Stanford University

Retail Electricity Costs and Emissions Incentives Are Misaligned for Commercial and Industrial Power Consumers

Abstract Electrification is contributing to substantial growth in U.S. commercial and industrial loads, but the cost and Scope 2 carbon emission implications of this load growth are opaque for both power consumers and utilities. We present a comprehensive spatiotemporal data set...

Changes in Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness, Inpatient Services, and Excess Child Deaths

Importance Emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness and pediatric inpatient services have changed over time in many hospitals, but the impact of these changes on pediatric outcomes is unclear. Objective To evaluate pediatric mortality associated with changes to ED pediatric...

Algebraic characterization of equivalence between oracle-based iterative algorithms

Abstract When are two algorithms the same? How can we be sure a recently proposed algorithm is novel, and not a minor variation on an existing method? In this paper, we present a framework for reasoning about equivalence between a broad class of iterative algorithms, with a focus...

Hard Choices: Sound Change in Northern Greek

We propose a new account of the change from -Vsis, -Vzis to -Vi̯s in Modern Lesbian, as well as of related changes in other Northern Greek dialects, arguing that they are special cases of the loss of unstressed high vowels. Our analysis depends on the new understanding of the nat...

Cumulative Opioid Exposures in the First Year of Life and Cognitive Neurodevelopment in High-Risk Infants

BACKGROUND: High-risk infants with significant neonatal-perinatal morbidities often require opioids, but prolonged exposures can impair neurodevelopment. We evaluated the effect of cumulative opioid exposures in the first year of life, measured by morphine milligrams equivalents...

Streamlining analysis and design of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy using machine learning

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) offers unique insights into the coupling between electronic and nuclear motion and dynamics, making it a key technique in diverse fields, including materials science and biology. Obtaining 2DES data requires a series of measurements...

Ancestry and Kawasaki Disease: Clinical Pathway Considerations

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of pediatric acquired heart disease in developed countries.1 Despite decades of research, no established biologic marker has been identified, and KD remains a clinical diagnosis.1,2 However, KD research has shown that different populatio...

Valid Inference with Synthetic Data via Task Exchangeability: replication deposit

Replication deposit for the paper Valid Inference with Synthetic Data via Task Exchangeability (Lezhi Tan, Tijana Zrnic). Synthetic data is cheap to produce but can be biased, and treating it as real makes inference confidently wrong. Task exchangeability corrects for this: find...

The gut microbiome and allograft outcomes: implications for heart transplantation

Heart transplantation remains the gold standard therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure. However, post-transplant complications are considerable. Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiome as a modifiable determinant of post-heart transplant outcomes through its in...

DOSE: An open-source, iOS watch-based tool for experience sampling

Smartwatches facilitate low-burden rapid-access micro-interactions, making them ideal for Experience Sampling Methods (ESMs). Despite the Apple Watch being the most popular smartwatch in the U.S., it has yet to be utilized in ESM studies due to a lack of accessible frameworks tha...

Early life exposures association with later diagnosis of spondyloarthritis: A population-based case-control study

Objective To assess whether early-life antibiotics are associated with spondyloarthritis (SpA) diagnosed by age 21. Methods In this population-based, matched case–control study, we used Danish live births (1997-2023) restricted to those reaching minimum relevant ages by December...

Peripheral blood transcriptomic signature is associated with cognitive impairment and freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease: a data-driven approach

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with variable long-term outcomes. Blood-based biomarkers for prognostic prediction remain underdeveloped. We aimed to develop a peripheral blood transcriptomic signature for predicting long-term compl...

Therapeutic selective leukotriene b4 antagonism for human lymphedema

Despite a high prevalence and extensive morbidity, there are no approved pharmacological interventions for lymphedema. Selective inhibition of leukotriene B 4 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target to address the morbidity and symptomatology associated with lymphed...

ICOS‐ImmunoPET Monitors T Cell Activation After Combination Immune Checkpoint Blockade in a Mouse Model of Melanoma Brain Metastasis

ABSTRACT Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed outcomes for melanoma brain metastases (MBM), yet early response assessment remains challenging because currently available tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lack molecular specificity and are confounded b...

Interfacial LithiumRedox Kinetics Regulated by SolventAsymmetry and Moment of Inertia in Li Metal Batteries

Abstract Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) offer high energy density, but interfacial charge-transfer kinetics remain a bottleneck for high-rate operation. In this work, we construct a library of 12 ether solvents with systematic variations in symmetry and fluorination, confirming t...

Aligning protein-generative models to experimental fitness with ProteinDPO

Abstract Biological generative models can predict biological functions without task-specific training data but often under-perform specialized models. This is due to a fundamental ‘alignment gap’, where the rules learned during unsupervised training are not related to the functio...

Tuning Viscoelasticity of Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels for Human Tissue Modeling

ABSTRACT The development of three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro tissue culture models is critical for biomedical research. Hydrogel‐based systems have become preferred scaffolds for 3D models, as they have tunable viscoelastic properties, which are well‐known to influence cell morpho...

Drought dynamics explain once in a century yellow fever virus outbreak in Brazil with implications for climate change

While excess rainfall is associated with mosquito-borne disease because it supports mosquito breeding, drought may also counterintuitively increase disease transmission by altering mosquito and host behavior. This phenomenon is important to understand because climate change is pr...

The hematology workforce in the United States: past, present, and strategies for the future

From 2017-2021, the American Society of Hematology (ASH) completed the largest study ever conducted of the hematology workforce in the United States (US). The study highlighted a deficit in the classical hematology (CH) workforce: despite very high CH clinical volumes encountered...

A Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab plus Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Advanced Biliary Cancer

PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited activity as monotherapy in biliary cancers. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic immune cell growth factor which achieved prolonged survival when combined with ipilimumab in melanoma. We cond...