The University of Sydney

Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin are consistent across polypharmacy burden in CKD: the CREDENCE trial

Abstract Background Polypharmacy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is substantial. Clinicians and patients are often reluctant to add medications to already complex regimens, partly due to concerns about diminishing efficacy and increased adverse effects. We assessed whether effica...

Relationship between data bias and model fairness in machine learning

Ensuring fairness in machine learning (ML) applications remains a critical challenge, particularly in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, finance, and criminal justice. Bias in training data is widely considered a key driver of unfair outcomes. However, the relationship betwe...

Potential Neonatal Donors in Australia: A National Cohort Study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neonatal organ donation could significantly expand the deceased donor pool, but referral pathways and acceptance criteria remain highly variable worldwide and determination of neurological death in neonatal patients has traditionally been considered chal...

Analytical design solutions for shear buckling of thin plates with edge-stiffened holes

This paper studies the elastic shear buckling behaviour of cold-formed steel plates with edge-stiffened central holes of three different shapes (circular, square, and diamond) and proposes simplified approximation formulae for design use. The analysis is conducted utilizing the f...

Weighted sliced inverse regression for scalable supervised dimensionality reduction of spatial transcriptomics data

Abstract With the dramatic take-up of spatially resolved transcriptomics biotechnologies, performing spatially-aware analysis of the resulting data is crucial to maximise advances in biological understanding. Dimensionality reduction is a first step in almost any analysis of spat...

Prevalence of anemia by causes, and severity in different age groups in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background: Anemia continues to be a significant public health concern in India, affecting various age groups and carrying substantial economic and health burdens. In India, nutritional anemia, predominantly from iron deficiency, is a significant challenge to public heal...

Achieving high piezoelectric response and elevated Curie temperature in Sm-modified PMN–PH–PT ceramics: A full-matrix characterization

Abstract Pb-based ferroelectric ceramics face a fundamental trade-off between high piezoelectric response (d33) and low Curie temperature (Tc). Here, we demonstrate that combining Sm-doping with a high-Tc PbHfO3 (PH)-based ternary matrix can effectively shift this balance. A seri...

Bayesian Descriptions are not Mechanisms: Predictive Processing and the Realisation Gap in Embodied Neural Dynamics

Abstract Predictive processing casts perception, action, and learning as probabilistic inference. This paper asks when a Bayesian description identifies a mechanism. I distinguish computational description, algorithm, and physical implementation. Mechanism requires a causal mappi...

A qualitative analysis to identify implementation strategies for a deprescribing clinical practice guideline using the CFIR-ERIC Matching Tool: perspectives from consumers and professional stakeholders

Abstract Introduction Deprescribing is the planned withdrawal or dose reduction of medicines when harms outweigh benefits or when they are no longer required. Following publication of the Clinical Practice Guideline for Deprescribing in Older People in September 2025, supporting...

Estuarine benthic diversity declines with temperature across a tropical–temperate gradient

Estuarine benthic sediments are important habitats that support ecosystem health and productivity, but the drivers of large‐scale patterns in benthic diversity are not well documented. Using 18S amplicon sequencing of 425 sediment DNA samples from estuaries spanning 20° of latitu...

Retrieval Augmented Generation for Relative Distance-based Spatial Reasoning

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to various real-world tasks, many of which require spatial reasoning, like pattern-based spatial search, Point of Interest (POI) recommendation, and itinerary or travel planning. However, on their own LLMs have been shown to lack reliab...

Ultrasound Archiving in the Emergency Department: Implementation, Governance and 4‐Year Outcomes at an Australian Tertiary Emergency Department

OBJECTIVE: Image archiving is one of the least developed aspects of emergency department ultrasound (ED-US) in Australasia, despite its recognised role in governance, education, quality assurance (QA) and medicolegal protection. A middleware-based ED-US image workflow solution wa...

Ready to begin: driving towards the best and steering away from the worst in road pricing policy reform

Declining revenue from traditional road funding sources, rising infrastructure costs, and the transition to electric vehicles have increased the urgency of road user charging reform as a key demand management strategy. While such schemes can improve transport system efficiency by...

A Modified Delphi Study on the Ethics and Governance of Live Injecting at Aesthetic Conferences. Is There a Better and Safer Alternative?

BACKGROUND: Live clinical demonstrations at aesthetic medicine conferences is common, yet concerns regarding patient safety, commercial influence, and ethical governance. This study established a consensus-based governance framework for live injecting and compared expert and atte...

Psychosocial interventions in childhood dementia: a call for action

Abstract Childhood dementia (CD) is a complex, rare, often under-recognised, and incurable neurogenetic group of disorders with neuromotor-behavioural symptoms and poor survival outcomes. Despite profound impacts, CD remains neglected and underfunded compared to other paediatric...

A Double‐Blind Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial of the Effect of Blue‐Enriched Ambient Light on Sleep in Older Adults With Sleep Disturbance: The CleverLights Study

ABSTRACT Light interventions have been investigated for treating sleep disturbances in older adults; however, findings are mixed. This proof‐of‐concept trial investigated the effect of blue‐enriched ambient light on electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep in older adults with self‐re...

Contrasting carbon and nitrogen burial in pristine vs. impacted mangrove sediments

Mangrove forests are critical ecosystems that sequester carbon and nitrogen in their sediments and regulate coastal biogeochemical cycles. However, rapid degradation due to urban expansion, deforestation, and industrial development may impact their carbon and nitrogen burial capa...

Are Group Interventions Effective at Improving Health Outcomes in Culturally And Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Populations With Chronic Conditions? An Umbrella Review

Abstract Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations experience disproportionate burdens of chronic disease compared to the general population; previous research demonstrated group-based interventions improve health outcomes across various chronic conditions. This um...

Multimodal fusion of complementary material representations for generalizable and interpretable property prediction

Material properties often depend on coupled compositional, structural, and geometric factors that are incompletely captured by any single representation. We introduce interpretable multimodal fusion (IM-Fuse), a framework that integrates compositional descriptors, crystal graphs,...

Milvexian with Antiplatelet Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome Event

BackgroundPatients are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events after an acute coronary syndrome event. Milvexian, an oral factor XIa inhibitor, may reduce the risk of major adverse clinical events with minimal bleeding risk. MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized, placebo-con...