Cornell University

Discovery and Characterization of Inhibitors of Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Activating Enzyme 5 (UBA5): Targeting the UFMylation Pathway in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract UBA5 is the E1 enzyme that initiates UFMylation, a ubiquitin-like modification implicated in proteostasis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Here, we report a chemical biology approach to interrogate UBA5 function through small-molecule inhibition. We developed a robust hig...

Forecast-based attribution of the role of stratospheric variability in weather extremes

Abstract. Variability of the stratospheric polar vortex, particularly its dramatic breakdown during sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events, has been linked to a number of surface weather extremes. However, attributing the role of stratospheric variability in a specific observe...

Epidural 0.125% ropivacaine is safe but insufficient for induced tibiotarsal joint pain

Abstract Background Epidural injection of a low concentration of the local anaesthetic ropivacaine produces analgesia without neurological deficits or ileus in people. Objective To determine if epidural 0.125% ropivacaine mitigates induced hindlimb lameness in horses while preser...

History of divergence and gene flow shaping geographic variation in Andean warblers (Myioborus).

Studying how genetic variation is structured across space, and how it relates to divergence in phenotypic traits relevant to reproductive isolation, is important for our understanding of the speciation process. We used ddRAD-seq data to examine genetic variation across the distri...

Organic inputs and tillage differentially impact soil health and yield in rice–wheat systems in the eastern gangetic plain

The rice (Oryza sativa L.) – wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation is the dominant cropping system of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and is experiencing challenges from a variety of environmental and socio-economic factors. Organic matter cycling and zero-tillage (ZT) have been encourag...

High current ultrawide bandgap AlGaN pin diodes with low on-resistance and UVC emission

We report ultrawide-bandgap AlGaN pin diodes with high forward current density and deep-ultraviolet (DUV) electroluminescence signaling efficient carrier injection. The devices incorporate a 100 nm unintentionally doped intrinsic layer between polarization-doped n- and p-type reg...

Rollover motor vehicle crashes and occupant ejection: comparative analysis from a Middle Eastern trauma center

OBJECTIVES: Rollover motor vehicle crashes (ROCs) and occupant ejection (OE) are associated with worse outcomes. We studied the incidence, predictors, injury patterns, and outcomes of ROCs and OE in a rapidly developing country. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of the Q...

An argument for parsimony in differentiable hydrologic models

Abstract. Differentiable hydrologic models that use machine learning to infer parameters for process-based models show promise for both prediction and inference. However, these models are often developed with time-varying parameters, despite evidence that such flexibility can und...

Haplotype phasing of de novo chromosome-level assembly of ‘Antonovka’ facilitated the identification of candidate genes for apple scab resistance

Malus genomic resources with improved quality are becoming an integral part of candidate gene identification and functional validation. Recently, we released a reference-based phased chromosome-level genome assembly of ‘Antonovka’ 172670B Malus domestica cultivar from the ‘Antono...

Wnt Pathway Agonism as a Therapeutic Strategy for Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Narrative Review of Evidence to Date

Breakdown of the blood–retinal barrier (BRB) is implicated in many blinding retinal diseases, including diabetic macular edema, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, and retinal vein occlusion. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies or laser photoco...

Commensal bacteria inhibit viral infections via a tryptophan metabolite

Clinical outcomes following viral exposures exhibit substantial interindividual variability. Although developing evidence suggests commensal bacteria modulate viral infections, the specific bacteria and mechanisms remain underexplored. Here, we define a pathway by which viral inf...

Photoproximity labeling of c-Myc reveals SLK as a cancer-specific co-regulator

Transcription factors (TFs) have long been aspirational therapeutic targets for the treatment of diseases, as their dysregulation is a common mechanism for altered cell states. Despite this, many TFs implicated in disease have disordered structures and lack canonical binding pock...

One sum to rule them all: a second order master rate sum rule for charm decays

A bstract We show that within the Standard Model any system of hadronic weak charm decays related by U -spin satisfies the following rate sum rule: $$ \frac{\left(\mathrm{sum}\ \mathrm{of}\ \mathrm{CF}\ \mathrm{and}\ \mathrm{DCS}\ \mathrm{CKM}-\mathrm{free}\ \mathrm{rates}\right)...

Infectious complications following bispecific antibody or CAR T therapy in adult patients with hematologic malignancies: a retrospective database analysis

T-cell redirection therapies, including bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy, have transformed the treatment of relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. However, comparative data on infectious complications between these treatments r...

Understandingthe Electronic Structure of RutheniumOxides during Redox Cycling with High Energy Resolution X-rayAbsorption Spectroscopy

Abstract Ruthenium oxides are essential catalysts and charge storage materials whose performance across reactions, from the oxygen evolution reaction to the chlor-alkali process, depends critically on reversible Ru redox cycling and the associated electronic structure changes. Al...

Above Room Temperature Ferroelectricity in Epitaxially Strained KTaO 3

ABSTRACT Epitaxial strain is a powerful means to engineer emergent phenomena in thin films and heterostructures. Here, we demonstrate that , a cubic perovskite in bulk form, can be epitaxially strained into a highly tunable ferroelectric. films grown commensurate to (001) substra...

Outcomes of Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in a Low-Resource Setting

Importance: No study from a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) has reported long-term mortality and quality of life (QOL) after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI), highlighting its burden and recovery trajectories. Objectives: To measure short- and long-term mor...

Middle atmosphere chemical and dynamical effects in the CCMI-2022 stratospheric aerosol injection scenario

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) could slow surface warming, however, potential side effects include changes in stratospheric ozone and changes in regional surface temperatures and precipitation resulting from tropical lower stratospheric warming. Previous multi-mo...

Gut microbiota and complications in kidney transplantation: a balancing act between commensal and pathogenic bacteria

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent work has linked gut dysbiosis, an imbalance of commensal and pathogenic bacteria, to complications in kidney transplant recipients. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the gut microbiota's relationship to important complications in kidney transplan...

CAR T cell therapy beyond cancer: current status, challenges and future prospects

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized oncology, and its foundational logic-precise antigen recognition coupled with durable effector activity-extends naturally to chronic non-malignant diseases sustained by long-lived pathological cells. These include...