University of Wisconsin–Madison

Accurate and Sensitive Multiplexed Proteomics Using the 7-Plex DiLeuC Complementary Ion Strategy

Abstract High-throughput quantitative proteomics across diverse biological conditions, including varying perturbations and temporal changes, is critical for elucidating disease mechanisms and treatment responses. Advances in mass spectrometry and isobaric labeling technologies ha...

An unidentified reservoir of comet 81P/Wild 2 chondrules

Comets, which have been stored in the cryogenic regions for billions of years, preserve key records of the solar system’s formation and the dynamic evolution of planets and other small bodies. Twenty years ago, NASA Stardust mission returned samples from a Jupiter-family comet, 8...

Use of Post-Coital Strategies to Prevent Pregnancy: Findings from a National Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States

In the context of increasing restrictions on sexual and reproductive health care, inadequate sex education, and increasing antihormonal contraceptive sentiment, we examined post-coital pregnancy prevention behavior among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents and...

Discovery of a second-generation planet candidate accreting onto a white dwarf

Abstract Many white dwarfs accrete the debris of disrupted planetary bodies, detected in the form of metal enrichment in their atmospheres, dusty or gaseous circumstellar discs, and photometric transits from debris. The composition of accreted debris has been shown to be diverse...

Annealing SrTiO3 produces an iron-rich surface layer

SrTiO3 (STO) is among the most widely used substrates in complex oxide heterostructure research, yet the role of its trace impurity content in determining interface properties remains poorly understood. Here, we show that high-temperature annealing (the standard procedure for pre...

Property Transfer to Consecrated Individuals at the Sanctuary of Apollo Lairbenos: Katagraphai 2 and 7 Reconsidered

The katagraphai of the sanctuary of Apollo Lairbenos record the transfer of enslaved persons and freeborn children to the god. When property appears in these documents, to whom did it pass? Since Ricl’s studies and the edition of Ritti, Şimşek, and Yıldız, the answer has been the...

On the value of MRI in early cognitive risk prediction: survival analysis comparing statistical and machine learning models

Abstract Background Early identification of individuals at risk of developing amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) is essential for timely intervention in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For such identification, MRI data may be included to capture brain changes and identify clinic...

S. cerevisiae Cwc15p Tunes the Spliceosome Active Site for Remodeling and Catalysis

Abstract Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential step in eukaryotic gene expression during which spliceosomes remove introns from nascent RNAs while ligating the adjacent exons. Spliceosomes are cellular nanomachines composed of five small nuclear (snRNA) components and dozens of prote...

Lake size is associated with the relationship between body mass and gut microbiota alpha diversity in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Lake size is associated with ecological conditions that can affect the microbiome of hosts, such as diet and habitat characteristics. However, whether host-microbe interactions are affected by lake size remains poorly understood. We characterized the gut microbiota of 191 wild th...

Genetic Basis of Social Structure in the Pastoral Nomads of Central Eurasia

Abstract Although the social structure of Central Eurasian pastoral nomads has been described as fluid and ad hoc by historians and anthropologists, its potential genetic basis remains poorly understood. To evaluate whether kinship based social organization has biological foundat...

Implementation mapping, research capacity building and reflexivity: a case study on how to select implementation strategies to increase reach of HPV vaccination in Zambia

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is effective in preventing most cervical cancer, but coverage is low in Zambia. In this methods paper, we describe how we adapted implementation mapping to select and develop implementation strategies for HPV vaccination delivery by embeddin...

Specialists' Evidence Evaluation and Judgments in Audits

ABSTRACT Audits of complex fair value estimates involve evaluating and challenging key client assumptions. Auditors generally lack the necessary expertise to perform this work, and thus, they often engage valuation specialists to perform this audit work. However, valuation specia...

Understanding Understanding: Reconnecting Theories of Human Semantic Knowledge

At the close of the twentieth century, human semantic memory was thought to be organized around dedicated, domain-specific modules operating independently of one another and of perception, action, and much of language. The intervening years have marked a transition toward a more...

Dirt road density increased markedly since the 1970s in the Daurian grasslands

Informal dirt roads are widespread and can increase human access and habitat fragmentation in remote landscapes. However, they are rarely mapped, leaving their ecological effects poorly quantified. We assessed changes in dirt road networks across the Daurian Steppe of Mongolia, R...

Short curves of end-periodic mapping tori

Let S be a boundaryless infinite-type surface with finitely many ends and consider an end-periodic homeomorphism f of S. The end-periodicity of f ensures that its associated mapping torus 𝑀 𝑓 has a compactification as a 3-manifold with boundary; further, if f is atoroidal then 𝑀...

Assessing and Addressing Frailty in Candidates for Lung Transplantation: An ISHLT Consensus Statement.

The ISHLT Consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates recommends frailty assessment as part of a comprehensive candidacy evaluation. Missing from this and other recent consensus documents were practical recommendations on which frailty measures to consider...

Intensity of Healthcare Utilization Among Pediatric Hospice Patients Receiving Concurrent Care.

BACKGROUND: As children with life-threatening con- ditions near end-of-life, their disease burden and care requirements tend to increase, leading to high intensity of care in the hospital. Previous studies have examined patterns of healthcare usage among these children receiving...

On the double-adiabatic equations in the relativistic regime

We revisit the double-adiabatic evolution equations and extend them to the relativistic and ultrarelativistic regimes. We analytically solve the relativistic, time-dependent drift kinetic equation for a homogeneous, magnetised, collisionless plasma and obtain a solution explicitl...

Parallel evolution of chimeric genes in microbial evolution experiments

Abstract Recombination can generate new or improved proteins by merging pieces of pre-existing genes into a new whole. Here, when we reanalyzed genomic data from several laboratory evolution experiments with Escherichia coli , evidence for the convergent evolution of chimeric gen...

MEGATRON: Reproducing the Diversity of High-Redshift Galaxy Spectra with Cosmological Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations

We present the MEGATRON suite of cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations following the formation of Milky Way-mass galaxies from the earliest cosmic epochs when Population III stars form to Cosmic Noon. The suite represents the first set of cosmological simulations that...