Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Molecular Medicine
Hospital wastewater can provide a pooled view of antimicrobial resistance, but its results did not consistently match traditional hospital surveillance. A review of 36 studies found that differing sampling and testing methods, along with poor timing alignment, make comparisons difficult.
Researchers developed an AI tool that predicts meropenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae from genome data. It showed higher sensitivity and fewer missed resistant strains than ResFinder and AMRFinderPlus in global, African and Thai test datasets.
A study in southern Brazil found that Proteus mirabilis from retail vegetables shared close genetic relationships, resistance genes and virulence features with isolates from community-acquired urinary tract infections. The findings identify food-associated bacteria as a possible reservoir of lineages linked to human disease, although the study did not prove transmission.
Researchers reviewed 110 randomized clinical trials involving 22,608 children and adults who received cefepime or another beta-lactam antibiotic. Across all included trials, cefepime was associated with slightly higher odds of death, although the overall statistical interval included the possibility of no difference.
Researchers analyzed 508 Klebsiella pneumoniae whole genomes from blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures of adults hospitalized in Johannesburg, South Africa, during 2023 and 2024. Most isolates carried genes associated with multidrug resistance, while some bacterial lineages and plasmid types were linked with resistance genes. The study describes patterns in this hospital-based sample; it does not show that these genes caused illness or death.
A study of groundwater from 58 cities in São Paulo State, Brazil, found opportunistic bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistance, metal-tolerance and virulence genes. Five of the 66 isolates recovered were classified as resistant to multiple antibiotics.
A study in Nature Communications found that many imine reductases and reductive aminases can make chiral amines from equal amounts of the starting materials. Screening and an AI system helped identify enzymes with broad activity, and selected reactions produced gram quantities of optically pure products.
