Research works

DVT v20: Superfluid Vacuum Acoustic Horizon and CMB First Acoustic Peak (l_1 = 220) Analysis

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy spectrum, specificallythe location of the first acoustic peak (l1 ≈ 220), is widely considered primary evidence forCold Dark Matter (CDM). In this paper, we demonstrate that the acoustic horizon and thefirst multipole p...

Agitation in dementia: Evidence-based consensus recommendations

Agitation is among the most disabling behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, contributing substantially to caregiver burden, institutionalization, and healthcare utilization. Considering the modest efficacy and significant adverse effects associated with psychotropic...

Adaptive Multi-Agent Vision-Language Retrieval Framework for Explainable Semantic Search in Long-Duration Surveillance Videos

Surveillance camera networks now generate volumes of footage that far exceed what human operators can review, yet the interfaces used to search that footage remain largely limited to manual scrubbing or, at best, retrieval of clips tagged with a fixed vocabulary of object and act...

The EnantioselectiveRing-Opening of Six-MemberedCyclic Iodonium Salts for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Diaryl EthersContaining Phosphinate Moiety

Abstract Construction of chiral compounds via the enantioselective ring opening of cyclic diaryliodonium salts represents a hot research topic in modern organic synthesis. In this work, an enantioselective ring-opening reaction of oxygen-fused six-membered cyclic diaryliodonium s...

Hepatoprotective Effects of Imeglimin Are Associated With Preserved Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Reduced Oxidative Stress in a Murine Cholestasis Model

PURPOSE: Biliary atresia is a cholestatic liver disease that causes persistent inflammation and reduces the hepatic reserve. New therapeutic concepts are crucial to improve native liver survival. We investigated whether imeglimin, a mitochondria-targeting agent, has hepatoprotect...

Addressing Medical Neglect in Children With Complex Chronic Conditions

In this issue of Pediatrics, Cleveland et al report a cross-sectional analysis of a 2-state, multiyear database of linked child protective services (CPS) and Medicaid claims data to characterize the prevalence and associations of complex chronic condition (CCC) status across CPS...

AI-Assisted Viable Digital Array for Rapid Quantification of Bacteria in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in neonates and infants, and delayed diagnosis can lead to severe complications. Rapid, quantitative detection of viable bacteria at the point of care remains a critical unmet need. Here, we p...

Implementation of clinical grading committees in internal medicine sub-internships: implications for assessment accuracy and standardization

The Internal Medicine clerkship has faced challenges in ensuring fair and accurate grades, with past studies examining areas including unconscious bias, inter-rater reliability, and variability. To address these issues, the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine recommends the u...

Disaggregating ESG performance and implications of sub-pillar effects, ownership heterogeneity in the sustainable Indian banking system

Abstract Growing climate challenges and regulatory pressures have propelled Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles to the forefront of banking strategy worldwide. This study empirically investigates the ESG performance across public and private banks in India over...

Exploring the in-vitro evaluation of folic acid-modified gadolinium nanoparticles in HEK-293, HeLa, and KB cancer cells for targeted-MR-imaging agent candidate

Abstract Folic acid (FA)-modified gadolinium nanoparticles are promising candidates for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their high cancer specificity. Therefore, this study aims to modify nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-FA to enhance their bio...

taVNS for uterine contraction pain and early recovery after spontaneous vaginal birth: a three-arm randomized controlled trial protocol

Uterine contraction pain after spontaneous vaginal birth (SVB) hinders early maternal recovery. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), as a safe, and non-invasive alternative therapy, can alleviate pain and improve sleep and emotion. Although a recent trial has...

Using the NIH Research Methods Resources Website

The Research Methods Resources (RMR) section of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) website provides information on design, analysis, and sample size for designs used in NIH-supported clinical trials including randomized controlled trials, individually randomized group-treatm...

Silent Epidemics: A Decade-Long Investigation into Accidental and Suicide Deaths in India

Background: Premature deaths, whether due to accidents or suicide, are a major public health concern in India, with far- reaching impacts on individuals, families, and society. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the trends in accidental and suicide deaths across different st...

Game-Theoretic Design of International Construction Contracts: Integrating Liquidated Damages, Consortium Structures, and Performance Guarantees

Abstract Delays and cost overruns remain endemic in international infrastructure projects. This study develops a unified game-theoretic for contractor schedule incentives under liquidated damages (LDs), extensions of time (EOTs), and multicontractor or consortium structures. We m...

Impact of a health education intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and use of visibility materials among commercial motorcycle riders: a quasi-experimental study in Cameroon

Abstract Background Commercial motorcycle riders are among the most vulnerable road users in low- and middle-income countries, with poor visibility contributing significantly to road traffic crashes, particularly under low-light conditions. Visibility materials such as reflective...

Effects of furfurylation on white pocket rot in Japanese larch heartwood caused by Porodaedalea chrysoloma

Abstract Porodaedalea chrysoloma (Fr.) Fiasson et Niemelä is a basidiomycete that causes pitting white rot in conifer trees such as Japanese larch, leading to significant losses in wood density and mechanical strength. Consequently, the utilization of decayed wood is severely lim...

Integration of digital twin technologies in smart grid substations

Abstract In the era of Industry 5.0, digital transformation of smart grid substations is crucial to address growing demands for efficiency and reliability. However, conventional substations lack real-time monitoring. Fault detection takes a long time, and predictive maintenance i...

Iron Oxide Photoanode for Glycerol-Assisted Hydrogen Production at 8.87 mA cm–2

Iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) is an attractive photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting because of its abundance, suitable band gap, and stability in water, yet its practical use remains limited by poor charge transport and sluggish water oxidation. Here we show that these limi...

Data-Driven Ensemble Machine Learning for Multi-Horizon Microalgal Bioprocess Forecasting

Microalgal bioprocesses increasingly rely on predictive modelling to support automated control and reduce the cost of laboratory experimentation. Yet, the scarcity of high-quality datasets and the nonlinear nature of microalgal growth severely limit the accuracy and robustness of...

Equivalence of XOR and XNOR in differential cryptanalysis: application to SCAN-C

Abstract SCAN-C is a lightweight block cipher featuring a hybrid Feistel-SPN structure designed for Controller Area Network (CAN) security. This work presents the first full-round differential cryptanalysis of SCAN-C, demonstrating that its unique XNOR-based key mixing provides n...