University of Helsinki

Castration‐resistant prostate cancer cells are addicted to the high activity of cyclin‐dependent kinase 2

Abstract Background Cyclin-dependent kinases drive the progression through the cell cycle and thereby form classical targets for cancer therapy. In prostate cancer (PC), the first line of therapy typically targets androgen receptor (AR), but it frequently leads to development of...

Multi-modal learning with incomplete data

Multi-modal learning, in which diverse data types are integrated and analyzed together, has become a central area of research in artificial intelligence, driving major advances in a wide range of domains. However, in many practical situations, certain modalities or variables may...

Multimodal surface defect detection from wooden logs for sawing optimization

We propose a novel, cost-effective method for knot detection on the surface of wooden logs using multimodal data fusion. Knots are a primary factor affecting the quality of sawn timber, making their detection fundamental to any timber grading or cutting optimization system. Howev...

Laparoscopic versus transvaginal mesh surgery in treatment of apical pelvic organ prolapse in women: MESH-study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Lifetime risk for pelvic organ prolapse is 10–13%. As primary surgical treatment hysterectomy has been a common procedure, with or without colporrhaphies. The risk of recurrent apical prolapse is approximately 10%, and mesh surgery is often needed to gain sufficient support for t...

Charting Endocrine Progenitors Across Species and Organs

ABSTRACT Hormone‐producing cells in the pancreas and intestine regulate whole‐body metabolism and are dysregulated in obesity and diabetes. A deeper understanding of endocrine lineage formation (endocrinogenesis) in these organs is essential to elucidate the healthy state and dis...

Interpretable multi-modal hierarchical framework to support cytomorphological analysis of hematologic cancers

Cytomorphological analysis of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and peripheral blood smears (PBS) remains a diagnostic cornerstone in hematology. Machine-assisted analysis could support diagnostic workflows, but remains challenging due to the imbalanced prevalence of hematologic maligna...

NAD+ precursor treatment prevents cardiomyopathy but disrupts erythroid maturation in mitochondrial progeria

Summary Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) plays a central role in energy metabolism, and its decline is linked to various degenerative diseases. While NAD + restoration holds therapeutic promise, its long term, tissue-specific consequences remain poorly understood. We in...

Approximating prediction error variances and reliabilities in a multiple-trait genomic prediction model using Monte Carlo sampling

Abstract Key message We evaluated four existing Monte Carlo-based methods for approximating prediction error variances and reliabilities in a multiple-trait genomic prediction model. All four methods yielded consistent approximations of the exact values. Abstract Genomic predicti...

The Björck classification of the open abdomen revisited: clarifying concepts for modern complex abdomen management

Abstract Introduction The open abdomen (OA) has become an integral component of modern acute care, trauma, and vascular surgery. Since 2009, the Björck classification, amended in 2016, has provided a common language for describing the status and progression of the OA and remains...

Preferential Retention of the LMP-1 Promoter at EBV Integration Sites in Lymphomas: Evidence from Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia and Controls

Abstract Purpose Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia (CHH), a rare ribosomopathy characterized by immune deficiency, carries a markedly increased risk of early-onset malignancy, particularly lymphoma. However, the molecular drivers of malignant transformation in CHH, and the contribution o...

Maximal O2 Uptake Is Higher During Whole-Body Compared to Lower-Body Exercise due to Higher Convective, but not Diffusive, O2 Transport

PURPOSE: Maximal O2 uptake (V̇O2max) is higher during whole-body compared to lower-body large muscle mass exercise. However, whether this is explained by differences in convective or diffusive O2 transport is unclear. We examined differences in components of the O2 pathway and mu...

FvGI–FvCO–FvFT1 pathway activates FvTFL1 in long days to repress flowering in woodland strawberry ( Fragaria vesca )

Photoperiod is a stable seasonal signal. Although photoperiodic flowering is well understood in short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) annual plants, the regulatory mechanisms in perennials remain elusive. In a perennial woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), flowering is induced in SDs...

Environmental drivers of litter- and soil-dwelling springtail communities across European forests, assessed by morphotaxonomy and soil DNA metabarcoding

Springtails are abundant in forest litter and soils, where they play a crucial role in the transformation and decomposition of organic matter. However, most data on springtail communities originates from studies at the local and regional levels, while larger-scale studies are lac...

How Norms Depend on the Presence and Status of Observers: The Relational Contingency of Everyday Behaviors in 90 Societies

Norms are fundamental to social life, but basic questions about how they are affected by social context remain. Specifically, how do normative constraints depend on the presence and status of observers, and how do such relational contingencies vary across cultures? Using data fro...

Urbanisation and habitat loss favour thermophilic and monogynous ant species

Environmental changes such as urbanisation and related habitat loss and fragmentation profoundly impact ecological communities by altering habitats, resources, and microclimates. Yet, the impacts of the resulting environmental conditions on metacommunity dynamics, ranging from sp...

Translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index into Finnish

Shoulder pain is a leading cause of disability, often resulting in functional limitations and reduced quality of life. Valid, culturally adapted patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are essential for assessing symptoms and treatment outcomes across populations. The Shoulder...

Time‐Aware UNet and Super‐Resolution Deep Residual Networks for Spatial Downscaling

ABSTRACT Satellite observations of atmospheric pollutants are often available only at coarse spatial resolution, which limits their use in local‐scale environmental analysis. Spatial downscaling methods aim to transform such data into high‐resolution fields. In this work, two wid...

The Civic Argument Literacy Test (CALT) – Foundations and Development

Abstract The Civic Argument Literacy Test (CALT) is a new instrument for measuring how individuals recognise, interpret, and evaluate arguments in civic discourse. This research essay sets out the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the CALT and, as its central contribution...

Estimating present temperature climate in a warming world: probabilistic verification of a model-based approach for years 2008–2025

Abstract When climate changes, statistics derived from past observations become unrepresentative of the true present climate. In 2008, Räisänen and Ruokolainen proposed a model-based method for alleviating this bias. Here, the fidelity of this method in predicting the probability...

Old-age Care Responsibilities in China’s National Five-year Plans (2001—2025): Towards Active Ageing and Explicit Familialism

Rapid population ageing is challenging China's old-age care (OAC) system. The traditional role of the family in caring for older adults has been declining due to decreasing family size and urbanisation. The Five-Year Plans for National Economic and Social Development (FYPs) of th...