The University of Sydney

Indices of obesity, malnutrition and inflammation are strong predictors of mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes: the FIELD study

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Metabolic risk in type 2 diabetes is not fully captured by standard clinical measures. Use of NMR-based metabolomic indices may enhance risk prediction, but their role in individuals with type 2 diabetes is unresolved. Methods We analysed data from 9550 a...

Macular neovascularisation subtype determines visual consequences of early fibro-atrophic remodelling in neovascular AMD: PRECISE study report 11

Abstract Purpose To evaluate whether baseline well-delineated hyperreflective material (wdHRM) is associated with short-term visual outcome in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), whether this association differs by macular neovascularisation (MNV)...

Early Macular Leakage Resolution Is Associated with Extended Faricimab Dosing in Retinal Vein Occlusion: A BALATON/COMINO Post Hoc Analysis

Macular leakage (ML) is a biomarker of disease activity and, in retinal vein occlusion (RVO), is associated with poor vision outcomes. Faricimab, a dual angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy and durability in RVO....

RESTORATION OF NATIVE PASSIVE KINEMATIC PATTERNS THROUGH FUNCTIONAL ALIGNMENT IN CRUCIATE-RETAINING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore knee function, with increasing focus on obtaining medial stability to promote medially pivoting kinematics. Abnormal translation patterns have been linked to altered kinematics and reduced patient satisfaction. Polyethyle...

Supporting young children impacted by trauma: A mixed-methods study of early childhood professionals’ trauma-informed knowledge, confidence and wellbeing

Despite growing awareness of the prevalence and impacts of childhood trauma, the understanding of early childhood professionals’ preparedness to work with trauma-impacted children is limited. This study aimed to explore early childhood professionals’ professional capacity (knowle...

Diversity and Plasticity of Hydraulic Traits Across a Relative Moisture Supply Gradient: Results From Multiple Common Gardens

ABSTRACT Maintaining cellular hydration is essential for plant metabolic activity and carbon gain. Plants typically maintain hydration through efficiency of water transport networks, the ability to avoid network disruption, and retention of water via accumulation of osmotica. Giv...

Pharmacists’ role in recognising medication-related oral health risks in aged care: a qualitative study of pharmacists’ and dentists’ perspectives

Abstract Introduction Medication-related oral health complications, including salivary gland hypofunction, xerostomia, dental caries, candidiasis, mucosal injury, and swallowing difficulties, are common among older adults exposed to polypharmacy across aged-care and broader clini...

Prevention and Management of Tooth Discolouration of Endodontic Origin ( DEO ): A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

ABSTRACT Background Tooth discolouration of endodontic origin (DEO) refers to an undesirable change in tooth colour arising from the pulp space as a result of reactive physiological processes, pathological processes or endodontic procedures and materials. As DEO frequently affect...

Heads or tails: selective body part feeding by scavengers across species and season

Abstract Many wild species regulate their nutritional intake and respond dynamically to nutritional stressors, yet little is known about the targeted feeding behaviours of carnivorous scavengers—specifically, which body parts they consume. Using camera traps to monitor 40 experim...

Oral health education in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomised controlled trial of face-to-face and digital interventions

Despite the evidence supporting an association between oral disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), oral health as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular health is rarely addressed. This randomised clinical trial (1:1:1) evaluated whether oral health education improves ora...

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of vitamin D deficiency in preterm and low birth weight infants

RATIONALE: Infants born prematurely or low birth weight (LBW) are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency, poor bone health and rickets. Uncertainty exists regarding the need, dose and duration of vitamin D supplementation in preterm and LBW infants. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the...

Same-day discharge appendicectomy protocol (SDAP): implementation and outcomes from an Australian prospective study

Acute appendicitis is one of the three most common causes for emergency admission for which many patients with uncomplicated appendicectomies require minimal post-operative care. International studies have demonstrated same-day discharge appendicectomy protocols as a safe managem...

Insomnia treatment preferences of older adults and people living with dementia: A qualitative study

BackgroundInsomnia is common in people living with dementia and older adults. While clinical guidelines recommend non-pharmacological treatment as first-line therapy, insomnia is often managed with benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRAs), which carry a significant risk of medica...

Harnessing plasmid structures to track their movement and evolution

Plasmid evolution is shaped by the actions of translocatable elements (TEs) such as insertion sequences and transposons. TEs can drastically alter plasmid structures through insertion, deletion, inversion or cointegration events, or by serving as substrates for homologous recombi...

Enteric methane mitigation in calves fed pyromellitic diimide: a pilot study

Context Evaluating diets to reduce methane production in calves. Aims To determine whether diets with different combinations of pyromellitic diimide (PMDI), monensin, and fumaric acid would reduce methane concentrations and provide a production benefit without adverse outcomes in...

Stochastic Reproduction Number and Ergodicity of a Saturated-Incidence SIHR Rumor Model with Optimal Control

This paper develops a stochastic susceptible–infected–hesitating–removed (SIHR) rumor model with Hill-type saturated incidence and compartment-specific Brownian perturbations. The model focuses on when environmental noise changes a rumor’s deterministic fate and how long-run beha...

Long‐Term Health‐Related Quality of Life After Jaw Reconstruction With Fibula Free Flaps Using Primary Endosseous Implants and Buried Skin Grafts to Facilitate Implant‐Retained Dental Prostheses

ABSTRACT Background Data on health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) is indispensable in understanding patient outcomes following jaw reconstruction. This study aims to evaluate long‐term HRQoL using validated patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) following jaw reconstruction u...

Lived experience leadership in cancer research: a scoping review of conceptual definitions, roles, responsibilities, and impacts

Abstract Background The meaningful integration of lived experience expertise into cancer research is increasingly recognized as essential to improving research relevance, quality, and impact. However, the extent to which people with lived experience of cancer hold leadership role...

Isolated physical activity programs during pregnancy and postpartum: Meta-analysis of randomized trials with usual-care controls on depressive and anxiety symptoms

OBJECTIVE: This study systematically evaluated the isolated effects of physical activity on depressive and anxiety symptoms during the perinatal period. METHODS: This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022301284) and conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handb...

Library strategies differentially shape microbial, functional, and host signals in clinical metagenomic sequencing

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is increasingly used in infectious disease diagnostics, yet how library preparation shapes the microbial, functional, and host signals recovered from clinical samples remains poorly defined. Here, we performed a within-sample parallel...