University of California, San Francisco

Prioritizing Global Health Education in Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowships: An Applicant Survey

Abstract Background Global Health (GH) is expanding, offering an increasing number of opportunities for engagement to trainees in medical schools and residency programs. This expansion of opportunities has not yet reached those at the fellowship level, particularly in Critical Ca...

Intramedullary Fixation for Epibasilar Thumb Metacarpal Fractures: A Case Series

Intramedullary (IM) fixation has gained popularity in the fixation of hand and finger fractures, given the ability to start early postoperative range of motion and relatively minimally invasive insertion. This article describes the surgical technique and clinical outcomes of intr...

Tuning the Activation Barrier for Oxygen Exchange on Mixed Conducting Oxide with Fine Control of Transition Metal Impurities

Abstract The energy barrier for oxygen exchange at the surface of mixed conducting oxides is a multifactor term that remains difficult to predict with existing models. Here, we describe an experimental approach to fine-tune this barrier on Pr0.1Ce0.9O2-δ used as a model mixed con...

Association of Community Factors, Firearm Laws, and Pediatric Firearm Injuries

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a zip code-level analysis of community measures and firearm legislation associated with pediatric fatal and nonfatal firearm injuries, ordered by strength of association. METHODS: This was an ecological study of 46 states and the District of Columbia from Ja...

Fifty Years After Estelle v. Gamble — Where Does Carceral Health Law Go from Here?

Abstract Fifty years ago, the US Supreme Court decided Estelle v. Gamble — a landmark case commonly known for establishing a duty on the government to provide health services to incarcerated people, whether before or after conviction. In this column, we offer a brief critical rea...

Cumulative mean pulmonary artery pressure as a marker of hepatic congestion in patients with chronic heart failure

Patients with chronic heart failure (HF) are at increased risk of congestive hepatopathy, yet current clinical markers have limited predictive value. In this proof-of-concept study, we leveraged hemodynamic data from the CardioMEMS device to evaluate the association between pulmo...

Examining the Interchangeability of Two Different Patient‐Reported Global Assessment Measures in an Observational Axial Spondyloarthritis Cohort

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine if patient global assessment (PGA) scores reported by patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) prior to the development of the ASDAS can be used as a substitute for the global item of the ASDAS formula. METHODS: Data from th...

Rethinking family planning indicators: findings from a global expert consultation

The global family planning field has long relied on a few standard measures to assess program effectiveness and population-level outcomes, such as modern contraceptive prevalence, unmet need for family planning, and demand satisfied. Recognizing that these measures have substanti...

Engineered Orthogonal Translation Systems from Metagenomic Libraries Expand the Genetic Code

Abstract Genetic code expansion with noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) opens new opportunities for the design and engineering of proteins by broadening their chemical repertoire. Unfortunately, ncAA incorporation into proteins is limited both by a small collection of orthogonal am...

Adverse events, quality of life, and work impairment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)—a survey of first- and second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) intolerance in the US

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve survival for people with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) but may cause adverse events (AEs) that impair quality of life (QoL). Adults with CML receiving first- or second-line TKI therapy in the United States (US) completed validated questi...

Automated Multimodal Correlative Registration for Organelle-Specific Elemental and Isotopic Imaging

Abstract Mapping the subcellular partitioning of therapeutics is important for understanding their trafficking, mechanisms of action, and off-target effects. NanoSIMS provides chemical images of labeled therapeutics, but assigning these signals to cellular structures requires cor...

Large Language Models (LLMs) vs Manual Chart Review for Assessing Goal-Concordant Care: An Exploratory Study

BackgroundEvidence that advance care planning (ACP) improves goal-concordant care (GCC) remains limited. Challenges are lack of reproducible operational definition of GCC and labor-intensive nature of manual chart review.ObjectivesDevelop a structured approach to adjudicating GCC...

Recruitment and Engagement in Care to Impact Practice Enhancement for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Study Protocol

Abstract Objectives To adapt an evidence-based linkage coordinator model used in HIV care to identify, engage, and link adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) who are unaffiliated from specialty care to SCD specialists, and to assess implementation readiness, processes, outcomes,...

Self-reported cannabis use following cash transfer: Estimating the short-term impacts of the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend

Aims Researchers have hypothesized that cash transfers affect substance use through two competing pathways: relieving financial strain which could reduce use, or expanding spendable income, which could increase use. We tested whether payments from the Permanent Fund Dividend (PFD...

Development and Validation of a Novel Algorithm for Classifying Diabetes Type in Adolescents and Young Adults Using Electronic Health Record Data

OBJECTIVE Accurate classification of diabetes type in early-onset populations is essential for epidemiologic and health services research but remains challenging when using electronic health record (EHR) data alone. Our objective was to develop and validate a diabetes typing algo...

Prenatal exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter and fetal growth outcomes in the United States: Findings from the ECHO Cohort

Background: Increasing exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may pose unique risks to fetal development. We assessed associations between prenatal wildfire PM 2.5 exposure and fetal growth outcomes, including birth weight at term, birth weight for gestational age...

Perceptions of Incidental Findings on Lung Cancer Screening Exams: A National Survey of Primary Care Clinicians and Radiologists

RATIONALE: Unlike other common cancer screenings, annual lung cancer screening often identifies a spectrum of incidental findings unrelated to lung cancer. While these findings could be actionable, how to best communicate and manage them can be a challenge, often falling upon pri...

Photoactivated Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry for Probing Multidomain Protein Dynamics in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Abstract Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) with photoactivatable reagents has been increasingly applied to probe protein conformational dynamics; however, its sensitivity to shifts in conformational equilibrium involving transient, sparsely populated docked states within mu...

Responding With Evidence and Access for Childhood Headaches ( REACH ) study: A comparative effectiveness trial of cognitive behavioral therapy monotherapy versus combined cognitive behavioral therapy–pharmacotherapy with amitriptyline for the prevention of childhood migraine—The study protocol

Migraine is one of the most common chronic health problems in children and adolescents, resulting in high levels of functional disability. Symptoms frequently persist into and impact the course of adulthood for affected individuals. Current practice recommendations include a comb...

Population genomics reveals multi-scale mechanisms sustaining schistosomiasis re-emergence in a near-elimination setting

Abstract In China, sustained snail control, environmental management, and mass drug administration with praziquantel reduced schistosomiasis to near-elimination levels, yet re-emergence in Sichuan Province during the early 2000s exposed vulnerabilities in late-stage control. We c...