University of Pennsylvania

Adaptive oncogenesis of β-catenin emerges from declining liver tissue integrity

Abstract Mutations are fundamental to oncogenesis, yet they cannot fully explain cancer progression, as oncogenic mutations frequently accumulate in healthy tissues without immediate malignancy. In the liver, β-catenin mutations are highly prevalent in hepatocellular carcinoma bu...

Asthma Exacerbation Risk and School Asthma Readiness

OBJECTIVES: School-based asthma management is a key facet of child asthma care. We aimed to describe the proportion of students whose schools have child-specific components of asthma care, derive a composite metric of these components ("school asthma readiness"), and assess its a...

Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosis of Esophageal Manometry: A Narrative Review

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: High-resolution manometry (HRM), the gold standard for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, remains constrained by inter-rater variability, limited access to expert esophagologists, and inadequate training infrastructure. Many gastroenterology fellowship p...

The effects of meditation–based interventions on sleep quality among adults aged ≥ 55 with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta–analysis

Sleep disturbances are common in older adults with MCI, associated with cognitive decline and reduced quality of life. Pharmacological treatment remains common despite safety concerns. Meditation–based interventions may improve sleep and psychological well–being, yet evidence amo...

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Thrombotic Significance

ABSTRACT Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an asymptomatic premalignant precursor to multiple myeloma (MM). While development of end‐organ damage in MM largely reflects increasing clonal burden, emerging evidence indicates that qualitative properties of...

Association between clinician team structure and continuous pulse oximetry overuse among infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis: An Eliminating Monitor Overuse Trial substudy

Abstract Continuous pulse oximetry (cSpO 2 ) monitoring for hospitalized children with bronchiolitis not requiring supplemental oxygen is an established form of medical overuse. We examined whether clinician team structure influences cSpO 2 overuse. In this secondary analysis of...

MitigatingSO2 Poisoning Effect in ElectrochemicalCO2 Reduction with Transition-Metal Single-Atom MolecularCatalysts

Abstract The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) offers a promising approach for converting captured CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels. However, CO2 streams from industrial sources often contain SO2 impurities, which compromise the performance and stability of many...

Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging and Photothermal Therapy of Tumors Using a Targeted Helical Protein Scaffold

Abstract Photothermal therapy (PTT) using near-infrared (NIR) photoactive agents offers a minimally invasive approach for tumor ablation; however, many existing platforms rely on polymeric or nanoparticle carriers that limit targeting precision and control over dye loading. Here,...

Longitudinal evaluation of sleep disturbances in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

Abstract Purpose The current study examines longitudinal changes in sleep disturbances and the risks they pose for new-onset health conditions in survivors of childhood cancer. Methods Five-year survivors ( N = 1081; median [range] age 50.0 [45.2–55.0] years) and siblings ( N = 2...

Pre-trained knowledge transfer with application in multisystem inflammatory syndrome subphenotyping in children

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe post-acute sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and presents with highly heterogeneous signs and symptoms. Disentangling the clinical manifestations of MIS-C by characterizing its subphenotypes can help iden...

Telemedicine Use in Primary Care for Children: 2019–2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We lack national data on the maturing clinical use of telemedicine (TM) in children’s primary care. This manuscript describes patterns of TM use for problem-based visits overall, across clinical domains, and associations of use with clinic visit volume....

Last resort: the ethical obligation to offer ketamine in psychiatric euthanasia and assisted suicide

Intravenous ketamine and intranasal esketamine have shown rapid effects in reversing suicidality and improving depressive symptoms. In countries that allow psychiatric euthanasia and/or assisted suicide (EAS), we argue that potentially effective treatments for suicidal ideation a...

HeartMate 3 in Pediatric and Complex Populations: Physiologic Rationale, Patient Selection, and Management Strategies

The HeartMate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD), initially designed for adults, is increasingly utilized in children, small adults, and those with congenital heart disease (CHD), necessitating expanded knowledge and collaborative efforts. This review highlights key ph...

SNAP Benefit Cycles and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Adults With HIV

This cohort study examines the association between timing of receipt of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits and adherence to oral antiretroviral therapy among SNAP recipients with HIV.

Epidemiology of Health-Related Social Needs Screening and Positivity in a Multistate Health System

Importance: Health systems increasingly screen for health-related social needs (HRSNs), which are modifiable social factors associated with health outcomes. However, screening selection biases and HRSN burdens are poorly characterized. Objective: To evaluate patient characteristi...

Gas-assisted electrodeposition modulates the grain structure of Cu catalysts for selective conversion of CO2 to C2+ products

Electrochemical CO 2 reduction has attracted considerable research interest as a pathway to convert CO 2 into value-added multicarbon products. Cu is a key catalyst for multicarbon-product formation, and its selectivity is strongly affected by its microstructure. However, the eff...

Distraction in anterior plagiocephaly: technique, risks, and long-term results

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to define the perioperative outcomes and long-term aesthetic outcomes of patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis (UCS) treated with fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) and compare them to a contemporaneous cohort treated with con...

Long‐term prediction of epilepsy following traumatic brain injury among veterans using routine clinical data

OBJECTIVE: Despite elevated risk for epilepsy following traumatic brain injury (TBI), there are limited tools to assess epilepsy risk following TBI using routine clinical data. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning approach to predict the onse...

Beyond Digital Access: Domains and Breadths of Everyday Digital Technology Engagement and Associations with Cognition Among Older Adults

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study identified latent domains and usage-breadth patterns of everyday digital technology (EDT) engagement among older adults and examined their concurrent and prospective associations with cognition. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The analytic sampl...

Escaping the Plantationocene: plotting the future of education

Purpose This article critically analyses the ways in which contemporary international educational development perpetuates plantation systems. It proposes ways to plot an escape from the plantation's extractive education monoculture and move towards multi-epistemological flourishi...