Johns Hopkins University

Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas on weight change among people with HIV: a real-world longitudinal cohort study

Obesity is common among people with HIV (PWH), yet evidence on weight loss with newer antidiabetic medications in this population is limited. We compared bodyweight change associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)...

Long-term outcomes and treatment cessation in patients with long term response to first line treatment of metastatic prostate cancer

Abstract Background and objective Approximately one third of men with metastatic prostate cancer die from causes other than prostate cancer. Little is known about the long-term outcomes of men with metastatic prostate cancer, in particular those who do not develop androgen pathwa...

Carbon starvation of Mycobacterium abscessus induces a non-replicating state with extensive proteomic remodeling

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium abscessus ( Mab ) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause chronic, debilitating lung disease. Mab is intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics, making Mab infections challenging to manage and frequently incurable. During infection, Mab adapts to survi...

PFKFB2 Gates a Relationship Between Cardiac Glycolytic Regulation and Electrophysiological Function

Abstract Background The cardiac isoform of phosphofructokinase-2/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB2) is the heart’s strongest glycolytic regulator but is degraded in the absence of insulin signaling. This makes PFKFB2 loss critical to understand in metabolic heart disease, of wh...

Presence of a trusted adult and adolescent health outcomes in Urban India

Adolescents in urban India face significant challenges in accessing healthcare and reliable health information, particularly during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of trusted adults in shaping adolescent health remains underexplored. This study examined he...

A case for expanding access to minimally invasive and uterine-preserving surgery in complex fibroid disease

McMurray et al. (2026) recently published a retrospective analysis of 550 patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy for uterine fibroids at a single specialist centre. The authors found that pati...

The Relationship Between Incarceration History and Dental Care and Oral Health in the United States: A Scoping Review

OBJECTIVES: To conduct a scoping review of observational quantitative studies examining the association between prior incarceration and (1) dental care use, (2) dental insurance coverage, and (3) oral health outcomes among US adults. METHODS: A search strategy was implemented acr...

Targeting RAS for Pancreatic Cancer Interception

Multiple strategies to target RAS are now available to treat pancreatic cancer. As pancreatic precancers also have KRAS mutations, these tools hold great promise for cancer interception.

Engineering Intelligent iPSC Biomanufacturing: Integrating Robotic Automation, AI, and Process Control

Scalable manufacturing of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is increasingly critical for regenerative medicine, high‐throughput drug discovery and screening, and advanced organ‐on‐chip systems and organoid models. However, conventional manual culture remains labor‐inte...

Between Hope and Harm: A Reflective Social Work Commentary in Pediatric Transplant Care

Pediatric healthcare depends on close collaboration among physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, child life specialists, therapists, interpreters, and transplant professionals. This reflect...

Oxygenation and perfusion in large vessel occlusion stroke: rethinking periprocedural management in the endovascular era

Acute ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. In patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO), endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has revolutionized care by achieving high rates of vessel recanalization. However, successful reperfusion does...

ProactiveAudioBench: Evaluating Condition-Driven Responses in Audio Streams

Audio assistants are moving from turn-based question answering toward continuous listening, where they must interpret incoming audio while deciding whether to respond or remain silent. Existing proactive benchmarks emphasize video and audiovisual interaction, while audio-centric...

A Functional Tensor Model for Dynamic Multilayer Networks with Common Invariant Subspaces and the RKHS Estimation

Dynamic multilayer networks are frequently used to describe the structure and temporal evolution of multiple relationships among common entities, with applications in fields such as sociology, economics, and neuroscience. However, exploration of analytical methods for these compl...

Five-country analysis of geographic and dietary drivers of gut microbiome composition and genomic variation

Abstract Human diet and lifestyle vary widely across cultures, shaping global diversity in gut microbiome composition and function. However, comparable cross-population studies have been limited by methodological heterogeneity. The Human Diets and Microbiome Initiative (THDMI) in...

Flourishing and the Future of US Medical School Admissions

US medical school admissions have been under increasing pressure from state and federal governments, while contending with the implications of the 2023 US Supreme Court decision that ended race-conscious admissions. Change is necessary, but few have offered ideas for how best to...

Multicenter dataset describing emotional intelligence and counseling self-efficacy among clinical pastoral education students in healthcare settings

Emotional intelligence (EI) and counseling self-efficacy (CSE) are widely regarded as core professional competencies for healthcare chaplains. However, evidence on whether Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) effectively develops these capacities remains limited. The parent study ge...

The Weight Management Hope Scale: Initial Validation of a Measure to Assess Goal‐Directed Thinking in Obesity Research and Practice

ABSTRACT Background Hope is a cognitive‐motivational construct associated with improved goal performance, yet it has been understudied in the domain of weight management. This study developed the Weight Management Hope Scale (WMHS) and evaluated its psychometric properties. Metho...

Chemical restraint in custody: national trends, clinical outcomes, and policy implications (2022–2025)

Chemical restraint in police-involved prehospital encounters remains a critical public health and human rights issue. Despite the formal rejection of “excited delirium” as a medical diagnosis by major professional organizations in 2022, sedative medications, particularly ketamine...

Influence of gut microbiota on immune responses and protection in volunteers receiving the live attenuated oral ETEC vaccine ACE527 followed by virulent ETEC H10407 challenge

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remains a major cause of diarrheal morbidity with no licensed vaccines. Role of gut microbiota in vaccine immunogenicity and protection was investigated using 16 S rRNA sequencing from the stool samples of 27 volunteers receiving two doses...

School-based hygiene intervention to prevent Helicobacter Pylori infection among children (SHIP HOPE): a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is a major cause of gastric cancer and is typically acquired during childhood. Preventing infection in uninfected children is a promising strategy; however, the effectiveness of hygiene-based interventions remains uncertain. This study aimed to d...