University of Cambridge

Gender Bias in Clinical Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) share overlapping clinical features including social cognitive differences, interpersonal difficulties, emotional dysregulation, and alexithymia. The two conditions show different gender prevalen...

“Thin Adoption” and Hidden Costs of OpenBIM Interoperability: Mixed-Methods Study in China’s Construction Industry

Abstract Building information modeling (BIM) is a collaborative process for creating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of facilities, central to the digital transformation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) indus...

Identification, validation, and prediction of longitudinal recovery phenotypes in degenerative cervical myelopathy: analysis of prospective cohorts and a randomised controlled trial

Background Symptom evolution in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is traditionally characterized by severity of neurological deficit. A recent expert consensus challenged this view, proposing that DCM fluctuates across neurological, functional and health-related quality of l...

Affected others’ perspectives on the burden, drivers, and prevention of gambling-related harms: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Gambling is increasingly recognised as a public health concern, with harms extending beyond individuals who gamble to families and communities. However, young people and adults affected by others’ gambling remain under-represented in research on harm preventio...

Identifying active surfaces for C2 decomposition relevant to the FC-CVD CNT synthesis process

Selecting for high quality carbon nanotube (CNT) growth during the floating catalyst vapour deposition (FC-CVD) synthesis process remains a challenge due to the coupling of physical and chemical phenomena inside the reactor. While there is evidence implicating C2 species as the p...

Latent paths in mode choice models: incorporating street-level environment features for active travel policy

There is growing empirical evidence that walking and cycling are influenced by street-level environment features such as greenness and traffic stress. To assess active travel policy, these features are increasingly incorporated into mode choice models through predictors that aggr...

Compositional neurosymbolic representations enable efficient active exploration

Abstract Autonomous systems that learn and explore over long horizons face a problem. Standard methods scale poorly in the number of observations, n , precluding sustained operation on bounded hardware. We show that compositional, high-dimensional vector representations inspired...

Urinary Extracellular Vesicles as a Source of Biomarkers for Kidney Allograft Rejection: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplant rejection remains a leading cause of graft loss, and diagnosis still depends largely on invasive biopsies. Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) offer a potential noninvasive alternative for detecting allograft rejection through molecular profiling o...

Education, diversity and progress

Abstract Around the world, girls and women are much less likely to be able to access a good education, and even in countries like the UK, stereotyping can deter girls from pursuing careers in subjects like the physical sciences, engineering and computing. Yet, many daily decision...

Lé co crie ‘Cocolîncheux’

Abstract This study considers the way in which the arts can play an important role in language planning. It focuses on Jèrriais, the critically endangered variety of Norman spoken in Jersey, one of the British Channel Islands. The discussion considers initiatives from across the...

Exploring Youth-Centred Co-Creation in Digital Heritage Interpretation: A Participatory Design Approach

Heritage interpretation and presentation are integral to heritage management and conservation, particularly when addressing a vulnerable audience such as children and young people. Today, youth are deeply immersed in technology, relying on it in their daily activities. To connect...

Package Managers à la Carte: A Formal Model of Dependency Resolution

Package managers are legion. Every programming language and operating system has its own solution, each with subtly different semantics for dependency resolution. This fragmentation prevents multilingual projects from expressing precise dependencies across language ecosystems; it...

Same Coeffect, Different Base: Connecting Two Dominant Approaches to Graded Types

Graded types provide a way to augment a type system with fine-grained information, e.g., to track side effects or context dependence and resource use (called coeffects ). Graded types for coeffects have found their way into languages such as Haskell, Idris, and Granule, enabling...

JPResUnet: A joint probability density function translation model in partially premixed flames

Machine learning (ML) for turbulent combustion modelling can offer high fidelity within the training regime, yet its robustness under unseen conditions remains a practical concern. Conversely, established presumed probability density function (PDF) approaches are generally robust...

Machine learning of artistic fingerprints in jazz

Abstract Artists are often recognizable through collections of distinctive patterns (‘fingerprints’) in their work. Identifying such traits has important applications in authorship attribution, education, cultural heritage research and historical analysis. Here we focus on music,...

Exercise and Brain Health in Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Cognitive Benefits, Mechanisms, and Neurodegeneration Prevention

Menopause represents a major neuroendocrine transition characterized by substantial hormonal, metabolic, vascular, and inflammatory changes that may increase vulnerability to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. Declining estrogen levels during the menopausal transiti...

Data‐Driven Materials Science for Energy‐Sustainable Applications

Materials science is underpinned by structure-property relationships that govern the function of a material. These relationships can be encoded into algorithms and integrated into machine-learning models that enable the prediction of materials and their cognate properties. Howeve...

Mixed positive and negative feedback loops drive diverse single-cell gene expression dynamics

Abstract Genetic circuits with only a few components can generate complex gene regulatory dynamics. Here, we combine stochastic modelling and single-cell time-lapse microscopy to reveal the possible dynamics generated by a key gene circuit motif: the mixed positive/negative feedb...

The intratumoral microbiome as an emerging hub in cancer pathogenesis and precision oncology

Over the past decade, the number of microbial communities identified within tumors has increased by 400%. Notably, the intratumoral microbiome, which includes bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms within tumor tissues, was first discovered more than a century ago. Ba...

Early warning and advisory can contribute to enhanced wheat stem and yellow rust management in Ethiopia

Abstract Wheat rusts are major constraints for global wheat production, leading to substantial yield and economic losses. To mitigate rust related production risks, disease forecast models generate time and location-specific information on the emergence and spread of wheat rusts....