Yale University

Rust’s Type Checker Implementation Is Unsound: An Empirical Study on Soundness Bugs in rustc

Rust is claimed to be a type-sound language capable of preventing various undesirable behaviors, including memory bugs. However, rustc, the official Rust compiler, is not immune to defects; it contains soundness bugs, where the compiler accepts programs that should be rejected du...

A forward genetics platform for papillomavirus research

The inability to perform forward genetics has been a major barrier to human papillomavirus (HPV) research. Here, we report a platform for phenotypic selection of HPV mutants. Our method relies on large “concordant” virus libraries, where each mutant virus particle encapsidates th...

Earinter: A Closed-Loop System for Eating Pace Regulation with Just-in-Time Intervention Using Commodity Earbuds

Rapid eating is common yet difficult to regulate in situ, partly because people seldom notice pace changes and sustained self-monitoring is effortful. We present Earinter, a commodity-earbud-based closed-loop system that integrates in-the-wild sensing, real-time reasoning, and th...

Transcription pause and elongation regulators mediate somatic hypermutation

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) creates point mutations in the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes in activated B cells to support antibody affinity maturation1. SHM is initiated by activation-induced deaminase (AID), and the single-stranded DNA substrate of this cytosine deamin...

“Gender-based violence is the last thing they will think about”: a qualitative study on multilevel factors affecting gender-based violence screening and response in HIV care, Uganda, 2023

Uganda’s Ministry of Health (MOH) adopted the World Health Organization’s guidelines to incorporate routine gender-based violence (GBV) screening, counseling, and referrals in health care settings, including HIV care; however, considerable implementation barriers exist. This stud...

Derivative-Informed Graph Convolutional Autoencoder with Phase Classification for the Lifshitz-Petrich Model

The Lifshitz-Petrich (LP) model is a classical model for describing complex spatial patterns such as quasicrystals and multiphase structures. Solving and classifying the solutions of the LP model is challenging due to the presence of high-order gradient terms and the long-range o...

Sex Differences in Aggressive Traits and Superior Temporal Cortical Responses to Monetary Loss

Background: Individuals vary in aggression traits. Here, we investigated how individual aggression is associated with altered reward and punishment processing in the brain and the neural bases of sex differences. Methods: Aggression was assessed by the Achenbach Adult Self-Report...

Persisting perceptual abnormalities in psychedelic users are associated with conditioned hallucinations and impaired sensory processing

Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics (SP) are increasingly used in clinical research and naturalistic settings, but their psychotic-like side effects, including persisting perceptual abnormalities (PPAs), are poorly understood. Psychosis-associated hallucinations are associated wit...

Psychometric Refinement of the Interpretation Inflexibility Task: Assessing Validity and Reliability of Two Short Forms

Interpretation inflexibility, which measures difficulty revising one’s initial interpretation of an ambiguous scenario, has been linked to increased negative affective outcomes. The Interpretation Inflexibility Task (IIT) is a useful tool in measuring inflexibility; however, it f...

Comprehensive Psychometric Evaluation of the Child/Adult and Family Quality of Life Scale : Third Edition

PURPOSE: Quality of life (QoL) has become a key concept for understanding the impact of neurodevelopmental conditions and for monitoring intervention progress. Existing QoL measures often focus on health-related QoL in neurotypical populations or were developed specifically for a...

Deep Transformation Model

The increasing data complexity leads to the demand for more general and flexible modeling approaches. We consider a nonparametric transformation model with weak assumptions, which encompasses many popular models as special cases. A rank-based deep neural network (DNN) estimation...

Structural basis of stepwise G protein activation by the viral chemokine receptor US28

Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) govern diverse cellular responses and are crucial drug targets. However, the sequence of structural events from G protein recognition to GDP release has remained elusive. Here, we leveraged the viral chemokine GPCR US28 to capture mult...

Evaluation of an image-derived input function and population-based metabolite correction for quantification of synaptic density with [18F]SynVesT-1 and PET in male and female rats

Positron emission tomography (PET) quantification of radiotracers targeting synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), such as [ 18 F]SynVesT-1, requires arterial blood sampling and metabolite analysis to derive an arterial input function (AIF). However, arterial blood sampling is...

Brain Penetrant Calcium Channel Blockers Were Not Associated With Reduced Alcohol Consumption: Converging Results From Two Large Independent Cohort Studies Using Electronic Health Records

ABSTRACT Purpose Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a major public health problem, with few effective treatments. L‐type calcium channel blockers (LTCCBs) have genetic and preclinical support as potential treatments for AUD. Methods We evaluated whether brain penetrant (BP)‐LTCCB...

Self-interacting dark matter promotes bar formation in disk galaxies

Abstract Despite its remarkable success on large scales, the standard ΛCDM paradigm faces persistent small-scale challenges that have motivated alternative models for the dark sector. Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) offers a compelling possibility, in which dark matter partic...

Thank You, Now What? How Donors Respond to Calls to Action

We study whether thank-you communications charities send to past donors should include a call to action (CTA), a direct request to give again, and show that the answer depends on whether the donor has already given in the current giving cycle. Although CTAs can clarify desired be...

Integrating Nonpharmacological Options Into Perioperative Pain Care

Importance Postoperative pain is commonly treated with opioids, which may contribute to unnecessary opioid-related harms. Scalable approaches to integrate recommended nonpharmacologic pain care could reduce opioid exposure while improving or at least preserving functional recover...

Primary healthcare system readiness for the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases in Nepal

In 2016, Nepal adopted the World Health Organization’s Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease Interventions (PEN) to address the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study evaluated the primary healthcare system’s readiness to prevent and manage major NC...

Disability Representation in Social and Personality Psychology Research: A State-of-the-Art Review

We conducted a systematic state-of-the-art review examining disability representation of three flagship social and personality psychology journals between 2017 and 2022. First, we examined the 2,343 articles published in that time frame and found that 192 (8.19%) of them used at...

A Digital Twin Framework for Per-Fraction Prediction of Normal Tissue Toxicity in Radiotherapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background/Objectives: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), often delivered in 3–5 fractions, is a highly effective treatment strategy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in medically inoperable patients. Biology-guided radiotherapy (BGRT), a PET-guided SBRT...