Sapienza University of Rome

Algorithmic imaginaries: Definition and critical questions

Algorithmic systems play an increasingly central role across a variety of social domains. Over the last few years, various concepts have been developed in the interdisciplinary field of algorithm studies to understand how people make sense of these systems and interact with them...

Engineered PEA-producing Lactobacillus paracasei F19 prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice by modulating inflammatory–angiogenic signaling and beneficially reshapes gut microbiota composition

Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) arises from the interplay between chronic inflammation, epithelial dysregulation, angiogenesis, and microbiota alterations. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator with anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties...

Genetic characterization of suspected hereditary melanoma in a Central Italy cohort

Approximately 5–12% of cutaneous melanomas arise in a familial context, suggesting hereditary predisposition. Our analysis aims to investigate the clinical and genetic background of melanoma patients living in the Lazio area with a personal and/or family history of melanoma or ot...

Burden of Disease in Pediatric Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia: A Literature Review

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an ultra-rare, paraneoplastic syndrome caused by tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In children, TIO may be mistaken for more common causes of rickets and osteomalacia, including monogenic forms, leading to long diagnostic de...

Use of a nanosecond Q-switched 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser for photoaging management in Asian skin: a retrospective study

Facial wrinkles are a major concern in aesthetic dermatology, particularly in patients with darker phototypes, in whom laser treatments require careful parameter selection to minimize pigmentary adverse events. This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness and tolerability...

A Modified Delphi consensus on early management of combined cardiovascular risk factors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes in Italy

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex chronic disease often associated with other metabolic conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and early mortality. Hence, early, integrated management of T2D may prevent long-term CV complications. METHODS: T...

The salience of the stop signal affects triggering and latency of response inhibition across species: findings from a Bayesian approach

The visual salience of a stop signal influences inhibitory performance. In Stop Signal Task, increasing stop signal salience decreases the latency of the inhibitory process (Stop Signal Reaction Time, SSRT). However, traditional SSRT estimation methods do not account for trigger...

Methodology to identify ecologically matching areas and its applications in conservation planning

Identifying ecologically matching areas is both challenging and critical for understanding spatial patterns of biodiversity and advancing conservation planning. However, existing approaches often lack spatial flexibility, overlook shape and size constraints, or rely on limited en...

Reliability and construct validity of the Italian EQ-5D-5 L in Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) substantially affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The EQ-5D-5 L is a preference-based patient-reported outcome measure that supports cross-condition comparison and health-economic evaluation, but its measurement properties...

MolecularStriptease of a Thiadiazolopyrimidine HitYields a Streamlined, Artifact-Free NADPH Mimic for NOX Inhibition

Abstract The convergence of oxidative stress and inflammation drives neurodegeneration and cancer, positioning NADPH oxidases (NOXs) as critical therapeutic targets. Starting from the polyfunctional thiadiazolopyrimidine hit 1, we systematically truncated its peripheral arms to m...

Meaning, Opacity, and Function: An Observer-Relative Classification of Artifacts

Every working epistemic system – a research group, a software stack, a model with its operators – holds artifacts it uses without understanding: models invoked through interfaces, cryptographic routines run as black boxes, legacy code executed daily. Whether an artifact is unders...

Inside and outside the body space: a study on environmental knowledge, interoceptive and functional body representations in the prodromal stage of dementia

BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in identifying sensitive cognitive markers for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Spatial navigation has emerged as a promising marker, as impairments in both egocentric and allocentric navigation have been reported in precli...

Association between candidate genes and FRAX scores in postmenopausal women

Abstract Purpose Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with BMD and bone fracture risk. The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between FRAX scores and specific SNPs in Italian osteopenic and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Methods We...

Multi-objective optimization of seismic upgrading interventions in existing RC buildings

Existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures designed before the implementation of modern seismic codes often exhibit inadequate seismic performances and high vulnerability to earthquake-induced damage. Seismic retrofitting is therefore crucial for addressing construction deficie...

Esculentin-1aDerived Peptides Potentiate CeftazidimeActivity against Multidrug-Resistant KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a major clinical threat due to the multidrug-resistant phenotype of this Gram-negative bacterium and to the limited available therapeutic options. Currently, antimicrobial peptides are regarded as promising candida...

Ferdinandea Island and Graham Bank, Sicily Channel: An Integrated Historical, Geological and Geomorphological Synthesis of a Shallow Submarine Monogenetic Volcanic Field

Ferdinandea Island, part of a shallow-water submarine volcanic field, emerged in the Sicily Channel between Italy and Tunisia in July 1831 and was eroded below sea level within months; its submerged remnant forms the shallowest water depth region of Graham Bank. Here, we review n...

Is robotic colorectal surgery worth the cost? An umbrella review integrating clinical outcomes, learning curve, and economic evidence

Robotic technology has progressively expanded within colorectal surgery owing to its enhanced instrument articulation and superior operative visualization. Despite these technical benefits, its adoption remains constrained by concerns regarding acquisition and procedural costs. F...

Meaning, Opacity, and Function: An Observer-Relative Classification of Artifacts

Every working epistemic system – a research group, a software stack, a model with its operators – holds artifacts it uses without understanding: models invoked through interfaces, cryptographic routines run as black boxes, legacy code executed daily. Whether an artifact is unders...

Modelling air pollution concentrations via spatio-temporal Bayesian quantile regression

Abstract Exposure to high air pollution levels, especially in urban contexts, is a major risk factor for human health. Most models in literature, however, focus on the bulk of the distribution, and only few address its extremes, such as the right tail. In this work, we apply a Ba...

Heart Rate Variability in Heart Failure: Mechanisms, Prognostic Value and Modulation Strategies

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive marker of cardiac autonomic regulation that reflects the dynamic interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on the sinoatrial node. Reduced HRV is a hallmark of autonomic dysfunction and has been consistently asso...