King's College London

Human cortical networks trade communication efficiency for computational reliability

Brains are often described as cost-efficient communication networks, optimally balancing the cost of long connections with the benefits of fast communication. Here, inspired by the "use it or lose it" principle, we present a novel game-theoretic model of self-organizing neural un...

Characteristics of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Anorexia Nervosa: Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia Nervosa in Twins (CREAT) Study

ABSTRACT Objective To characterise the clinical and phenotypic profile of the Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia nervosa in Twins (CREAT) cohort, identify candidate risk and illness‐related correlates of AN, and establish a foundation for forthcoming biological, neuroimag...

Robust inference and correlates from genetic associations with personality

Personality traits describe stable differences in how people think, feel and behave, and how they interact with and experience their social and physical environments1,2. Many questions remain unanswered about associations between DNA and personality traits, such as their robustne...

Food choices and beliefs in adults with inflammatory bowel disease in Sweden

Abstract Objectives Diet is a recognised risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a management strategy. Concerns persist regarding the adverse effects of restrictive diets, including nutritional deficiencies and selective eating. The impact of IBD on patients’ belief...

Analytical Valuation of Vulnerable Derivative Claims with Bilateral Cash Flows under Credit, Funding and Wrong Way Risk

We study the problem of valuing and hedging a vulnerable derivative claim with bilateral cash flows between two counterparties in the presence of asymmetric funding costs, defaults and wrong way risk (WWR). We characterize the pre-default claim value as the solution to a non-line...

9.4‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in focal epilepsy patients with high‐resolution surface‐based profiling of focal cortical dysplasias

Abstract Objective The detection of subtle epileptogenic lesions such as focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) is a clinical challenge in the management of drug‐resistant focal epilepsy (DRFE). Ultra‐high‐field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers increased signal‐to‐noise ra...

Theoretical insights into the electronic structure and NBO features driving nonlinear optical enhancement in the donor–π–acceptor system of OPPh3py

Abstract Organic materials capable of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) are of considerable interest for photonic, biophysics and medicine applications because of their strong nonlinear optical (NLO) responses and favourable electro-optic properties. In this work, diphenyl-[2-...

Moral Injury: A Systematic Review of Trauma Treatment Factors

Guilt, shame, and anger are widely recognized as core emotional features of moral injury. In the absence of a validated treatment for moral injury, understanding how patients respond to existing interventions is key. This systematic review assessed the impact of trauma treatments...

Elevated translocator protein in skull bone marrow is linked to human chronic pain

The skull bone marrow (SBM) is emerging as a critical hub for neuroimmune signaling, yet its role in chronic pain is unknown. Using integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, here, we show that the levels of 18-kilodalton translocator protein (TSPO), a pu...

Michael Derek Waterfield

Abstract Mike Waterfield was a biochemist with a passion for the application of state-of-the-art technology, and his developments in protein sequencing opened doors previously closed to the research community. Most profoundly, through the sequencing of platelet-derived growth fac...

Lernfähigkeit als Überlebensfähigkeit: Wie Deutschland in der Sicherheitspolitik besseres Lernen lernen kann

Zusammenfassung Der Artikel analysiert die Bedeutung des institutionellen Lernens und einer guten Fehlerkultur für die deutsche Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik. Zunächst fasst er den Forschungsstand zu den Möglichkeiten, Grenzen und Voraussetzungen erfolgreichen Lernens sowie einer...

Dysphagia care processes on acute stroke wards: an ethnographic study of barriers and facilitators relevant to stroke‐associated pneumonia

Introduction Dysphagia is associated with increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). The multifactorial pathophysiology of SAP and the interplay of care processes make it challenging to unpack which components are associated with risk of SAP. The aim of the research was...

Multiscale characterization of cortical signatures in positive and negative schizotypy:a worldwide ENIGMA study

Positive and negative schizotypy reflect distinct patterns of subclinical traits in the general population associated with neurodevelopmental and schizophrenia-spectrum pathologies. Yet, a comprehensive characterization of the unique and shared neuroanatomical signatures of these...

Development and validation of the personal recovery scale (ReConnect) for mental health in Ethiopia

Background: Socio-cultural context is crucial for conceptualising personal recovery in mental health, but existing measures are from Western, high-income countries. Aim: To develop and validate a mental health personal recovery measure for people with mental health conditions in...

Oral health and systemic health outcomes: A call for interdisciplinary action

Abstract Objectives To make the case, from periodontology and dental public health, for interdisciplinary action on oral and systemic health, and to set out recommendations for practice, policy, education, and research. Materials and Methods A joint working group of the European...

Autistic neural ‘shiftability’: the distinct pharmacological landscape of the autistic brain

Functionally inter-connected large-scale brain networks regulated by multiple neurotransmitter systems underpin complex human behaviour. A wide range of alterations in this neurofunctional landscape have been associated with autism. However, this evidence is mostly derived from c...

Kidney transplantation in older people (KTOP): a longitudinal, qualitative study of kidney transplant experiences in older, frail adults

Abstract Background Transplantation rates are increasing in those who are older and frail, driven by an aging dialysis population. This longitudinal, qualitative study explores how older adults navigate the journey from dialysis to transplantation and how frailty is experienced a...

‘It’s a bit like a legend where you have to tell it again and again’: disclosure practices in single father families via surrogacy

Aims/Background Research has shown that children born through surrogacy to heterosexual and gay couples are often told about this at an early age. However, to our knowledge no studies have explored how single fathers approach telling and talking about their route to parenthood wi...

Leveraging Foundation Models for the Characterisation of Small RNA Properties

ABSTRACT Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) provide a promising therapeutic approach capable of selectively silencing disease-associated genes; however, achieving high efficacy and specificity while minimising off-target effects remains a significant challenge. Endogenous small RNAs...

Overview of the re‐evaluation of trace elements as nutritional feed additives in the European Union : characterization, safety, and efficacy

The re-evaluation of feed additives in the European Union was outlined in the Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003. The primary objectives were to ensure safety and verify efficacy, as well as to update authorizations and phase out unsafe additives or those in which the industry expresse...