University of Wisconsin–Madison

PS6-13. Time to Luteolysis and Conceptus Attachment Vary with Parity in Holstein Heifers and Cows Diagnosed Non-pregnant by Ultrasound 32 Days After Timed AI.

Abstract This observational study aimed to evaluate the association between time to luteolysis and parity in inseminated heifers and lactating Holstein cows diagnosed as non-pregnant by ultrasound at 32 d after timed artificial insemination (TAI). Ovulatory response between TAI a...

Rheumatoid arthritis, frailty, and outcomes of surgical hospitalizations: A national population‐based analysis

OBJECTIVE: Hospitalization, particularly for surgery, represents a period of heightened stress. We evaluated how frailty attenuates the association of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with negative health outcomes after elective non-cardiac surgery. METHODS: We conducted a cross-section...

Constraints on the Loss of Hydroperoxymethyl Thioformate (HPMTF) to Marine Clouds Using Aircraft Observations

Abstract The photochemical oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) by the hydroxyl radical (OH) contributes to the production and growth of particles and cloud condensation nuclei in the marine boundary layer (MBL). DMS oxidized by OH can go on to form a stable intermediate, hydroper...

93. Smartbreeder: A Data-driven Virtual Assistant to Support Nellore Sire Selection Accounting for Genotype-by-environment-by-management Interactions.

Abstract The enviromics approach has emerged as an efficient framework for modeling genotype-by-environment-by-management (GxExM) interactions in animal breeding. It characterizes environmental conditions (ECs) in which animals are raised using detailed environmental and manageme...

MEGATRON: how the first stars can create an iron metallicity plateau in the smallest dwarf galaxies

We study the stellar mass-iron metallicity relation of dwarf galaxies in the new high-resolution MEGATRON cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulations. These simulations model galaxy formation up to z ≈ 8 in a region that will collapse into a Milky-Way-like galaxy at z = 0 ,...

Mediating effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the association between depression, anxiety, and cardiometabolic disorders in a multiethnic US population

Abstract Neuroinflammation is associated with depression and anxiety risk, both of which demonstrate a bilateral relationship with cardiometabolic disorders. Systemic inflammation was also commonly described in patients with cardiometabolic disorders. It is, thus, unclear whether...

Assessing PFAS uptake in hemp and alfalfa using congener-resolved analyses and soil quality measurements

Understanding phytoaccumulation of environmental contaminants in agricultural crops is essential for assessing contaminant cycling, ecological restoration and risk, and exposure pathways. This study assessed the uptake of per - and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in Cannabis s...

MEGATRON: the impact of non-equilibrium effects and local radiation fields on the circumgalactic medium at cosmic noon

We present three cosmological radiation-hydrodynamic zoom simulations of the progenitor of a Milky Way-mass galaxy from the MEGATRON suite. The simulations combine on-the-fly radiative transfer with a detailed non-equilibrium thermochemical network (81 ions and molecules), resolv...

Continuous UV irradiation played an inconclusive role in selecting the canonical genetic alphabet

An abundance of heterocyclic molecules analogous to canonical nucleobases (i.e., adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil) used as the genetic alphabet in DNA and RNA could have been present in various prebiotic environments on early Earth. However, extant biology generall...

False-positive screening mammography and risk of incident breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract False-positive (FP) mammography, usually considered a harm of screening, may be predictive of future breast cancer (BC) risk. This systematic review aimed to quantify the risk of developing BC after a FP relative to a negative result. We searched MEDLINE, Pre-MEDLINE, EM...

In Situ detection of protein-phosphoinositide signalosome in tissues by immunohistochemistry-coupled proximity ligation assay

Abstract Phosphoinositides (PIPs) are central lipid signaling molecules, with PtdIns(3,4,5)P 3 acting as a key regulator of the PI3K-AKT pathway and a major driver of tumorigenesis. Together with p53 mutations or loss, this pathway represents one of the most frequently dysregulat...

Exploratory integrative analysis of infant gut microbiome and metabolome suggests diet- and microbiome-derived metabolites associated with childhood asthma

Abstract Background Early-life gut microbiome composition has been linked to childhood asthma risk, but the metabolic pathways underlying this association remain unclear. Objective To integrate infant gut microbiome and metabolome data to identify pathways associated with asthma...

Free fatty acid receptor 4 agonism stimulates insulin secretion via different mechanisms in mouse versus human islets

Abstract Activation of the free fatty acid receptor FFAR4 in pancreatic islets potentiates insulin and inhibits somatostatin (SST) secretion. Here we investigated the relative roles of δ and β cells in the insulinotropic effect of FFAR4 activation in mouse and human islets. The e...

Massive transfusion practices and low‐titer group O whole blood utilization before and after implementation in a low‐volume level I trauma center: A six‐year review

Abstract Background Low‐titer O whole blood (LTOWB) has been increasingly incorporated into trauma resuscitation and massive transfusion protocols (MTPs). Recent randomized trials have not demonstrated superiority of prehospital LTOWB over component‐based resuscitation, while the...

Error control for microbiome mediation analysis: benchmarking and remedy

Abstract Background Identifying microbial taxa that mediate the effects of exposures on health outcomes can elucidate causal pathways and suggest therapeutic targets. Microbiome sequencing typically measures relative abundances (RA) of taxa, while absolute abundances (AA)—often t...

A randomized phase 2 placebo-controlled trial of clobetasol solution for oral chronic graft-versus-host disease therapy

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) affects multiple organ systems and frequently the mouth. There is an unmet need for more effective topical therapy to adequately control cGVHD in the oral cavity. Clobetasol is a super-potent synthetic glucocorticoid formulated here as an...

Engaging Secondary Caregivers in Research for Children With Medical Complexity

OBJECTIVE: Primary caregivers (PCG; eg, often a parent or guardian) are central to caring for children with medical complexity (CMC). Secondary caregivers (eg, another parent, spouse/partner of the PCG, extended family members, friends, in-home or school-based professionals) also...

Large Magnetic Anisotropy in a Coupled Dinuclear FeII Field-Induced Single-Molecule Magnet

Abstract A series of [Me2indM(μ-Cl)(THF)]2 (M = Mn, Fe, Zn) dimers utilizing a novel bulky indoline ligand (Me2indH = 5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,3-diphenyl-7-diphenylmethylindoline) were synthesized and magnetically characterized. Analysis of the single crystal structure reveals th...

The Mysterious Case of Iron in XMPs: Anomalous High log(Fe/O) Observed in Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies HSCJ1631+4426 and SDSSJ0811+4730

Abstract We present integral field spectroscopic observations of two local extremely metal-poor galaxies (XMPs), HSCJ1631+4426 and SDSSJ0811+4730, obtained with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) over 3545 − 5529 Ã at a spectral resolution of R ~ 3600, capturing bright nebular emi...

Cryostress in Frozen Soil. I: Concept, Definition, and Validation

Abstract The concept of cryostress in soil is conceptualized, defined, and validated. Force and water potential equilibrium principles at the scale of a soil–water representative elementary volume (REV) are employed to distinguish three types of forces: (1) skeleton forces transm...