Harvard University

Reducing Inequities in Restraint Use in the Pediatric Emergency Department

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Restraints are used in emergency departments to treat acute agitation and prevent harm but can cause injury. Local data demonstrated racial and ethnic disparities in restraint use. Of non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients, 2.7% were physically restra...

Management of Soft Tissue and Visceral Leiomyosarcomas

Importance Leiomyosarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous malignant mesenchymal neoplasm associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Given recent advances in biologic understanding and the complexity of leiomyosarcoma, a consensus-driven approach is needed to harmonize manag...

Novel mutations of PIKFYVE identified in 322 sporadic cataract patients

BACKGROUND: PIKFYVE, a novel pathogenic gene causing congenital cataract, its association with sporadic cataracts has not been systematically investigated. This study aimed to explore PIKFYVE mutation profiles in major sporadic cataract subtypes. METHODS: We enrolled 322 sporadic...

Development and Validation of the Stress Burden of Electronic Cigarette Smoking Scale (SBECSS) Among Adult Dual Users

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to develop and evaluate the preliminary validity of the Stress Burden of Electronic Cigarette Smoking Scale (SBECSS), a new measure designed to assess the level of stress burden associated with the co-occurring perceptions of electronic cigaret...

Clinical trial barriers in neurostimulation for pediatric drug‐resistant epilepsy

Abstract Objective The NeuroPace responsive neurostimulation (RNS) System effectively treats focal drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) in adults but lacks pediatric regulatory approval. Despite effective off‐label pediatric use, systemic device‐trial challenges have impeded label expan...

Actuation of CRP activating region 3 by formylation modulates the Vibrio cholerae response to oxidative DNA damage

The cyclic AMP receptor protein or CRP is a global regulator of bacterial metabolism. CRP activates transcription of genes required for utilization of alternative carbon sources in response to the second messenger cAMP, which is synthesized in the setting of glucose scarcity. Tra...

Parent–Clinician Communication and End‐of‐Life Preparation in Pediatric Oncology: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed‐Methods Study

PURPOSE: Parental preparedness for their child's end of life (EOL) may lessen perceived suffering and prolonged grief. Although clear communication may support parental preparedness, the specific communication components that influence this process remain poorly understood. This...

Assessing Value of Behavioral Interventions: Designing Cost-Effectiveness Analyses for Food-Is-Medicine Interventions

Food-is-Medicine (FIM) interventions, including medically tailored meals, medically tailored groceries, and produce prescriptions, represent a promising approach to prevent, manage, and treat diet-related diseases. As the evidence base for FIM interventions expands through large-...

Budget Impact Analysis of Gene Therapies for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa

This economic evaluation investigated the budget impact associated with gene therapy treatment of autosomal recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

How to Care for Your AI Companion

Most scholars who argue that users cannot have genuine friendships with their AI companions attempt to show this by arguing that no current AI can be a friend back to its user. Lott and Hasselberger ( 2025 ) argue, instead, that the reason such friendships are not possible is tha...

A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of human inner ear development

Hearing and balance rely on coordinated activity of multiple inner ear cell types, yet the mechanisms governing their development and specification in humans remain unclear. Consequently, this limits our understanding of how disease genes affect cell type formation and function,...

Machine learning–driven spleen imaging and genomics uncover a splenic connection to coronary artery disease

Despite advances in managing traditional risk factors, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of mortality. Circulating hematopoietic cells influence risk for CAD separately from traditional risk factors, but the role of a key regulating organ, the spleen, is unk...

Narcolepsy

This JAMA Insights discusses the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of narcolepsy.

Prenatal exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter and fetal growth outcomes in the United States: Findings from the ECHO Cohort

Background: Increasing exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may pose unique risks to fetal development. We assessed associations between prenatal wildfire PM 2.5 exposure and fetal growth outcomes, including birth weight at term, birth weight for gestational age...

Impulse Control Disorders Are Independent of Parkinson Disease Motor Subtypes

Objective: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are clinically important nonmotor features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Tremor-dominant PD (TD-PD) has been associated with greater cerebello-thalamo-cortical involvement, whereas postural instability/gait difficulty-dominant PD (PIGD-P...

Rebuilding Trust in the Patient-Physician Relationship

This Viewpoint discusses the need to rebuild, enhance, and sustain patient-physician trust and explores various initiatives that are being implemented to address this need.

Predicting the status of 35 sustainable development goal indicators in Indian villages: a semi-supervised machine learning approach for precision public policy

Background National and district-level monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in India obscures substantial inequalities at finer geographic resolutions, such as villages. While villages are central to service delivery and local governance, village-level estimates...

A cytoskeleton-associated Plasmodium protein critical for organelle segregation

The malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, replicates asexually within red blood cells by schizogony, a mode of division in which organelles divide multiple times before a final coordinated cytokinesis event, called segmentation, partitions them into dozens of merozoites. The P...

Measuring the Acute Effects of Concussion on the Sway Medical System Sports+ Test Battery

OBJECTIVE: To document the acute effects of sports-related concussion in student athletes on tests of balance and cognitive functioning, as measured by the Sway Medical System Sports+ test battery, compared with their baseline preinjury test scores. DESIGN: Retrospective observat...

Multimodal protective and susceptibility clusters in paediatric atopic dermatitis: A machine learning-based, data-driven observational study

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that typically develops in early childhood. Differences in AD prevalence and allergy sensitisation patterns have been observed in African populations, including the AmaXhosa population in South Africa, sugge...