Research Briefs

Health & Medicine

Clinical research, public health and biomedicine — summarized conservatively, with evidence levels and limitations.

Articles in this section summarize medical research for general information. They are not medical advice, and every article shows its evidence level and limitations.

Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Review examines urinary leakage during sex in women and how it may have different causes
Health & Medicine
Moderate evidenceReview

Review examines urinary leakage during sex in women and how it may have different causes

This narrative review describes coital urinary incontinence—urine leakage that happens during sexual activity—in women. It explains why many cases may be underdiagnosed and discusses how leakage at different moments may relate to different underlying mechanisms. Because this is a review, it reflects and synthesizes existing research rather than providing new trial results.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: New analysis finds combined aerobic and strength training is linked to better outcomes in coronary heart disease
Health & Medicine
High evidenceReview

New analysis finds combined aerobic and strength training is linked to better outcomes in coronary heart disease

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether combined aerobic and resistance training (CART) affects exercise capacity, muscle strength, health-related quality of life, and mortality in people with coronary heart disease (CHD). Compared with non-exercising usual care, the analysis found CART was associated with improvements in several fitness and strength measures and a reduction in mortality. Compared with aerobic-only training and resistance-only training, CART showed additional benefits for some outcomes in pooled results.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: New analysis identifies risk factors for chronic kidney disease after unilateral kidney removal
Health & Medicine
High evidenceReview

New analysis identifies risk factors for chronic kidney disease after unilateral kidney removal

Researchers systematically reviewed and pooled data from 26 adult cohort studies on developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) after unilateral nephrectomy. Among adults with preserved preoperative kidney function (eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m²), several baseline factors—such as older age and diabetes—and surgical approach were associated with higher odds of incident CKD.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Study finds blood inflammation markers did not reliably predict antifungal resistance in vaginal yeast infections
Health & Medicine
Low evidenceHuman study

Study finds blood inflammation markers did not reliably predict antifungal resistance in vaginal yeast infections

Researchers studied whether circulating inflammatory biomarkers in blood track with antifungal susceptibility in women with culture-confirmed vulvovaginal candidiasis. In this retrospective observational cohort of 163 adults, most blood marker levels did not differ between women with antifungal-resistant versus susceptible Candida isolates. Overall, the findings suggest these markers may not be a substitute for direct antifungal susceptibility testing in this localized infection.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Study suggests video game experience may be linked with better laparoscopic surgical task performance
Health & Medicine
High evidenceReview

Study suggests video game experience may be linked with better laparoscopic surgical task performance

This systematic review examined whether surgeons’ prior video game experience is associated with better surgical performance. Across 15 studies with 641 participants, the review found signals of improved performance mainly for laparoscopic tasks, particularly before structured training interventions. Evidence for other (nonlaparoscopic) surgical modalities was not found as meaningful.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Researchers describe a real-world study of acoramidis use in adults with ATTR heart disease
Health & Medicine
Moderate evidenceHuman study

Researchers describe a real-world study of acoramidis use in adults with ATTR heart disease

ACO-REAL is an ongoing, prospective study designed to collect real-world information about acoramidis use in adults with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) in routine clinical practice. The study plans to enroll about 2,000 adults across 21 European countries and follow them for around 12 months. It aims to document patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and safety outcomes rather than test effectiveness in a controlled way.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Review examines why low blood sugar can happen after stomach surgery for gastric cancer
Health & Medicine
Moderate evidenceReview

Review examines why low blood sugar can happen after stomach surgery for gastric cancer

This narrative review discusses postgastrectomy hypoglycemia (PGH), a low-blood-sugar complication that can occur after stomach surgery for gastric cancer. It summarizes possible mechanisms, including hormone-related effects, and describes how continuous glucose monitoring may reveal symptoms that are not always obvious. The review emphasizes that medication evidence specifically for PGH is limited, so overall conclusions are cautious.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Study finds early-life sugar rationing is linked to slower aging and lower mortality
Health & Medicine
High evidenceReview

Study finds early-life sugar rationing is linked to slower aging and lower mortality

Researchers analyzed UK Biobank participants to study whether sugar exposure in the first 1,000 days of life is associated with aging-related health outcomes later. They report that early-life sugar rationing was associated with lower incidence of hallmark-related disease and lower all-cause mortality, along with indicators of younger biological age. These are observational associations and do not prove that changing sugar intake would produce these outcomes.

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