University of Pennsylvania

Multiple Jobholding and Earnings Differences Among Direct Care Workers

While the aging population increasingly relies on direct care workers—personal care aides, home health aides, and nursing assistants—insufficient income drives many of these workers to acquire second jobs. Using the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), we evaluate t...

“My Existence is Queer”: Understanding Trans and Nonbinary College Students’ Sexual Identities

Scientific practices surrounding sexual identity are largely based upon cisheteronormative assumptions, using terms that may not resonate with − or may exclude − trans and nonbinary (TNB) individuals and their experiences. This exploratory study examined how TNB college students...

Systemic RVX ‐208 Attenuates Experimental Periodontitis Through Inflammatory Host Modulation

AIMS: This study investigated whether systemic treatment of RVX-208, a selective BET protein inhibitor, could ameliorate experimental periodontitis in a prophylactic setting and examined transcriptomic changes associated with RVX-208 in vitro. METHODS: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P...

Perception of visual noise patterns depends on correlations produced in V1: A simulation study

Visual noise is widely used as a stimulus in vision science, yet the neural representation of noise itself remains poorly understood. We investigated how external visual noise is encoded in the primary visual cortex (V1) using a biologically inspired neural network model (VOneNet...

Can Psychological Readiness Predict Successful Return to Sports After Patellar Stabilization Surgery in Adolescent Patients? A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: While many metrics are used to subjectively assess a patient’s knee function with patellofemoral instability (PFI), psychological readiness to return to sport (RTS) after patellar stabilization surgery is not well established in this population. The Anterior Cruciate...

Mechanistic Study of a Thermal- and Light-Driven Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation of an Organocerium Complex

Abstract In crystallo synthetic and analytical methods are remarkably effective for stabilizing and structurally characterizing otherwise reactive compounds, and elucidating transient intermediates in catalytic cycles. In this work, we investigate the mechanism of the ring-openin...

A multivalent mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine containing eight hemagglutinin antigens elicited broad neutralizing antibody responses and protected against influenza A virus challenge in swine

The diversity within H1 and H3 subtype influenza A viruses (IAVs) in swine prevents effective vaccine control approaches with inactivated whole-virus vaccines. We addressed the challenge of controlling co-circulating hemagglutinin (HA) clades of swine IAV with the development of...

Hearing Screening Among Underserved US Adults: A Scoping Review of Modalities and Determinants

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate existing literature on hearing screening outcomes and follow‐through among the adult population in the US. Data Sources PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. Review Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed,...

INCREASED PREVALENCE OF PANCREATIC CYSTS IN NONSECRETOR (FUT2 NULL) INDIVIDUALS UNDER PANCREATIC SURVEILLANCE

Abstract Background: Pancreatic surveillance commonly detects pancreatic cysts, most of which are presumed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). FUT2, the gene responsible for secretor status, has been implicated in IPMN development, although not with pancreatic cancer...

How Heat Stress Mediates the Impacts of Street-level Environmental Features on Housing Prices: A Comparative Study of Center City and Outside Areas in Philadelphia

Urban heat increasingly shapes housing markets, but existing studies often use coarse data and overlook spatial differences. This study develops an SEM-centered framework, with RF-SHAP as a non-parametric robustness check, to examine how 1-meter Universal Thermal Climate Index (U...

D3MI: an efficient and powerful federated imputation method for bias reduction in the analysis of distributed incomplete data by accounting for within-site correlation and between-site heterogeneity

BACKGROUND: Electronic health records (EHRs) collected from diverse healthcare institutions offer a rich and representative data source for clinical research. Federated learning enables analysis of these distributed data without sharing sensitive patient-level information, preser...

Value of Left Ventricular Low Voltage Area and Ejection Fraction in Predicting End-Stage Heart Failure Outcomes After Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and ventricular tachycardia are at increased risk for adverse HF outcomes, and abnormal left ventricular (LV) substrate identified by endocardial unipolar and bipolar low-voltage areas (LVAs) may aid in risk stratificati...

Association of food insecurity with gastrointestinal and hepatic conditions in U.S. adults: A population-based study

Background Food insecurity affects 2.33 billion people worldwide and disproportionately impacts those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, population-level evidence linking food insecurity and gastrointestinal (GI) conditions remains limited. Aim To examine the associa...

Early Adoption and Diffusion of Oral Semaglutide in US Adults With Obesity

This cohort study evaluates early treatment trends of oral semaglutide among adults eligible for obesity management medications following its approval for obesity.

Willingness to Participate in HIV Cure Research Among Young People Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPLHIV) represent a unique population for HIV cure research, offering opportunities to assess interventions in a group for whom adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is particularly challenging. Understanding their perspect...

PTPN2 sustains non-canonical inflammasome activation and shapes the inflammatory response to sepsis

Abstract The innate immune system relies on pattern recognition receptors to recognize and detect pathogens. Gram-negative bacteria release LPS-rich outer membrane vesicles (LPS-OMVs), which activate PRRs, trigger inflammation at distant sites and contribute to systemic inflammat...

Multidisciplinary Support for Children With Genodermatoses in Brazil: A RE ‐ AIM Evaluation of Casa Santa Teresinha's Community‐Based Model

ABSTRACT Genodermatoses impose substantial psychosocial and functional burdens on affected children and their families, yet structured community‐based support models remain underrepresented in the literature. We describe Casa Santa Teresinha , a Brazilian non‐profit organization...

Categorizing differences in postpartum hemorrhage management and associated clinical factors

Abstract Objective To examine whether there is variation in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management and whether differences are associated with patient‐level factors and delivery hospital. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients delivered at ≥20 weeks of gestation...

Antibiotic Choice for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children With Medical Complexity

BACKGROUND There are no guideline recommendations for antibiotic choice for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children with medical complexity (CMC). We compared broad- vs narrow-spectrum antibiotics in CMC hospitalized with nonsevere CAP. METHODS This cohort study was conduc...

Surrogate Decision-Making for Older Adults With and Without Dementia

Importance End-of-life care for older individuals in the US frequently includes interventions that may be burdensome and inconsistent with patient preferences. Few experimental studies have assessed potentially modifiable factors associated with surrogate recommendations. Objecti...