University College London

Hypokinesia and bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease are consistent with reduced motor vigour, not an impaired capacity to generate and transmit neural drive to muscle

Abstract Hypokinesia and bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease have been attributed to reduced motor vigour, an account that assumes the neural drive to muscle is intact but inappropriately scaled; an alternative is that generation of the drive is itself impaired. We recorded high-...

Understanding the scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery and its influence on referral behaviour among healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) is a recognized surgical specialty within Saudi Arabia, yet its scope remains inconsistently understood among healthcare professionals, with implications for referral accuracy and appropriate access to care. Aim This study...

HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Mother–Infant Pairs in Southern Mozambique

This prospective nested cohort (EARTH) study evaluated drug resistance mutations and outcomes among 79 (31 with genetic results) early-treated Mozambican children living with HIV, followed for 50 months. Mortality reached 20.3%. Drug resistance mutations were detected in 58.1% of...

Examining the benefits of spaced retrieval practice on transfer and the student experience in the classroom

Spaced retrieval practice is a learning strategy whereby information is retrieved multiple times with each retrieval attempt separated by a time gap. We conducted a semester-long classroom intervention to investigate the benefits of spaced retrieval practice on memory and transfe...

MRI-derived prostate volume assessment: manual segmentation versus two-axis ellipsoid approximation and its implications for PSA density

Abstract Purpose To evaluate how accurately prostate volume estimated with the ellipsoid formula matches manual segmentation (reference standard) and to assess whether an individualized, volume-dependent adjustment of the ellipsoid weighting factor improves performance. Methods I...

Assessing the Lagged Regional Economic Output Gaps After the 2015 South India Flood

ABSTRACT Natural hazards can adversely impact society, environment, and human well‐being. The development of mitigation strategies is typically based on estimates of economic losses, but such estimates are difficult when high‐resolution post‐disaster data are scarce. Models such...

Stem-cell modeling of cerebellar dysfunction of Angelman syndrome

Angelman syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of function of the maternal allele of the neuron-specific imprinted gene UBE3A. Although Angelman syndrome presents with developmental delay, ataxia, epilepsy, and speech impairment, the contribution of spec...

Spatially resolved multiomics of human meningeal development reveal lineage and disease dynamics

Abstract The meninges are increasingly recognized as key stromal and immune niches supporting cranial development. Here we constructed a paired single-nuclei RNA and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin atlas of human meningeal development from 6 to 21 postconception weeks...

Validation of Parent‐Report Questionnaires for Large‐Scale Online Screening of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Children and Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective Studies assessing the validity of screening measures for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) remain scarce. We evaluated the diagnostic performance and validity of an online, parent‐reported screening approach for ARFID in a population‐based sampl...

Major adverse cardiac events and mortality associated with ADHD and its treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multi-national cohort study

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the impact of ADHD and ADHD medication use on prognosis and health outcomes in T2D remains unclear. This study investigates the associations of...

Teaching Climate Change and Geography: Towards a Climate Education Pathway

ABSTRACT This is a crucial moment to reflect on climate education. Young people demand and deserve deeper knowledge, skills and understanding of climate change. Following the 2025 English Curriculum and Assessment Review, this commentary reflects on the relationship between geogr...

Real-world adjunctive use of an alpha-lactalbumin/sodium butyrate Food for Special Medical Purposes in drug-resistant epilepsy: the multicentre retrospective ARMILLA study

The purpose of this study was to describe real-world adjunctive use, tolerability, and hypothesis-generating seizure and multidomain outcomes of LALBAAY, an alpha-lactalbumin/sodium butyrate Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP), in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE)....

School Exclusion as a Partial Mediator Between Autism and Adolescent Mental Health

Abstract Purpose This study investigated whether school exclusion during secondary school mediates the association between Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) and adolescent internalising and externalising mental health difficulties. Methods We analysed data from the UK Millennium C...

Test-retest reliability of plasma biomarkers and digital cognitive metrics at clinically meaningful timescales

Abstract Background Digital cognitive testing and plasma biomarkers have emerged as key players for population screening and measuring drug efficacy in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Understanding test-retest reliability of these tools is essential to estimate mean...

White matter dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: a convergence or divergence of hypotheses

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease with several key hypotheses centred around its pathological hallmarks, including amyloid and tau and other mechanisms, such as vascular dysfunction. Revised criteria for AD diagnosis reflects these hypotheses and inclu...

Microbial keratitis management through the lens of pharmacy attendants in Siraha district of Nepal: A study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices

Background Microbial keratitis (MK) is endemic in many developing countries including Nepal and is a preventable cause of blindness. Many Nepalese rely on community pharmacies or medical shops as their primary source of healthcare. This study explored the knowledge and experience...

Self-regulated immune-neurovascular bone repair scaffold via functional surface features

Given specific microenvironment of bone repair, the novel implant endowed with self-regulated bone healing procedure was the representative trend of bio-functional decoration. Inspired by the microstructure and chemical composition of natural bone, bioactive calcium titanate coat...

Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Mice Following Exposure to Dolutegravir Alone or in Combination with Lamivudine or Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine

Abstract Background and Aims Dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimens are widely used in HIV treatment, including during pregnancy, but the contribution of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone on maternal and foetal outcomes remains unclear. We examined this in...

Implementing an integrated care pathway for unaccompanied children and young people seeking asylum: a qualitative evaluation of implementation barriers, enablers and acceptability

Unaccompanied children and young people seeking asylum are a highly vulnerable patient group with complex social, physical and mental health needs. Integrated care pathways hold promise for improving care access, coordination and outcomes across fragmented health and social care...

An Interactive Database of ADAMTS13 Variants Yields Novel Insight into Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is caused by pathogenic variants in ADAMTS13. Despite the continual expansion of genetic data, there remains no comprehensive, accessible database of ADAMTS13 variation available for clinicians and researchers. We performed a...