University of Toronto

Who Did It? Sleep, Source Memory, and Action Memory in Human 4-Year-Olds

Sleep facilitates memory consolidation across the lifespan, but few studies have investigated underlying mechanisms in early development. The present study assessed the role of sleep timing after a social learning situation for action memory in seventy-six 4-year-old children and...

Restoration of glucocorticoid receptor expression by sterol-enriched Sargassum horneri attenuates particulate matter-induced epithelial stress and surfactant transcriptional alterations in alveolar type II epithelial cells

Ambient particulate matter (PM) disrupts alveolar epithelial integrity by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. While Sargassum horneri has been reported to protect against PM-associated airway injury, whether its sterol-enriched fraction contributes to glucocorti...

Extracorporeal CO2 elimination for acute exacerbation of severe COPD requiring invasive mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial (the X-COPD trial)

Abstract Rationale Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are associated with high mortality and long-term disability. Extracorporeal CO₂ removal (ECCO₂R) using modern high-capacity devices may facili...

j-IR-vis: Vision model for infrared spectroscopy embeddings

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy provides rich structural information, but interpreting spectra at scale remains challenging. Here, we introduce j-IR-vis, a vision model trained on IR spectra for functional-group prediction and downstream molecular characterization. Trained separately...

Growth factor-based manufacturing of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes using the vertical wheel bioreactor system

Abstract Background Multiple protocols have been reported for the large-scale generation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) in bioreactors using small molecules; however, no comparable bioreactor-based methods have been established using growth facto...

Perceived school-wide teacher-student relations and teacher job satisfaction: An affective events theory analysis of Shanghai teachers

Teachers’ perceptions of teacher-student relations in their school are linked to their job satisfaction, but whether positive teaching-related emotion constitutes a statistical indirect association between them, and whether school leadership context alters it, remains unclear. Us...

De-escalation training across crisis-response sectors: a scoping review protocol

There is growing concern about violent or harmful encounters between crisis-intervention professionals and practitioners and individuals experiencing acute mental health crises, including those presenting with severe behavioural disturbances related to mental health concerns and/...

An Environmental Scan of Alternate Level of Care (ALC) Policies in Ontario, Canada

Background: Alternate level of care (ALC) patients occupy hospital beds despite no longer requiring acute services, impacting patient flow and contributing to overcrowding. Ontario hospitals have updated legislation and policies to address this issue, yet protocols vary across ce...

A novel use of AI for prediction of clinical deterioration in a post-acute hospital

Abstract There is a growing literature on the prediction of risk of deterioration in hospital settings, including by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) models. However, this literature has focused on acute-care hospitals, rather than post-acute facilities, where the risk of...

Adequate tetanus toxoid immunization and its correlates among married women with a recent live birth in Afghanistan: Insights from a national survey

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of adequate tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization among married women in Afghanistan. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2022-2023 Afghanistan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), focusing on 12,450 marrie...

Cholera in Zambia: Evaluating Emergency Response and the Limits of Reactive Public Health Systems

Abstract Cholera remains a recurrent public health challenge in Zambia, with repeated outbreaks disproportionately affecting low-income urban and peri-urban populations, particularly in Lusaka Province. Seasonal rainfall and flooding intensified by climate change repeatedly overw...

Cross-sectional evaluation of anthropometric measures vs MRI-measured visceral and hepatic fat in a Canadian cohort

Abstract Context Accurate assessment of excess body fat and its cardiometabolic risk is essential in clinical and epidemiologic research. Body mass index (BMI), although widely used, does not capture visceral or ectopic fat. Objective To evaluate how anthropometric measures—BMI,...

Data-driven framework for calibrated thermal comfort assessment and thermal sensation prediction of construction workers during summer

Purpose Construction workers are highly vulnerable to summer heat stress, yet thermal comfort assessment is often constrained by limited site-specific meteorological data. This study aims to develop a calibration framework that adjusts publicly available meteorological data to ap...

Prevalence and Risk of Heart Failure Among Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Understanding the prevalence and risk of heart failure (HF) among older adults is crucial for informing the design and implementation of interventions and guiding equitable healthcare delivery. Methods A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Data...

Characteristics of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Anorexia Nervosa: Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia Nervosa in Twins (CREAT) Study

ABSTRACT Objective To characterise the clinical and phenotypic profile of the Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia nervosa in Twins (CREAT) cohort, identify candidate risk and illness‐related correlates of AN, and establish a foundation for forthcoming biological, neuroimag...

Barriers and Facilitators in Using Personal Hearing Amplifiers from the Perspective of Healthcare Providers

Background: Hearing loss is experienced by two-thirds of hospitalized older adults and is associated with poor access to healthcare and negative health outcomes. Personal hearing amplifiers (PHAs) are evidence-based assistive devices provided in many hospitals to improve accessib...

Universal Metal Electrode Contacts in Perovskite Solar Cells via Fermi‐Level Pinning at Yb‐Doped n + Fullerene Interfaces

ABSTRACT Efficient electron extraction at the electron transport layer (ETL)/metal interface is critical for high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which is fundamentally governed by interfacial energy‐level alignment; however, the microscopic mechanism by which low‐resi...

Neurophysiological signatures of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy in treatment resistant depression

ABSTRACT Objective Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) has demonstrated impressive efficacy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but its neurophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the neurophysiological correlates of SNT using transcra...

International Society of Urological Pathology Multidisciplinary Expert Consultation Conference on Evaluation of Treatment Effects in Prostate and Bladder Cancer

Treatment effects in the urinary bladder are variable and range from localized post-transurethral resection changes to widespread systemic therapy effects. The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) organized a consensus meeting in Vienna, Austria, in September 2025...

Frameworks to identify research gaps, frame research needs, and derive research priorities from evidence syntheses:a scoping review

Objectives To identify and describe frameworks for systematically identifying research gaps from evidence syntheses, framing research needs, and establishing priorities, with emphasis on their use of GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) certai...