Harvard University

Motivating the next generation for primary care in rural Vietnam: insights from medical students and the 585 Policy

Abstract Background Primary health care (PHC) plays a central role in promoting equitable access to health services in Vietnam. However, workforce shortages and unequal distribution of physicians, particularly in remote and disadvantaged areas, remain major challenges. To address...

Prenatal stress and gestational epigenetic age: no evidence of associations based on a large prospective multi-cohort study

Psychological stress during pregnancy is known to have a range of long-lasting negative consequences on the development and health of offspring. Here, we tested whether a measure of prenatal early-life stress was associated with a biomarker of physiological development at birth,...

A 6-Year-Old With Becker Muscular Dystrophy and Catatonia

Catatonia is often underrecognized and underdiagnosed, particularly in young children. Catatonia occurs secondary to a medical and/or psychiatric etiology. The diagnosis can be supported by validated rating scales, including the Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scale and/or response to...

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunoassay for Molecular Subphenotype Classification in Pediatric Acute Cardiorespiratory Failure

OBJECTIVES: Molecular subphenotypes, identified through latent class analysis (LCA) of biomarker profiles, have the potential to guide targeted therapeutics in critical care. We have previously published that intensive insulin management has subphenotype-specific beneficial effec...

Integration of proteomic aging clocks in a phase 2a clinical trial supports simultaneous geroprotective assessment

Abstract Drugs for aging-related diseases may modulate aging itself, but standard clinical trial designs cannot detect such effects. Aging clocks could close this gap, but epigenetic models often yield inconsistent, hard-to-interpret results. In contrast, proteomic clocks, by tra...

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling in maturing osteoblasts controls cell-matrix interactions critical for osteocyte survival

Abstract The terminal differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes, the most abundant cell type in cortical bone, is critical for skeletal homeostasis. Osteocyte loss is a hallmark of bone aging and fragility, yet the mechanisms regulating osteocyte formation and survival are p...

Diabetes and Driving: How Predictive Technologies Will Alter Ethical and Legal Responsibilities

In 2023, a 67-year-old man with long-standing type 1 diabetes experienced a severe hypoglycemic episode and drove into an outdoor dining area in Victoria, Australia, killing 5 people and injuring several others. Although the charges against the driver were dismissed, future cases...

Enhancing Evidence Generation by Linking Randomized Clinical Trials to Real‐World Data: The INVESTED‐Medicare Linkage Study

Real‐world evidence (RWE) derived from real‐world data (RWD) can complement randomized controlled trials (RCTs), yet the validity of RWD relative to RCT data remains insufficiently characterized. We obtained post hoc consent and linked individual participant data from the US‐base...

Comparative evaluation of statistical learning methods for polygenic prediction in UK Biobank

Polygenic risk scores (PRS), which are calculated from genetic variants, provide a measure of an individual’s genetic predisposition to disease. They are widely used to predict disease risk, identify at-risk populations, and advance personalized medicine. However, PRS performance...

Variability in the Preoperative Rheumatoid Arthritis Medication Management in Hand Surgery

Purpose Preoperative management of biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) undergoing hand surgery is a subject of ongoing debate. While consensus supports continuation of corticosteroids and conventional synthetic DMA...

Artificial intelligence for Amazonian health: validation is the price of entry

At the AI as Catalyst meeting in Manaus (July 28–29, 2026; https://ia-como-catalisadora-manaus.netlify.app), participants ran a simple exercise. Working in teams, they wrote about ten clinical cases and put each one to widely used general-purpose chatbots twice: first in standard...

Neoadjuvant PD1 plus CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade in surgically resectable recurrent glioblastoma: a randomized surgical window-of-opportunity trial

Abstract We conducted a randomized surgical window-of-opportunity trial ( NCT04606316 ) in recurrent, resectable glioblastoma. Between 2021 and 2024, 71 patients were screened, and 63 were randomized (intention-to-treat [ITT] population), and 58 received study treatment. Patients...

The YTHDF proteins modulate Alzheimer’s disease-associated brain gene signatures

Abstract Gene signatures of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains reflect the output of a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, epi-transcriptomic, and post-transcriptional regulations. To nominate candidate factors modulating these signatures, we developed a machine learning model...

Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Advanced CKD Not Requiring Dialysis

Importance The net benefit of oral anticoagulants (OACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) not receiving dialysis remains uncertain. Objective To compare the estimated effectiveness and safety of apixaban compared with warfarin an...

Patient characteristics and outcomes of colorectal cancer at a cancer hospital in Rwanda: results from a retrospective cohort

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant contributor to cancer mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, yet it remains understudied. This study describes care gaps and survival outcomes of CRC in Rwanda. This was a retrospective observational cohort study. We included patients treated at...

Modelling wetland methane emission estimates by leveraging new observations of anthropogenic point-source plumes

Abstract. Satellite retrieval capabilities for detecting methane (CH4) diffuse and point sources have increased drastically over the last decade. These observations are playing an important role in atmospheric inversion systems to optimize emissions from anthropogenic and natural...

NLTS Hamiltonians from Good Quantum Codes

Abstract. The no low-energy trivial state (NLTS) conjecture of Freedman and Hastings [ Quantum Inf. Comput., 14 (2014), pp. 144–180] posits that there exist families of Hamiltonians with all low energy states of nontrivial complexity (with complexity measured by the quantum circu...

Restoration of glucocorticoid receptor expression by sterol-enriched Sargassum horneri attenuates particulate matter-induced epithelial stress and surfactant transcriptional alterations in alveolar type II epithelial cells

Ambient particulate matter (PM) disrupts alveolar epithelial integrity by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. While Sargassum horneri has been reported to protect against PM-associated airway injury, whether its sterol-enriched fraction contributes to glucocorti...

Nuclear Localization Signals Enable the Cellular Delivery of an Anti-CRISPR Protein to Control Genome Editing

ABSTRACT Precise regulation of Cas9 activity is essential to minimize off-target effects, mosaicism, chromosomal alterations, immunogenicity, and genotoxicity in genome editing. Although type II anti-CRISPR proteins (Acrs) can inhibit and regulate Cas9, their size and anionic cha...

Doubly Robust Methods for Recurrent Event Outcomes: Causal Effects of Blood Pressure Medications on Acute Kidney Injuries

Abstract Evaluating the average causal effects of treatment strategies on recurrent event outcomes, such as heart attacks or renal failure, is important in clinical and medical research. However, the analysis becomes increasingly complex as multiple interacting factors are consid...