University of Toronto

Machine learning for early prediction of preterm birth

Abstract Background Preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery before 37 completed weeks of gestation, remains a major cause of neonatal mortality and long-term morbidity worldwide. Conventional risk assessment strategies, including cervical length measurement and biomarker-based s...

The Association Between Intranasal Steroids and Length of Stay in Children With Orbital Infections

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the use of intranasal agents in the management of orbital infections in children. This study aims to describe intranasal corticosteroid use in children hospitalized with orbital infections and to determine whether an association exists between int...

Gold‐Stabilized Copper Enables Anodic Hydrogen Evolution for Ultralow‐Voltage CO‐to‐Ethylene Electrolysis

ABSTRACT Electrochemical upgrading from CO 2 and CO to ethylene has typically been coupled with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whose high standard reduction potential leads to full‐cell voltages above 2.2 V at 200 mA/cm 2 . Here we explored an alternative anodic reaction, w...

A decision-tree for trend analyses following major survey redesigns: an analysis using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)

Abstract Background Monitoring health inequality trends is essential for assessing progress, stagnation, or regression on the reduction of health inequalities; assessing the impact of certain policies on health inequalities; and identifying emerging areas of concern. Because ineq...

Discovery andCharacterization of RP04340 : A Highly Potent and OrallyActive Pan-KRAS PROTAC Degrader

Abstract Targeting diverse KRAS mutations with a single agent remains a significant challenge in oncology. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of RP04340, a potent and orally bioavailable pan-KRAS PROTAC degrader. Starting with a structure-based pan-KRAS inhibitor...

Institutional Outcomes of Immediate vs Delayed or No Clean Intermittent Catheterization in Infant Neurogenic Bladder

BACKGROUND: Timing of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in infants with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) remains uncertain. We compared 12-month infectious and renal-bladder ultrasound (RBUS) outcomes in infants started on CIC within 30 days of life versu...

Patient-physician sex concordance and real-world disparities in cancer treatment practices and outcomes in medical oncology

The impact of sex inequities in healthcare may be magnified in medical oncology, where patients and physicians often navigate life-limiting illnesses and intensive treatments. We examined the associations among patient-physician sex concordance, treatment practices, and cancer ou...

Sowing the Seeds of Sovereignty: A One Health Case Study of Food, Relationships, and Resilience in Somalia

Abstract In Somalia, food insecurity has been shaped by recurrent droughts and climate change, violent conflict, and political instability. For over 35 years, these drivers have undermined local food system autonomy, disrupted economic sovereignty, and entrenched dependence on in...

Association Between Dextromethorphan/Bupropion with Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperglycemia: Reports to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

IntroductionDextromethorphan/bupropion (DXM/BUP) is the first orally administered antidepressant approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) that combines dextromethorphan (i.e., a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and sigma...

Papillary Fibroelastoma Causing Large-Vessel Ischemic Stroke in a Young Patient: Histopathologically Confirmed Tumor Embolism Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy

Papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) is a benign cardiac tumor that, despite having significant embolic potential, is typically an uncommon cause of large-vessel ischemic stroke. We report a 19-year-old female who presented with acute aphasia and right hemiplegia due to a left middle ce...

Linking Magmatism and Gold Mineralization at the Fenelon Gold Deposit, Northern Abitibi, Canada: Insights from Pyrite Chemistry, U-Pb and Re-Os Geochronology

Abstract The Fenelon gold deposit, located in the underexplored northern region of the Abitibi greenstone belt, hosts an estimated 4.09 Moz at 3.20 g/t Au and is spatially associated with the 2697 ± 0.96 Ma Jeremie diorite (isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry [I...

Failed metabolic adaptation to stress contributes to epidermal cell adhesion defects in Darier disease

Congenital pathogenic gene variants may not elicit symptoms until later in life, highlighting the importance of identifying extra-genetic factors influencing the onset and severity of heritable diseases. We explored this in Darier disease (DD or ATP2A2 -nEDD), an autosomal domina...

A cross-national study examining social determinant factors on short sleep between the U.S. and Canada

Sleep is essential for optimal health as short sleep is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and early mortality. One-third of adults in the U.S. and Canada do not receive sufficient sleep. Canadian adults are typically healthier than U.S. adults and inequities in sl...

Prevalence and Characteristics of Long-Stay Forensic Patients With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Ontario Population-Based Study: Prévalence et caractéristiques des patients hospitalisés pour de longs séjours dans un service médico-légal et présentant des déficiences intellectuelles et développementales : Une étude fondée sur la population de l’Ontario

Objectives This study examined the point prevalence of patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in Ontario forensic inpatient units and compared the demographic, clinical, and system-level profiles of long-stay forensic patients with and without IDD. Metho...

Passive sampling reveals composition of airborne bacteria and fungi across five East African cities

Airborne microbes significantly influence environmental processes and human exposure, yet they remain poorly characterized in Africa. This study presents a regional survey of airborne bacterial and fungal communities across 10 sites in five East African countries: Burundi, the De...

Seasonal variation of liver and muscle mercury across two populations of a freshwater sport fish

Abstract Objective North-temperate fishes fluctuate in their energy status, metabolic rate, and behavior in response to seasonal changes in temperature and light, which could influence tissue concentrations of biomagnifying contaminants like mercury (Hg). Yet, repeated sampling w...

The association between pain and health status during prosthetic adaptation after lower limb loss—A retrospective chart review

Background: Postamputation pain (PAP) is common and can disrupt the rehabilitation process. Obective: The current study’s purpose was to examine the associations among early PAP, general and perceived health, during adaptation to prosthetic use through analysis of existing clinic...

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and emotional responding in borderline personality disorder: a randomized single-blind, sham-controlled study

BACKGROUND: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by severe emotional vulnerability, including heightened sensitivity, exaggerated reactivity, and delayed recovery from emotional arousal. Altered interoceptive-affective processing may contribute to these features...

Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Pitolisant for Residual Sleepiness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treated with CPAP: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

There is growing evidence on the use of pitolisant for the treatment of residual excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomiz...

Coverage and factors associated with receipt of early newborn postnatal care components in Afghanistan: findings from the 2022–2023 multiple indicator cluster survey

BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality remains high in low‑ and middle‑income countries, where early postnatal care (PNC) within 48 hours can avert many deaths. Yet neither the national coverage of newborn PNC nor the factors associated with its receipt have been assessed. OBJECTIVES: We...