Harvard University

“As soon as it’s trying to be persuasive, my skepticism kicks in”: A qualitative study to co-design vaccine communication strategies with vaccine hesitant adults in Canada

Vaccine hesitancy continues to impede vaccine uptake in Canada. Few interventions directly engage hesitant adults in co-designing communication materials. This study aimed to co-develop and evaluate digital vaccine communication messages with hesitant adults in Canada to improve...

Effect of Sintering Conditions and Acidic Environments on the Wear of 5Y-ZP Zirconia

Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of sintering conditions and acidic environments on the wear of 5 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (5Y-ZP). Methods: Sixty zirconia specimens were divided into two sintering groups (conventional and speed) and three immersio...

The metabokine β-aminoisobutyric acid mediates exercise performance and skeletal muscle adaptation through a PGC1α-BAIBA-PPARδ axis

Abstract Exercise orchestrates an interorgan communication network, in which skeletal muscle releases signaling molecules known as myokines that contribute to exercise training-induced adaptations. We identified the muscle-derived metabolite beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) as a...

Early improvement in depressive symptoms after pallidothalamic tract deep brain stimulation for drug-induced dystonia

Stimulation for lithium-induced dystoniaLong-term exposure to psychotropic agents, including lithium and dopamine D2/D3 partial agonists such as brexpiprazole, has been associated with delayed and sometimes persistent

Maximum Likelihood Thresholds of Generic Linear Concentration Models

Abstract. The maximum likelihood threshold of a statistical model is the minimum number of datapoints required to fit the model via maximum likelihood estimation. In this paper, we determine the maximum likelihood thresholds of generic linear concentration models. This turns out...

Importance of Global Health Opportunities in Residency Selection Among Otolaryngology Applicants

ABSTRACT Introduction Global health has become an increasing priority in medical training. In this cross‐sectional study, we seek to evaluate the importance of a residency program's global health opportunities on otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery (OHNS) applicants' residency s...

An explainable biomedical foundation model via large-scale concept-enhanced vision–language pretraining

Artificial intelligence for medical imaging is required to be accurate and interpretable to clinicians. However, current multimodal biomedical foundation models often prioritize performance over explainability. Here we present ConceptCLIP, an explainable biomedical foundation mod...

Host DNA repair factors empower a mechanism of antiviral nucleoside analog resistance

ABSTRACT How host functions affect resistance to antiviral drugs is poorly understood. Ganciclovir, a chain-terminating nucleoside analog, is a first-line therapy against human cytomegalovirus, a widespread herpesvirus that causes life-threatening disease in immunocompromised ind...

A Brief Review of Spin Signatures in Time-Averaged Total Intensity Images of LLAGN Accretion Flows

As images of the supermassive black holes Messier 87* (M87*) and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) grow in number, we gain a better understanding of the typical conditions of the near-horizon region of these objects, and slowly approach a converged ti...

Development of a PEGylated parylene nanopocket membrane for the capture and release of lipid vesicles

Membranes are commonly used for the separation and purification of a variety of biological species. In this study, we developed a nanopocket membrane that can capture nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles in tangential flow filtration by pulling the species of interest into a...

The Impact of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on Tuberculosis Infection and Disease Progression.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) causes major morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) protects against progression to TB disease, but its effect on preventing new TB infection remains uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort...

Following the rules: which type 1 diabetes guidelines, protocols and recommendations are tertiary clinics in Australia following? A quantitative study

OBJECTIVES: This study characterises the use of type 1 diabetes (T1D) guidelines and protocols in Australian T1D clinics working with paediatric patients, and determines if management practices align with T1D-specific guidelines. METHODS: T1D clinic service leaders responded to a...

Variation in In-Hospital Emergency Transfer Rates Across Pediatric Hospitals

BACKGROUND: Clinical deterioration with late escalation, termed emergency transfer (ET), is a key safety metric. However, national benchmarking is limited by variable definitions. We sought to estimate pooled ET rates and assess variation across pediatric hospitals. METHODS: We p...

Superconductivity from doping symmetric mass generation insulators: application to La3Ni2O7 under pressure

Abstract We investigate the bilayer nickelates as a platform to realize the symmetric mass generation (SMG) insulator, a featureless Mott insulator that arises due to the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomaly cancellation in bilayer spin-1/2 lattice systems. Through a single-orbital...

Short mode-locked pulses from planarized Y-coupled THz lasers

Short THz pulses are highly attractive both for fundamental research and practical applications in this underdeveloped region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Typically, THz pulses are generated using nonlinear optical methods, starting from a high-power visible or near-IR mode-l...

Decoding the causes of ischemic stroke despite ongoing oral anticoagulation and their clinical impact: the ASPERA-R study

BACKGROUND: Oral anticoagulants (OACs), including vitamin K antagonists and direct OACs, reduce stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF), yet breakthrough ischemic stroke still occurs in 1-2% of patients annually despite adequate therapy. The mechanisms underlying these events rem...

Perspectives on Meditation-based Preparation for Psychedelic Experiences: Insights from Practitioners with Combined Meditation and Psychedelic Experience

Abstract Objectives Emerging research suggests that meditation may support more beneficial psychedelic experiences while reducing the likelihood of lasting negative effects, yet its specific preparatory benefits remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the perceived...

Opening editorial for the BMC Anesthesiology collection: recent advances in anesthesia for congenital cardiac diseases

Congenital cardiac anesthesia has evolved substantially over recent decades, contributing to improving outcomes and survival for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). BMC Anesthesiology has initiated a new Collection, Recent Advances in Anesthesia for Congenital Cardiac D...

A communication and messaging framework to increase public awareness of ultra-processed foods in Australia

Abstract Background Evidence of the health, environmental, and broader societal impacts of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is rapidly accumulating, yet public awareness remains limited. This study aimed to develop a communication and messaging framework to increase public awareness...

The extreme diversity of retinal amacrine cells has deep evolutionary roots

Amacrine cells (ACs) comprise a heterogeneous class of inhibitory neurons in the vertebrate retina, exhibiting morphological and functional complexity rivaling that of cortical interneurons. Here, we integrate single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic atlases from 24 vertebra...