Johns Hopkins University

UHC Achievement and the Public Sector: A South Asian Perspective

Universal health coverage (UHC) remains a major challenge in South Asia despite substantial improvements in health outcomes, service coverage, and schemes for financial protection. This article examines UHC achievement in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, with pa...

Cannabis use and retention in telemedicine treatment for opioid use disorder: a retrospective cohort study

Cannabis use can be a barrier to treatment for opioid use disorder due to clinic policies in some settings requiring full abstinence to initiate or continue care. Telemedicine represents an important opportunity to expand treatment access. While there is conflicting evidence on t...

Opioid limiting law and opioid prescriptions among Medicaid-enrolled survivors of childhood cancer

Abstract Background Many U.S. states have enacted opioid-limiting laws to curb the opioid epidemic, often capping opioid prescriptions at seven days. How these laws affect opioid prescribing among long-term survivors of childhood cancer remains unclear. Methods Using Medicaid cla...

High-Field Specific Heat and Fundamental Superconducting Properties of the Single-Phase Type-II Superconductor V 3 Si

The specific heat data above the upper critical magnetic field H c2 , the angular dependence of H c2 , and fundamental superconducting parameters were consequently determined. The V 3 Si sample used in this research does not exhibit the structural transition and its high quality...

Clinical trial barriers in neurostimulation for pediatric drug‐resistant epilepsy

Abstract Objective The NeuroPace responsive neurostimulation (RNS) System effectively treats focal drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) in adults but lacks pediatric regulatory approval. Despite effective off‐label pediatric use, systemic device‐trial challenges have impeded label expan...

Hybrid Respiratory Dialysis for Ultra-Low Blood-Flow Extracorporeal CO2 Removal

Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO 2 R) has emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue to address the challenges of CO 2 accumulation during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Current COPD exacerbation interventions rely on invasive mechanical ven...

The Python simulations of chemistry framework: 10 years of an open-source quantum chemistry project

Over the past decade, the Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework (PySCF) has developed into a widely used open-source platform for electronic-structure theory and quantum chemical method development. This article reviews the major advances since the previous overview in...

Extreme Values of Black-hole-to-stellar-mass Ratio for High-redshift Galaxies

Abstract With recent data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), it is possible to calculate the mass of the supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies and the stellar mass of the host galaxies at redshift z ≳ 5. In this work, we apply extreme-value statistics to cal...

Mitigating artificial intelligence-related animal welfare risks in animal farming

In animal farming, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly promoted as a means to enhance productivity, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve animal welfare. However, discussion of the animal welfare risks arising from these technologies, particularly emerging generat...

Beyond Chronological Age: A Scoping Review of Neurosurgical Intervention for Central Nervous System Tumors in the Very Elderly

Adults aged 75 years or older are increasingly considered for neurosurgical treatment of primary central nervous system tumors, yet the evidence guiding treatment selection remains fragmented. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Web of Scienc...

“You Gotta Eat It to Survive”: A Mixed-Methods Study of the Perceived Food Environment and Food Choice Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to examine how the perceived food environment influences food choice among youth experiencing homelessness. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used with 14 youth experiencing homelessness (aged 18–23 years; 64% Black/Af...

Genetic Diagnosis in Epilepsy: Implications for Clinical Management

Purpose of Review To describe the clinical implications of genetic diagnoses in epilepsy and the recent advancements in this field. Recent Findings A genetic diagnosis in epilepsy has been shown to impact clinical management in almost half of individuals, often within three month...

Neuropharmacology of levamisole and its phase I metabolites: lack of evidence for levamisole-cocaine interactions

RATIONALE: The anthelmintic agent, levamisole, is a cocaine adulterant that causes serious adverse effects in humans. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain why levamisole is used as an adulterant. Here, we examined whether levamisole might enhance acute pharmacolog...

Biocompatible Microscale DNA Hydrogels with Programmable Swelling and Sequence-Specific Dissolution

Stimulus-responsive DNA hydrogels with swelling capabilities are a promising class of materials for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and biosensing. However, translation of these systems to microscale applications requires fabrication methods that are both biocompati...

Nascent chain folding feeds back on mRNA stability through the ribosome: Consequences for therapeutic mRNA design

In our recently published study in Molecular Cell,1 we describe a surveillance mechanism in which misfolding of the nascent chain slows the elongating ribosome and triggers co-translational decay of the mRNA encoding it (Figure 1). We propose that the ribosome-associated chaperon...

Development of biphoton entangled light spectroscopy (BELS) using Bell pairs

We introduce Biphoton Entangled Light Spectroscopy (BELS), a quantum spectroscopic technique that employs polarization-entangled Bell pairs and two-photon interference to probe material properties. In BELS, the measured signal arises not from single-photon intensities but from ch...

End processing in NHEJ by Polymerase λ and PNKP is coordinated during short-range synapsis

Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major pathway of DNA double strand break (DSB) repair, capable of directly joining both damaged strands of DNA through the coordinated activities of repair factors that detect the termini, physically bridge them together, and perform the che...

Prenatal exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter and fetal growth outcomes in the United States: Findings from the ECHO Cohort

Background: Increasing exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may pose unique risks to fetal development. We assessed associations between prenatal wildfire PM 2.5 exposure and fetal growth outcomes, including birth weight at term, birth weight for gestational age...

A patient-derived missense mouse model of Kabuki syndrome 1

Kabuki syndrome type 1 (KS1) is a rare cause of intellectual disability resulting from heterozygous pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the histone methyltransferase KMT2D. A previously established loss-of-function mouse model of KS1 exhibits key phenotypic features, and the...

Combining Small Aperture Approach and Toric Correction for Irregular Astigmatism Management

Purpose: Irregular astigmatism poses a challenge in cataract surgery due to its complex geometry and associated higher-order aberrations (HOAs), which limit the efficacy of conventional toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). IOLs featuring a small-aperture have shown promise in managin...