Harvard University

Omic risk scores are associated with COPD-related traits across three cohorts

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibits marked heterogeneity in lung function decline, mortality, exacerbations, and other disease-related outcomes. Omic risk scores (ORS) estimate the cumulative contribution of omics, such as the transcriptome, proteome...

A Model Patient

In this narrative medicine essay, a medical student is caught between a before-and-after identity crisis resulting from a dramatic weight loss.

Sex and Self-reported Race: Factors Associated with Anal Mucosal Melanoma and Anal Mucosal Pigmentation?

Anal canal melanoma (ACM) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with an ominous prognosis. However, its associated factors are largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated potential independent associations of sex and self-reported race with ACM and physiological anal canal pigmentatio...

Current and Future Directions for Responsible Quantum Technologies: A ResQT Community Perspective

Abstract Quantum technologies (QT) are advancing rapidly, promising advancements across a wide spectrum of applications but also raising significant ethical, societal, and geopolitical impacts, including dual-use capabilities, varying levels of access, and impending quantum divid...

The paradox of neglecting changes in behavior: How standard epidemic models misestimate both transmissibility and final epidemic size

Abstract During epidemic outbreaks, populations adapt their behavior in response to disease burden, fundamentally altering transmission dynamics. Despite this, most compartmental models assume constant contact rates throughout outbreaks. To quantify biases from this assumption, w...

Prenatal maternal infection promotes maternal microchimeric cells to alter infection risk in male offspring

Summary Vertically transferred maternal cells or maternal microchimeric cells (MMCs) engraft the fetus and persist in offspring for long periods of time. How altered maternal immune states arising from infection affect MMCs and their function in offspring is poorly understood. He...

Adverse health outcomes across the life course in individuals with six rare bone diseases: a 10-year population-based cohort study

Abstract Background Rare bone diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of complex and disabling conditions. Evidence on age-specific hospitalization patterns and in-hospital outcomes across multiple rare bone diseases is limited. Methods Population-based cohort study using nationa...

What we know about executive function research in Africa: A scoping review

The developmental literature has seen an increase in studies on children's executive function (EF) across diverse populations, given its importance for early childhood development and later-life outcomes. However, a small but increasing number of studies have focused on children'...

Sex-specific associations of the plasma-proteome with incident coronary artery disease

AIMS: The etiology of coronary artery Disease (CAD) appears different for men and women, yet insights into underlying sex-specific biological mechanisms are limited. We integrated genomic and proteomic analyses to investigate sex-specific associations of the plasma-proteome with...

Multi-stage single-cell atlas of a chordate non-embryonic development unveils dedifferentiating bud founder cells

Abstract Colonial tunicates are the only chordates capable of forming fully functional bodies from somatic tissues through non-embryonic development, or budding. In Botryllus schlosseri , budding produces new individuals (zooids) from a portion of the peribranchial epithelium of...

Buying Time: T cells and Delayed HIV Rebound After Treatment Interruption

Charles R Crain, Gaurav D Gaiha, Rajesh T Gandhi; Buying Time: T cells and Delayed HIV Rebound After Treatment Interruption, The Journal of Infectious Dise

A Real-World Evaluation of Large Language Model–Generated Hospital Courses in Pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Large language model (LLM)-generated hospital courses are increasingly integrated into electronic health records (EHRs), yet their accuracy and safety in pediatric populations remain poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy, text quality, and perceive...

Reproducibility, Replicability, and Research Quality in Homogeneous Catalysis

Abstract Researchers from all sectors of homogeneous catalysis convened in response to concerns regarding reproducibility in science to analyze the issue and provide recommendations. In addition to an in-person workshop, the group engaged the broader homogeneous catalysis communi...

Comparative Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Blood Glucose Monitoring in Pregnancy With Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis

OBJECTIVE The value of adding continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to blood glucose monitoring (BGM) during pregnancy is unclear. PURPOSE To clarify CGM's role in pregnancy using meta-analysis, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) ratings, harm...

Reference quality of OpenEvidence across five medical specialties

OpenEvidence (OE) is a retrieval-augmented clinical AI tool. We evaluated the references OE returned to 150 standardized prompts across five specialties, analyzing all 4979 citations. No reference was confirmed as fabricated; three abstracts had attribution errors. Most reference...

Immunogenicity and safety of seasonal influenza vaccine co-administered with other vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Seasonal influenza remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, highlighting the need for vaccination strategies that improve coverage and streamline vaccine delivery. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science,...

Elevated translocator protein in skull bone marrow is linked to human chronic pain

The skull bone marrow (SBM) is emerging as a critical hub for neuroimmune signaling, yet its role in chronic pain is unknown. Using integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, here, we show that the levels of 18-kilodalton translocator protein (TSPO), a pu...

Quantum-well metasurface for free-space-accessible enhanced nonlinear polarization

Abstract Nonlinear frequency conversion underpins important technologies such as telecommunications and quantum computation; however, weak nonlinearities and architectures that resist miniaturization currently limit devices’ efficiency and widespread adoption. Here we combine a b...

Program Directors’ Varied Conceptions of Practice Readiness

BACKGROUND: Residency graduates must be "practice ready" by the time they leave training. This study explored how pediatric residency program directors view their role and responsibility in determining practice readiness and examined how characterizations of practice readiness di...

Superlarge-Bore Versus Large-Bore Aspiration Catheters in Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Analysis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Aspiration catheters are an integral component of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Following early series demonstrating increasing procedural efficiency and improved outcomes with use of large-bore (LB) aspiration catheters, ther...