Columbia University

Application of VirCapSeq-VERT for viral pathogen detection in children under five with acute diarrheal illness in Zambia

Diarrheal disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years, especially in low- and middle-income countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Although rotavirus vaccination has reduced burden in children, a substantial proportion of diarrh...

HIV Testing and Care Among Publicly Insured Enrollees With Schizophrenia: Is There a Benefit to Dual Eligibility?

Background Patients with schizophrenia experience gaps in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care continuum. We examined the impact of dual enrollment in Medicare upon HIV testing and retention among Medicaid‐enrolled patients with schizophrenia. Methods Using Medicaid Analyt...

Global variability in cardiovascular care of pediatric cancer patients and survivors: survey results from the International Cardio Oncology Society (ICOS)

Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease due to cardiotoxic cancer therapies. Different international guidelines and recommendations for follow-up were published. However, global practices surrounding cardiovascular risk assessment, screeni...

Prenatal Water Fluoride Exposure and Children’s Behavioral Problems

Importance Although fluoride exposure at high levels during the perinatal period has been associated with socioemotional problems among children, there is limited evidence regarding potential associations at lower levels of fluoride exposure, particularly in the US. Objective To...

Early development of cortical networks is modulated by Family Nurture Intervention: a multicenter replication study

Abstract Background Prematurity is associated with a high risk of abnormal neurodevelopment, inflicting life-long neurocognitive consequences with major public health importance. This calls for early biomarkers of functional brain development to serve as indicators of the effect...

Intervention Design for Individual Behavior Change in Stroke Prevention Trials

Stroke prevention requires that patients follow recommended health behaviors. However, few stroke behavioral interventions have been shown to produce clinically significant behavior change in clinical trials, likely thwarted in the design process by limited application of behavio...

Perplexity as a metric for isoform diversity in the human transcriptome

-an interpretable measure derived from entropy-that quantifies the effective number of isoforms per gene based on the full, unfiltered isoform ratio distribution. Calculating perplexity for 124 ENCODE4 PacBio LRS datasets spanning 55 human cell types, we show that it provides int...

Estimating the carcinogenesis timelines in early-onset versus late-onset cancers and changes across birth cohorts

Abstract Understanding the timing of key mutational events in cancer development is critical for informing cancer prevention and detection strategies, particularly for early-onset cases that have increased in recent years. Yet intermediate mutational events are challenging to obs...

Cell Saver Use is Not Associated With Increased Morbidity But Reflects Transfusion Burden in Pediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. INTRODUCTION: Cell saver (CS) is widely used in spinal fusion to reduce exposure to allogeneic transfusion, which carries risks such as infection and prolonged hospitalization. Pediatric spinal fusion is frequently associated with signifi...

Unsupervised discovery of functional sequence patterns from protein language model with MotifAE

Protein language models (pLMs) learn sequence patterns at evolutionary scale, but these patterns remain inaccessible within these “black box” models. To discover them, we developed MotifAE, an unsupervised framework based on the sparse autoencoder (SAE) architecture that projects...

A Finite Element Model of Pregnancy Derived From Maternal Sonography: Effect of Uterine And Cervical Structural Properties on Cervical Mechanical Loading

Identification and treatment of pregnancies at risk for preterm birth is a central challenge in obstetric research. Many of the known causes of preterm birth originate from mechanical failure in reproductive tissues. To better understand the biomechanical environment of the gravi...

Not Learning from Others

We study social learning using experiments where two people independently learn relevant information and can share it to make accurate private decisions. Across three experiments, people are substantially less sensitive to information others discover than to equally-relevant info...

Distinct lattice and charge excitations in AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors

The kagome superconductor family A V 3 Sb 5 ( A = Cs, Rb, K) provides a rich platform for exploring diverse electronic symmetry breaking phenomena, including superconductivity and various forms of density wave orders. Although these compounds share the identical lattice structure...

Oral health and systemic health outcomes: A call for interdisciplinary action

Abstract Objectives To make the case, from periodontology and dental public health, for interdisciplinary action on oral and systemic health, and to set out recommendations for practice, policy, education, and research. Materials and Methods A joint working group of the European...

Context-dependent genetic regulation of gene expression in pigs

Abstract Production livestock provide a natural system for studying gene regulation under physiologically demanding conditions shaped by rapid growth, environmental exposure, and immune challenges. Using farm pigs from the PigGTEx resource, we apply quantile regression to reveal...

Purkinje cells in Crus I and II encode the visual stimulus and the impending choice as monkeys learn a reinforcement based visuomotor association task

Abstract Visuomotor association involves linking an arbitrary visual cue to a well-learned movement. Transient inactivation of Crus I/II impairs primates’ ability to learn new associations and delays motor responses without affecting the kinematics of the movement. The simple spi...

Bypassing Races in Live Applications with Execution Filters

Deployed multithreaded applications contain many races because these applications are difficult to write, test, and debug. Worse, the number of races in deployed applications may drastically increase due to the rise of multicore hardware and the immaturity of current race detecto...

“Farming Saved My Life”: Land as Teacher, Healer, and Connector in New York City

In 2015, the United Nations examined barriers to peace, human well-being, and environmental stability among member states, generating 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Gardens and farms in NYC advance the SDGs in the local context by promoting inclusive, resilient communiti...

Tracking Variability in Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Riverine Inputs to the Iberian Margin Over the Last 250 kyr

Abstract The Iberian Margin provides an exceptional archive of climate variability due to its high sedimentation rates. However, uncertainties persist regarding the provenance of terrigenous detrital sediments on the Iberian Margin, and the climate‐driven changes in their source...

Screen time is differentially related to visual selective attention and visual feature processing across middle childhood

Abstract Increased screen time has been linked to attention difficulties in early childhood, raising concerns among parents and professionals. However, it remains unclear how screen use influences the development of visual attention and visual processing across childhood. In this...