Northwestern University

On variability in local field potentials

Abstract Neuronal coding and decoding would be compromised if neuronal responses were highly variable. Intriguingly, neuronal spike counts (SCs) show a reduction in across-trial variance (ATV) in response to sensory stimulation, when SC variance is normalized by SC mean, that is,...

Delayed submarine caldera subsidence creates extreme tsunami hazard

The 2022 Hunga volcano eruption generated one of the largest and most destructive volcanic tsunamis ever recorded. We interpret the timing, nature and relative hazard of volcanic-tsunamigenic processes by combining geophysical, oceanographic, atmospheric, and eye-witness observat...

Health Care Leaders’ Views About Remotely Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Services for High-Impact Chronic Pain

Chronic musculoskeletal pain remains a vexing clinical challenge, and health care systems have struggled to identify effective, scalable, and safe treatment alternatives to opioids and other higher-risk interventions. Remotely delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pa...

Does the National Resident Matching Program Rank List Predict Accreditation College of Graduate Medical Education Trainee Performance Among Multispecialty Pain Medicine Fellows? A Multicenter Study

Abstract Background Training programs seek to match fellows who will perform well during training. The National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) allows programs to choose the most capable trainees, with higher ranked applicants expected to perform better. Pain medicine is one of...

Strengthening research administration in low-resource settings: assessment of knowledge gain from a research administration workshop at Makerere University, Uganda

Abstract Background This manuscript will focus on a research administration skills-building workshop as part of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) G11 grant for administrative development, “Expanded Strengthening of Makerere University’s Research Administration Capacity Progra...

Mental Health Burden and Developmental Timing of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Adolescents and Young Adult Females: A Retrospective Cohort Study

POI and EOI are rare but impactful conditions among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Little is known about the timing and incidence of mental health (MH) conditions among AYAs diagnosed with POI/EOI. Data were collected using MarketScan Medicaid administrative claims among fe...

Comparative Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Blood Glucose Monitoring in Pregnancy With Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis

OBJECTIVE The value of adding continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to blood glucose monitoring (BGM) during pregnancy is unclear. PURPOSE To clarify CGM's role in pregnancy using meta-analysis, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) ratings, harm...

Authentication status and AI triage concordance among care seekers in a US health system

Online AI triage tools (symptom checkers) are widely deployed at the digital front door of US health systems, but little is known about how users’ pre-stated care intent aligns with the AI recommendation or how that alignment shapes downstream engagement. We conducted a prospecti...

Workload and Perceived Burden From a National Survey of Surgeons

Importance Surgeon workload is substantial, but data characterizing perceived burden are scarce, limiting workforce planning, surgeon well-being, and patient safety. Objective To characterize surgeon workload and factors associated with perceived burden. Design, Setting, and Part...

Cycle-by-cycle respiration waveforms are coupled with the shape of neural oscillations

Abstract Beyond sustaining life, breathing is a vital physiological rhythm that shapes cognition, perception, emotional regulation, and mental health. Breathing has a direct effect on neuronal excitability and is coupled to neural oscillations across a variety of brain regions. N...

Effect of Aficamten on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients with Symptomatic Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Aficamten significantly improved both functional capacity and patient-reported health status in patients with symptomatic nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled ACACIA-HCM trial (Assessment Comparing Aficamten to Place...

Can Information Design Resolve Electric Vehicle Charging Chaos?

Charging remains an obstacle to the mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), especially for long-distance travel. If many EV drivers take to the road around the same time, their "range anxiety" may create a self-fulfilling prophecy. As drivers anticipate uncertainty and congesti...

Higher holonomy for curved L∞-algebras 1: simplicial methods

We construct a natural morphism ρ from the nerve MC∙⁡(L)=MC⁡(Ω∙⊗^L) of a pronilpotent curved L∞-algebra L to the simplicial subset γ∙(L)=MC⁡(Ω∙⊗^L,s∙) of Maurer-Cartan element satisfying the Dupont gauge condition. This morphism equals the identity on the image of the inclusion γ...

Entangled States are Typically Incomparable

Abstract Consider a bipartite quantum system, where Alice and Bob jointly possess a pure state $$|\psi \rangle $$ | ψ ⟩ . Using local quantum operations on their respective subsystems, and unlimited classical communication, Alice and Bob may be able to transform $$|\psi \rangle $...

Structural Heart Interventions in Women with Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide a review of current transcatheter interventions in women with congenital heart disease, with a focus on sex-specific considerations in diagnosis, management, and follow-up. Recent Findings As the field of pediatric cardiology advances and pat...

Global Efficacy of Aficamten in Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Results From ACACIA-HCM

BACKGROUND: Nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (nHCM) is associated with significant morbidity with no approved treatment. Aficamten is a cardiac myosin inhibitor targeting excess contractility and diastolic impairment, the predominant mechanism responsible for adverse ou...

Aficamten for Symptomatic Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common condition that is associated with substantial morbidity and no proven medical therapy. Whether treatment with aficamten, a cardiac myosin inhibitor, can benefit patients with this condition is unknown. METHO...

Patients' perceptions of diet and exercise interventions for knee osteoarthritis and barriers to optimal treatment

BACKGROUND: Changing diet and exercise behaviors are first-line lifestyle interventions to treat knee osteoarthritis (OA), but many patients fail to adhere to recommended guidelines. OBJECTIVE: To determine the perceptions, trends and barriers related to healthy diet and exercise...

Variation in meningioma recurrence risk estimates across observational cohorts: the influence of calendar time, WHO classifications, geographical settings, and healthcare systems

Abstract Purpose Recurrence risk estimates underpin meningioma research, including molecular classification and clinical trial benchmarking, yet are often based on retrospective or historical data. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of recurrence risk estimates acr...

Reconceptualizing Cerebral Palsy as a Lifelong Condition Characterized by Systemic and Accelerated Biological Decline

Cerebral palsy (CP), the most common childhood-onset disability worldwide, affects an estimated 50 million individuals globally. Although most individuals with CP are adults, CP education and training remain heavily concentrated within pediatric subspecialties, contributing to su...