Northwestern University

Self-Monitoring Theranostic Nanomaterials for Biomedical Imaging and Cancer Therapy: Real-Time Visualization of Biodistribution, Payload Release, and Therapeutic Response

Theranostic nanomedicines integrate therapeutic delivery with diagnostic imaging, but many conventional platforms primarily visualize nanocarrier localization and provide limited information on whether the therapeutic payload has been released, the intended treatment mechanism ha...

Tracing the Cosmic Origins: Machine Learning Reconstruction of the Primordial Density Field from EoR Observations

Abstract Reconstructing the initial conditions of the Universe from late-time tracers would unlock cosmological information buried by non-linear structure formation and astrophysics. We reconstruct the initial density field corresponding to z = 300, with its linear amplitude extr...

c-Myc Links TGF-β Signaling to Metabolic Control of HIV Reactivation in OM10.1 Cells

Background/Objectives: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV replication but does not eliminate persistent viral reservoirs, which can rapidly reseed viremia following treatment interruption. We previously showed that blockade of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) sign...

Characterizing In-Home Safety Challenges and Strategies for Children With Medical Complexity

OBJECTIVES: Medical advances have allowed more children with medical complexity (CMC) to live at home, but previous research has linked implanted tubes to patient safety events. We aimed to characterize challenges and strategies parents use to deliver their children's tube-relate...

Development of Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures for Early Systemic Sclerosis Across Disease Subtypes

OBJECTIVE: Existing patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures for systemic sclerosis (SSc) have important limitations, including inadequate coverage of early disease and limited inclusion of diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous (lcSSc) subtypes. This paper reports on the...

Exploration of the genetic architecture of ANCA-associated vasculitis

Background Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a complex autoimmune disease with distinct clinical and serological subtypes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several susceptibility loci, particularly within the major h...

Machine Learning on Heterogeneous, Edge, and Quantum Hardware for Particle Physics

The next generation of particle physics experiments will face an era of challenges in data acquisition, due to unprecedented data rates and volumes along with extreme environments and operational constraints. Harnessing these data for scientific discovery demands real-time infere...

Kynurenine Pathway Activation is Associated with Poor Sleep Efficiency in Men With HIV

Background: Sleep disturbances are common in people with HIV, yet the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Chronic immune activation in HIV can induce the tryptophan-kynurenine (TK) pathway, which both reduces melatonin synthesis and increases production of...

Perspectives on Gender Equity: A National Survey of Pediatric Hospital Medicine Division Leaders

OBJECTIVE: To assess pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division leaders' perspectives on gender equity in their divisions and organizations. METHODS: In 2025, we conducted a cross-sectional Research Electronic Data Capture survey distributed via email to 236 PHM division leaders....

Care of the Sexual or Gender Minority Community Living with Cystic Fibrosis: A Survey of United States and Canadian Multidisciplinary Health Care Providers

PURPOSE: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, or another sexual or gender minority (LGBTQIA+) people face health inequities and commonly report health care avoidance. We examined how multidisciplinary subspecialist providers care for LGBTQIA+ people with...

Combining Content Validation and Cognitive Interviewing: A Methodological Approach for New Instrument Development

Critiques of traditional content validation is its limitation to a positivist approach to quantifying a question's relevance while cognitive interviewing is labor and resource-intensive. The purpose of this study is to describe a novel approach to developing a new survey instrume...

Gaps in diabetes care among people living with HIV and hypertension in Botswana: A cross‐sectional analysis of the InterCARE study

Abstract Objectives Data on diabetes screening and monitoring, within HIV care programmes in sub‐Saharan Africa, remain limited. This study describes the quality of diabetes screening and management among people living with HIV with comorbid hypertension receiving care at facilit...

Guideline‐Directed Treatment Eligibility and Burden of Untreated Stage‐1 Hypertension Under the 2025 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline: Insights From NHANES 2015 to 2020

Background Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Adoption of the Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events risk model in the 2025 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline may substantially alter the number and characteri...

Structural Softness–Rigidity Mediation Enables Multicolor Emission and Long‐Lived Phosphorescence in Hf/Zr Halides

ABSTRACT Multicolor fluorescence, typically favored by soft environments, and phosphorescence, which relies on rigid lattices to stabilize triplet excitons, are fundamentally incompatible and hard to coexist within a single material. Here, we report a crown–ether–directed lattice...

Structural Softness–Rigidity Mediation Enables Multicolor Emission and Long‐Lived Phosphorescence in Hf/Zr Halides

ABSTRACT Multicolor fluorescence, typically favored by soft environments, and phosphorescence, which relies on rigid lattices to stabilize triplet excitons, are fundamentally incompatible and hard to coexist within a single material. Here, we report a crown–ether–directed lattice...

From protogalaxy through thick and thin: Why did the Milky Way evolve in three kinematic phases?

Abstract APOGEE and Gaia data suggest the Milky Way’s kinematic structure evolved through three distinct phases: a disordered protogalaxy, which ‘spun up’ into a thick stellar disk, and then ‘cooled down’ to a final cold, thin stellar disk. We use a suite of FIRE-2 cosmological z...

Millimeter-Scale, Atomically Controlled 2D Topological Insulators Revealed by Multimodal Spectroscopy

Abstract Quantum spin Hall insulators, also known as 2D topological insulators, are crucial 2D systems hosting topologically protected edge states. The working temperature of this topological quantum phase is dictated by the inverted bandgap. However, the previously identified la...

Dystrophic changes of nigrostriatal axons harboring a SYNJ1 Parkinson’s mutation suggest catastrophic failure of endocytic mechanisms

Synaptojanin 1 is a brain enriched phosphoinositide phosphatase implicated in endocytosis at the synapse. A mutation (R258Q) that selectively impairs its Sac1 phosphatase domain causes early onset familial Parkinsonism. Neurons of mice with this mutation display synaptic vesicle...

Recent and Cumulative Cannabis Use and Sleep in Middle-Aged Adults

Importance Cannabis is widely used and often promoted as a sleep aid, but evidence of its long-term implications for sleep is limited. Objective To examine the associations of cumulative cannabis exposure from young adulthood to middle age and recent cannabis use with objective a...

A fast radio burst at redshift 2, three billion years after the Big Bang

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients from extragalactic sources. Their frequency and polarization properties are affected by plasma and magnetic fields along the line of sight to Earth. We report radio observations of FRB 20240304B and near-infrared...