The University of Sydney

Bayesian Descriptions are not Mechanisms: Predictive Processing and the Realisation Gap in Embodied Neural Dynamics

Abstract Predictive processing casts perception, action, and learning as probabilistic inference. This paper asks when a Bayesian description identifies a mechanism. I distinguish computational description, algorithm, and physical implementation. Mechanism requires a causal mappi...

Psychosocial interventions in childhood dementia: a call for action

Abstract Childhood dementia (CD) is a complex, rare, often under-recognised, and incurable neurogenetic group of disorders with neuromotor-behavioural symptoms and poor survival outcomes. Despite profound impacts, CD remains neglected and underfunded compared to other paediatric...

Ready to begin: driving towards the best and steering away from the worst in road pricing policy reform

Declining revenue from traditional road funding sources, rising infrastructure costs, and the transition to electric vehicles have increased the urgency of road user charging reform as a key demand management strategy. While such schemes can improve transport system efficiency by...

Retrieval Augmented Generation for Relative Distance-based Spatial Reasoning

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to various real-world tasks, many of which require spatial reasoning, like pattern-based spatial search, Point of Interest (POI) recommendation, and itinerary or travel planning. However, on their own LLMs have been shown to lack reliab...

A Modified Delphi Study on the Ethics and Governance of Live Injecting at Aesthetic Conferences. Is There a Better and Safer Alternative?

BACKGROUND: Live clinical demonstrations at aesthetic medicine conferences is common, yet concerns regarding patient safety, commercial influence, and ethical governance. This study established a consensus-based governance framework for live injecting and compared expert and atte...

A Double‐Blind Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial of the Effect of Blue‐Enriched Ambient Light on Sleep in Older Adults With Sleep Disturbance: The CleverLights Study

ABSTRACT Light interventions have been investigated for treating sleep disturbances in older adults; however, findings are mixed. This proof‐of‐concept trial investigated the effect of blue‐enriched ambient light on electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep in older adults with self‐re...

Ultrasound Archiving in the Emergency Department: Implementation, Governance and 4‐Year Outcomes at an Australian Tertiary Emergency Department

OBJECTIVE: Image archiving is one of the least developed aspects of emergency department ultrasound (ED-US) in Australasia, despite its recognised role in governance, education, quality assurance (QA) and medicolegal protection. A middleware-based ED-US image workflow solution wa...

Estuarine benthic diversity declines with temperature across a tropical–temperate gradient

Estuarine benthic sediments are important habitats that support ecosystem health and productivity, but the drivers of large‐scale patterns in benthic diversity are not well documented. Using 18S amplicon sequencing of 425 sediment DNA samples from estuaries spanning 20° of latitu...

Contrasting carbon and nitrogen burial in pristine vs. impacted mangrove sediments

Mangrove forests are critical ecosystems that sequester carbon and nitrogen in their sediments and regulate coastal biogeochemical cycles. However, rapid degradation due to urban expansion, deforestation, and industrial development may impact their carbon and nitrogen burial capa...

TESS Observations of Stochastic Low-frequency Variability in Extreme Helium Stars

Abstract Extreme helium stars (EHes) are low-mass hydrogen-deficient stars thought to be the products of double white dwarf mergers. Despite prolonged ground-based observations, there is no consensus on the properties of their photometric variability. In this article, we present...

Multimodal fusion of complementary material representations for generalizable and interpretable property prediction

Material properties often depend on coupled compositional, structural, and geometric factors that are incompletely captured by any single representation. We introduce interpretable multimodal fusion (IM-Fuse), a framework that integrates compositional descriptors, crystal graphs,...

Are Group Interventions Effective at Improving Health Outcomes in Culturally And Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Populations With Chronic Conditions? An Umbrella Review

Abstract Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations experience disproportionate burdens of chronic disease compared to the general population; previous research demonstrated group-based interventions improve health outcomes across various chronic conditions. This um...

Milvexian with Antiplatelet Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome Event

BackgroundPatients are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events after an acute coronary syndrome event. Milvexian, an oral factor XIa inhibitor, may reduce the risk of major adverse clinical events with minimal bleeding risk. MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized, placebo-con...

Mapping spatiotemporal soil temperature using physics-informed neural networks with the heat transfer equation

Soil temperature (ST) plays a critical role in regulating biogeochemical processes in soils, yet its spatiotemporal mapping remains a challenge. Existing ST maps are largely derived from land-surface models and are typically available only at coarse spatial resolutions, limiting...

Resection Margin Status, Recurrence Pattern, and Salvageability After Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

Abstract Background The prognostic significance of margin status after colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) resection remains debated in the era of effective systemic therapy. This study examined the prognostic meaning of microscopically positive (R1) margins, focusing on recurrenc...

What have we learned about Australia’s swampy meadows? a literature review

Abstract Scientists coined the term ‘swampy meadows’ over thirty years ago to describe a type of low-energy, discontinuous watercourse found in the valley fills of Southeastern Australia. Swampy meadows are believed to provide important ecosystem services, such as wildlife conser...

Purpose-built WAAM 316L benchmark walls for thermo-mechanical calibration and strain-based hardness prediction

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of 316L generates complex thermal cycles, distortion and work hardening that are difficult to validate in 3D. Hence, in this paper, we design, build and fully characterise two benchmark walls (two-layer and three-layer) expressly for calibra...

Efficacy of D-Mannose in the Management of Urinary Tract Infections: From Acute Treatment to Long-term Prophylaxis — A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of D-mannose for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), including in kidney transplant recipients, and to clarify discrepancies between early openlabel and placebo-controlled trials.Materials and Methods: PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL (C...

HITH4HIPs: a feasibility trial of hospital in the home after hip fracture

In Australia, as in many other jurisdictions, people with low-trauma hip fractures often stay in hospital for extended periods, even when medically stable, increasing risk of hospital-related complications and increasing healthcare costs. In this context, we sought to determine t...

Cultural determinants and strategic priorities for medication safety in acute care: a multidisciplinary Delphi study

Abstract Background Organisational culture, defined as the shared values, assumptions, and norms that influence behaviour within organisations, is widely recognised as a key determinant of patient safety in healthcare systems. Within acute care settings, medication safety represe...