Harvard University

Associations between metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease and physical and mental health–related quality of life in older adults

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common, often overlooked liver condition. Its impact on quality-of-life in older adults is not well understood. We examined the association between MASLD and physical and mental quality of life in a well-charac...

Common Food Emulsifiers Impair Epithelial Barrier Integrity and Trigger Pro‐Inflammatory Responses and IgE Production

The global rise in allergic and autoimmune diseases since the 1960s has been associated with environmental disruptions of epithelial barriers, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Among the implicated factors are food emulsifiers, which have become increasingly prevalent i...

Allele-specific chromatin architecture shapes imprinted domains and coordinates a distal enhancer and antisense transcription at the mouse Mest-Copg2 domain

Genomic imprinting results in parent-of-origin-dependent gene expression, but how three-dimensional genome organization contributes to imprinted gene regulation remains unclear. Using Capture Hi-C in mouse cortex and primary cortical neurons, we identified parental allele-specifi...

Osteochondral Autograft Options for Reconstruction of Intra-articular Distal Humerus and Proximal Ulna Injuries in Physiologically Young Patients

Purpose Surgical options are limited for distal humerus and proximal ulna injuries with articular bone loss in physiologically young patients. Osteochondral grafts are a potential treatment option between open reduction internal fixation and arthroplasty that does not impart life...

Right hippocampal volume and attenuated psychotic symptoms distinguish subgroups of youth with common patterns of temporoparietal effective connectivity

Abstract Associations between patterns of brain connectivity and brain structural features have transdiagnostic relevance to psychopathology. There is considerable evidence for disruptions to the hippocampus and temporoparietal brain systems in psychotic disorders. The present st...

Conservation of Long G4-rich (LG4) genomic enhancer regulations

Long G4-rich regions (LG4s) are defined as DNA sequences containing a high density of guanine triplets capable of forming non-B DNA structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s). These regions frequently overlap with enhancers, which are regulatory DNA elements that modulate gene expres...

Dismantling structural inequities in global prevention of childhood and adolescent non-communicable diseases

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for a growing proportion of morbidity and disability among children and adolescents worldwide. Contemporary NCD preventive strategies are predominantly adult-centric, resulting in delayed prevention and widening inequities, particularly in...

Enabling Functional Independence: A Scoping Review of Upper Extremity Assistive Devices for Adults With Progressive Neuromuscular Diseases

BACKGROUND: Assistive technology offers an important means of compensating for lost upper extremity function in adults with progressive neuromuscular diseases (NMD), enabling participation in daily activities, supporting independence, and promoting quality of life. However, the r...

Children With Complex Chronic Conditions in the Child Protective Services

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the prevalence and outcomes for children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) in the Child Protective Services (CPS) system. We aimed to determine the prevalence and associations of CCC designation across CPS outcomes and years among a group of...

Bacillus subtilis YpeB holds SleB inactive, preventing cortex peptidoglycan degradation during spore dormancy

ABSTRACT Bacterial endospores are encased in a thick layer of specialized peptidoglycan called the cortex that is essential for core dehydration and heat resistance. Spore germination and outgrowth require cortex degradation by enzymes that are deposited in the spore during sporu...

Evaluation of the Relative Citation Ratio Versus the H-Index as Measures of Citation-Based Scholarly Influence in Academic Neurosurgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluating citation-based scholarly influence among academic faculty is foundational to academic medicine, as retention, promotion, and tenure to govern career advancement at every level. The h-index has been the standard metric across fields, including...

Analysis of serum NMR metabolomics in fibrotic diseases of the myocardium

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure accounts for more than 43% of annual deaths worldwide, and isdriven by widespread pathological remodeling, in which myocardial fibrosis plays an important role. Currently, accurate clinical diagnosis of myocardialfibrosis (MF) remains difficult, with e...

Spatiotemporal-switchable 2D NIR-II single-atom nanozyme for single-cell–level surgical navigation and glioblastoma phototherapy

Single-cell–level resolution tumor therapy represents an advanced strategy against glioblastoma but lacks suitable theranostic agents. Here, we developed a spatiotemporal-switchable, two-dimensional (2D), bismuthene-based second near-infrared window (NIR-II) nanozyme. In this pla...

Fecal microbiome transplant in food allergy in humans and mice identifies a role for bile acid metabolites in oral tolerance

The gut microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of food allergy (FA), prompting microbiome-focused interventions. We evaluated, in a phase 1 open-label trial (NCT02960074), the safety and efficacy of oral encapsulated fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) in 15 adults...

RTF2 and CLASPIN localize CHK1 to the replication fork to control S-phase progression

The essential kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) monitors the replicative (S) phase of the cell cycle to ensure faithful propagation of genetic material. While much is known about the mechanisms governing ATR activity at replication forks, how its effector checkp...

Tirzepatide and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events: population based cohort study

Abstract Objective To estimate the magnitude of reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) that would be observed in clinical practice from adding tirzepatide to standard of care treatment. Design Population based cohort study, using a design, data, and analytical ap...

Novel Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Translational Prospects from Seronegative Breakthrough to Precision Diagnosis and Treatment

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic, erosive synovitis. While significant progress and breakthroughs have been made in disease diagnosis through basic research and clinical practice, approximately 30%–40% of seronegative RA patients still e...

A compendium of next-generation patient-derived models for diverse cancers

Abstract The development of new therapeutics and the validation of pathogenetic cancer mechanisms require representative laboratory models 1,2 . However, existing collections represent only a fraction of the diversity observed in human cancer 2–4 . Recent technologies have enable...

Hyperpolarized [2– 13 C]Pyruvate Identifies a Mitochondria‐Active Hepatocellular Carcinoma Phenotype With Vulnerability to Mitochondrial Inhibition

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits metabolic heterogeneity that is not fully characterized by glycolysis‐focused spectroscopic profiling. This study investigated whether in vitro hyperpolarized (HP) [2‐ 13 C]pyruvate NMR spectroscopy can identify a mitochondria‐acti...

A dependency map enhanced with next-generation 3D cancer models

Despite advances in precision oncology, effective personalized treatments are still lacking for most patients with cancer1. The Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) accelerates this field by systematically identifying cancer vulnerabilities in diverse preclinical models. Data from over...