Stanford University

ADHD Presentations and Severity in Adults: Psychometric Profiles, Psychiatric Comorbidities, and Emotional Dysregulation in Relation to Psychiatric Hospitalization

Background/Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is heterogeneous in symptom presentation, severity, and comorbid psychopathology, yet systematic data from Italian clinical populations remain limited. Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional...

Screening strategies for the early detection of non-cardia gastric cancer in low- to moderate-prevalence regions: Asia-Pacific gastroesophageal cancer congress consensus 2026

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major global health burden, and early detection is essential for improving patient outcomes. Although GC screening has been widely implemented in East Asian countries with a high disease burden, the optimal screening strategy for...

Real-World Versus Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Estimates of Pediatric Retinal Detachment Repair Times

Purpose: To compare real-world pediatric retinal detachment (RD) repair times with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) estimates for complex RD surgeries. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed of complex pediatric RD perioperative times from pediatric r...

Science-wide mapping of institutions based on affiliated authors' impact and research integrity proxies

Abstract We aimed to generate institution-level data of indicators that may reflect, as proxies, the impact and the research integrity of the authors affiliated with them and that also adjust for institution size and scientific subfields where these authors work. We used the Scop...

Care of the Sexual or Gender Minority Community Living with Cystic Fibrosis: A Survey of United States and Canadian Multidisciplinary Health Care Providers

PURPOSE: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, or another sexual or gender minority (LGBTQIA+) people face health inequities and commonly report health care avoidance. We examined how multidisciplinary subspecialist providers care for LGBTQIA+ people with...

Experimental Methods for CRISPR Enzyme Assays with Fluorescence Readout

Fluorescence-based CRISPR diagnostic assays have become a popular platform for nucleic acid detection due to their programmability, configurability, specificity, and compatibility with standard laboratory equipment. However, reported enzymatic kinetic rates and limits of detectio...

New wine, old bottles? Effective strategies of new GenAI firms

Abstract Research Summary Blending insights from GenAI, strategic reasoning, and empirical grounding in five illustrative ventures, we contribute a theoretical framework for effective strategies of new GenAI firms. They face bifurcated uncertainty (i.e., high uncertainty of a nas...

Delays in breast cancer presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in young women

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) in young patients is often identified at later stages, which can result in poor prognosis. It is important to investigate the factors influencing care delays and how delays affect outcomes. METHODS: This study included women aged ≤40 years at diagno...

Association Between Caffeinated Beverage Intake and Semen Quality in a Preconception Cohort

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the association between caffeine intake and semen quality among couples attempting conception. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of caffeinated beverage intake on semen quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from Pre...

Integrating Hyperuniform Disordered Light Trapping Layers in Ultrathin c-Si Solar Cells

Abstract Ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells require advanced light trapping to compensate for weak near-infrared (NIR) absorption. Here, we integrate hyperuniform disordered light-engineered (HUDLE) nanopatterns with high-quality surface passivation in 4.8 μm c Si cells an...

“My Existence is Queer”: Understanding Trans and Nonbinary College Students’ Sexual Identities

Scientific practices surrounding sexual identity are largely based upon cisheteronormative assumptions, using terms that may not resonate with − or may exclude − trans and nonbinary (TNB) individuals and their experiences. This exploratory study examined how TNB college students...

Electroanalytical and Computational Investigation of Oxoammonium-Mediated Hydride Transfer

Abstract Oxoammonium-mediated hydride transfer is an important yet relatively underexplored elementary step in C–H functionalization. In this work, we employed cyclic voltammetry (CV) to measure the rates of hydride transfer between electrochemically generated oxoammonium catalys...

Prognostication in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Narrative Review of Pre-Diagnosis and Functional Outcomes

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a very heterogeneous disease, yet some of the most common questions received by physicians in the ALS clinic are “how much time do I have?” and “what can I expect to happen next?” This line of inquiry is not strictly limited to patients; cli...

Predicting the clinical course of advanced systemic mastocytosis on treatment with avapritinib or midostaurin

Abstract Advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM) is driven by KIT D816V in approximately 95% of cases. Accurate assessment and prediction of clinical course and disease outcome before and during treatment with the KIT inhibitors midostaurin and avapritinib may facilitate optimizat...

Eosinophil Granule Proteins in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review of Biomarker Utility for Disease Characterization and Outcomes

Background/Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition increasingly understood through endotyping, with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) representing a clinically distinct and often refractory phenotype. Eosinophils exert their pathogenic effects in...

A database study of contemporary diagnosis and management among infants with congenital lung malformations in the United States

Congenital lung malformations (CLM) are commonly screened for on prenatal diagnostic testing and are an index pediatric surgical condition. Population-level contemporary data on incidence and management of CLMs in the United States remain limited. The objective was to evaluate th...

How many labelers do you have? A closer look at gold-standard labels

The construction of most supervised learning datasets revolves around collecting multiple labels for each instance, then aggregating the labels to form a type of "true" label. We question the wisdom of this pipeline by developing a (stylized) theoretical model of this process and...

Hospital wastewater-based antimicrobial resistance epidemiology: a scoping review

Abstract Introduction: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers pooled biological samples of defined populations, complementing clinical surveillance for infectious diseases. Hospitals are hotspots for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We performed a scoping review assessing hosp...

Coupling target and radioactive emitter matters: a sub-tissue dosimetric study to identify optimal strategies

Abstract Background Radiopharmaceutical-therapy dosimetry depends on both radionuclide emission physics and the spatial distribution of activity. We evaluated how radionuclide identity and protein-defined subcellular localization influenced cancer-cell nuclear absorbed-dose distr...

III-V Selective Area Growth by Molecular Beam Epitaxy for Integrated Quantum Systems and Applications

Abstract To realize practical quantum information processing systems with high fidelity, disparate materials and components must be integrated on a scalable, unified platform. Among these, III-V alloys with their widely tunable optical properties and advantageous transport proper...