University of California, San Francisco

β3‑adrenergic receptor agonist improves recovery after volumetric muscle loss and is associated with increased intramuscular brown/beige adipogenic activity in mice

Abstract Background Volumetric muscle loss (VML) often results in chronic muscle weakness, limb dysfunction, and even permanent disability. Current research primarily focuses on cell and extracellular matrix transplantation, but there is a lack of studies on the physiologically s...

Removing Tuition Dependency From Dental Education: Consensus Recommendations on Student Debt, Sustainability, and Pathway Reform

BACKGROUND: The current financing model for US dental education is increasingly misaligned with the goals of sustainability, equity, and workforce design. Tuition has risen substantially over time, educational debt among dental graduates remains high, and evidence suggests that p...

Cutaneous Adverse Events Associated with Semaglutide, Liraglutide and Tirzepatide: A Systematic Review

Background/Objectives: Incretin-based therapies, including glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RAs, are increasingly prescribed for obesity, leading to greater recognition of associated dermatological...

Delivering Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir PrEP to People Experiencing Homelessness and People Who Use Drugs

Long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) may be particularly advantageous for preventing HIV among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) and people who use drugs (PWUD), populations at high HIV risk with poor oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outcomes. In a retrospective...

A TWAS Method Calibrated for the Uncertainty of Predicted Expression

ABSTRACT The transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) is a powerful approach to identifying novel genes associated with complex phenotypes. Standard TWAS approaches build a prediction model for the genetic component of expression based on reference transcriptome data. Next, an...

Hearing Screening Among Underserved US Adults: A Scoping Review of Modalities and Determinants

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate existing literature on hearing screening outcomes and follow‐through among the adult population in the US. Data Sources PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. Review Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed,...

Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Lowering in People With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Importance There is uncertainty about the effects of intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering on risks of cardiovascular disease and kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective To assess the standardized effects of intensive BP lowering on cardiovascular...

Impact of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status on Presentation and Treatment of Thyroid Cancer

Abstract Objective We examined associations between multilevel sociodemographic factors and extent of disease at presentation and time to treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Study Design Population‐based study. Setting California Cancer Registry (CCR)....

Designing for access: implementation determinants of harm reduction vending machines in veterans supportive housing

Abstract Background Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) are an emerging strategy to provide convenient, low-threshold access to harm reduction and other health-related supplies, yet evidence and practical guidance on implementation, particularly in supportive housing and for...

A map of RBP-miRNA regulatory connections for deciphering the mechanisms of transcriptome remodeling in cancer

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that influence cancer progression and outcome. Whereas transcriptional dysregulation of miRNA abundance underlies abnormal functionality of some miRNAs in cancer, emerging data points to RNA-binding pr...

Functional seizures: care experiences of U.S. Veterans and their care partners

Functional seizures (FS) present substantial diagnostic and treatment challenges, particularly for Veterans with multiple medical and psychiatric comorbidities including post traumatic stress disorder, mood disorders and traumatic brain injury. To more effectively care for Vetera...

Perceptions of Safety and Fear of Seeking Emergency Care After 2025 Anti-Immigrant Policies

This cross-sectional study examines safety concerns and fear of seeking emergency care among English- and Spanish-speaking Latino patients following implementation of immigration policy changes in 2025.

One Step at a Time: Design and Rationale for Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trials

Stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials provide researchers with an opportunity to simultaneously implement and evaluate systemic interventions in real-world settings. This study design may have advantages compared with other cluster randomized trial (CRT) designs by optimizing f...

Selective PET imaging of bacterial infection using a glycosylated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-derived tracer

Abstract Distinguishing bacterial infection from non-infectious inflammation remains challenging because most clinical imaging detects the host inflammatory response rather than the bacteria themselves. The widely used glucose analogue 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose accumulates in metab...

Effect of a comic book-based educational intervention on human papillomavirus vaccine knowledge and safety perception among girls aged 9–14 in Nigeria

Background Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death for women and is preventable with the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and regular screening. However, awareness of vaccines and screenings is poor in many low- and middle-income countries. In 2023, Nigeria sought to delive...

Associations between substance use by type and HIV viral suppression across multiple cohorts in the US

Substance use among people with HIV (PWH) represents an important obstacle to further reductions in HIV transmission. Using data from a diverse collection of five studies including people with HIV in care and those in community cohorts, we report results for analyses of the assoc...

Circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol, sex steroid hormones, and risk of mortality among postmenopausal females with breast cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Abstract Background: Biomarkers in the hormonal and metabolic pathways linking obesity and mortality can influence survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Methods: We prospectively examined associations with mortality for pre-diagnostic plasma levels of circulating 27-hydroxychol...

Culture-Agnostic and Culture-Specific Analyses of Semantic Fluency in Korean and English Speakers With Alzheimer's Disease

PURPOSE: This study investigated cross-linguistic and cultural influences on semantic fluency in monolingual Korean- and English-speaking individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by contrasting culture-agnostic and culture-specific analytic frameworks. We focused on how cultural...

A small molecule increases mycobacterial translation fidelity without a fitness cost by targeting ribosomal protein S5

A central dogma of molecular biology is the "speed-accuracy trade-off," where ribosomes must slow down to ensure accurate protein synthesis. In mycobacteria, a high basal level of mistranslation at glutamine and asparagine codons, caused by an indirect tRNA aminoacylation pathway...

Implementing Respiratory Illness Care Pathways in General Hospitals: A Cluster Randomized Trial

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A prior study at a freestanding children's hospital tested simultaneous implementation of multiple clinical pathways and demonstrated improved guideline adherence and patient health outcomes. This high-efficiency approach has not been studied in general...