amendment. In laboratory mixtures, it improved some soil properties, supported marigold root growth without visible toxicity and lowered mobile nickel and copper in heavily contaminated Monchegorsk soil.
A systematic review examined research on strategies used to address childhood obesity in Nigeria and the barriers that affect them. Across eight included studies, physical activity and dietary changes were the most commonly reported approaches, but the review found that family, school, economic and cultural conditions can affect implementation.
A roughly 70-year pattern in Earth’s rotation appears in both measurements of the length of the day and estimates of motion in the fluid outer core. In the study’s fitted model, this cycle alone does not indicate sustained near-term shortening of the day that would require a negative leap second.
Women made up more than 60% of people entering academic psychology research, but were more likely than men to stop publishing, especially early in their careers. The difference remained after researchers accounted for publication records, collaborations and institutional context.
Researchers report that instructions hidden in images can redirect a vision-capable AI system to an attacker’s chosen task. In their analysis, GPT-4V followed the altered instructions in 15.8% of attacks.
Researchers have grown epitaxial potassium-niobium oxide films on silicon, addressing a longstanding challenge caused by potassium loss during production. The films showed an electro-optic response at a wavelength used in communications, while simulations suggest strain could increase that response.
Researchers found that slight aluminum substitution improved the performance of sodium iron sulfide, an earth-abundant battery electrode material. Cells using a composition with 5% aluminum delivered about 500 mAh per gram initially and cycled reversibly for more than 70 cycles, while materials with up to 50% aluminum retained sufficient ion movement during charging.
A qualitative study of official documents from seven international and Turkish platforms found that ratings, scores, rankings and incentives form connected systems for managing workers. These systems are linked to visibility, access to jobs, rewards, income opportunities and the risk of losing access to platform work.
This article proposes a framework for classifying and reporting age-based sexual interests according to developmental stages. It is a conceptual review, not a study of patients or a test of whether the framework improves prevention, diagnosis, or treatment. The authors state that the framework still requires empirical evaluation.
