Columbia University

Groundwater regulates the spatial pattern of photosynthesis in the contiguous United States

Abstract Plants can access water stored in aquifers to sustain their activity, releasing moisture into the atmosphere—a critical survival mechanism during drought. Understanding the role of groundwater in regulating photosynthesis is thus key for modelling land-atmosphere interac...

Elements of olfactory intelligence in Drosophila

The ability to make the world of odorants intelligible is a key capability of the Drosophila olfactory system that we shall call olfactory intelligence. Characterizing the functional logic of the Drosophila early olfactory system that makes the natural world of odorants intelligi...

Quantifying Cloud‐Fog‐Induced Reductions in Near‐Surface Solar Radiation Using the Reduction Ratio Method

Abstract Cloud‐fog formation substantially reduces near‐surface solar radiation and modulates land‐atmosphere interactions, but quantifying such reduction is limited by sparse mountain observations. Using a 1‐km geostationary satellite‐retrieved product, we apply the Reduction Ra...

PD GENEration: an international Parkinson’s disease genetic research study

Abstract Background PD GENEration (NCT04057794, NCT04994015), sponsored by the Parkinson's Foundation in partnership with Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) through the Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2), is an international, observational, clinical research study...

User Experience and Satisfaction With a Web‐Based Application to Improve Intelligibility in Parkinson's Disease

ABSTRACT Background/Objectives Motor speech impairments, such as hypokinetic dysarthria, are highly prevalent among individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). These voice and speech deficits may significantly impact speech intelligibility, leading many individuals with PD to with...

The downward legacy of a phytoplankton bloom in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Abstract Ocean particles are a heterogeneous collection, including living and dead cells, feces, mucus‐rich aggregates, and mineral shells and frustules. In the well‐lit upper ocean, phototrophic processes fuel production of particulate matter; however, only a relatively small pe...

Universal scaling laws for correlated decay of many-body quantum systems

Abstract Quantum systems are inevitably open, continually exchanging energy and information with the surrounding environment. This interaction leads to decoherence and decay of quantum states. In complex systems, formed by many particles, decay can become correlated and enhanced....

Discovering how ice crystals grow using neural ODEs and symbolic regression

Depositional ice growth strongly influences the evolution and lifetime of ice-containing clouds on Earth and Mars, yet its physics remain uncertain because the earliest stages of ice-crystal growth cannot be directly observed and are sparsely sampled in laboratory settings. Here,...

Thank You, Now What? How Donors Respond to Calls to Action

We study whether thank-you communications charities send to past donors should include a call to action (CTA), a direct request to give again, and show that the answer depends on whether the donor has already given in the current giving cycle. Although CTAs can clarify desired be...

Gibbs measures with multilinear forms

In this paper, we study a class of multilinear Gibbs measures with Hamiltonian given by a generalized U-statistic and with a general base measure. Expressing the asymptotic free energy as an optimization problem over a space of functions, we obtain sufficient conditions for repli...

Loneliness and all-cause mortality in the United States

Importance Loneliness affects more than half of US adults and has been declared a public health epidemic, yet whether clinically documented loneliness independently predicts mortality across diverse populations remains unclear. Objective To examine the association between clinica...

Assessing foundational atomistic models for iron alloys under Earth's core conditions

We assess the capability of recently developed foundational atomistic models (FAMs) to simulate iron alloys under the extreme pressures and temperatures of Earth's core. Static equations of state for hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and body-centered cubic (bcc) iron, computed using...

Trimethylamine N-oxide and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events: results of umbrella review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may be a causal factor or marker for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACE), but evidence in humans is limited to observational studies with inherent uncertainties. Methods We conducted an umbrella sys...

Bridging Knowledge Gaps in Clinical AI: An Activity Theory Perspective on Interdisciplinary Data Work for Telehealth

Advanced AI technologies are increasingly integrated into clinical domains to advance patient care. The design and development of clinical AI technologies necessitate seamless collaboration between clinical and technical experts. However, such interdisciplinary teams are often un...

Past rapid spread of introduced livestock coincided with vegetation clearance on Madagascar

Debates persist around the past and present effects of introduced livestock on the native biodiversity of Madagascar. Indeed, the variable habitat and past rate of spread of livestock across the island's distinct ecoregions are poorly known. Sets of 14C and stable isotope data fr...

The impact of co-occurring opioid and stimulant use disorders on unplanned readmissions among patients hospitalized with bacterial infections

Opioid and stimulant use disorders (OUD and StUD) are major drivers of injection drug use (IDU)-related bacterial infections requiring hospitalization and may increase readmission risk. However, the independent and combined effects of these factors on short-term readmission risk...

The anthropogenic fingerprint on emerging infectious diseases

Abstract Emerging infectious diseases are a hallmark of the Anthropocene 1,2 . Human-driven ecosystem changes and human–wildlife–livestock contact can drive the emergence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases 3–5 , but how much these processes shape landscapes of outbreak risk is...

Associations between social determinants of health and clinical diagnosis time of uterine fibroids and endometriosis: a cross-sectional electronic health record-based study

This study characterizes the association between self-reported race/ethnicity, insurance type, and preferred language with clinical diagnosis time for uterine fibroids (UF) and endometriosis patients, defined as time from first symptom consultation to diagnosis date. We extracted...

“There was no parenting class for this”: Gendered experiences of navigating the empty nest transition

This research aims to enhance understanding of the empty-nest transition and the diverse experiences parents undergo during this period. While the transition into parenthood has been extensively studied, the shift into post-parenting life, when children leave the household, remai...

Early gait segments may be sufficient: fall risk assessment does not require steady-state walking

Falls remain a significant health concern for older adults, highlighting the need for efficient and accurate fall risk screening. Although wearable inertial measurement units provide accessible gait analysis, it remains unclear whether fall-history classification requires gait pa...