University of California San Diego

Modulation of neuronal excitability and plasticity by BHLHE41 conveys lithium non-responsiveness

Abstract Many bipolar disorder (BD) patients are non-responsive to lithium. The mechanisms underlying lithium (non-)responsiveness are largely unknown. By using gene-set enrichment analysis methods, we found that core clock gene-sets are significantly associated with lithium resp...

Joint-RPCA: domain-aware multi-omics integration for systems microbiology

Integrating multi-omics data is essential for microbiome research, as microbial communities are shaped by and respond to interdependent processes, including taxonomic composition, metabolite production and utilization, and gene expression. However, accurately capturing ecosystem-...

Emerging roles of ATR beyond DNA damage repair: orchestrating transcriptional reprogramming during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

The ability of cancer cells to transition between epithelial and mesenchymal states, a process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is a key driver of cancer metastasis and therapy resistance. While ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase was originall...

Cumulative Opioid Exposures in the First Year of Life and Cognitive Neurodevelopment in High-Risk Infants

BACKGROUND: High-risk infants with significant neonatal-perinatal morbidities often require opioids, but prolonged exposures can impair neurodevelopment. We evaluated the effect of cumulative opioid exposures in the first year of life, measured by morphine milligrams equivalents...

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Brain Tumors: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis of Patients From the LAANTERN Study

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy is a surgical tool used to ablate brain tumors, radiation necrosis, and epileptic foci. Data from the completed LAANTERN prospective multicenter registry (NCT02392078), containing tumor patients enrolled in the study across 25 US cen...

Selective cGAS Inhibition Is Cardioprotective After Myocardial Infarction

Activation of the DNA sensor cGAS has emerged as a potential driver of maladaptive inflammation after myocardial infarction. In this study, the authors provide evidence that a newly developed pharmacologic cGAS inhibitor improves cardiac recovery following myocardial infarction....

Management Patterns and Outcomes of Vestibular Schwannoma in Older Adults: Assessment of the SEER Database

OBJECTIVE: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a benign intracranial tumor that is increasingly diagnosed in older adults. The relative contributions of tumor burden and surgical management to overall survival in elderly and very elderly patients remain incompletely characterized at a...

Microbial inoculants for soil restoration: A Risk-Proportional Stewardship Framework Integrating Strain-Resolved Genomics and Adaptive Governance

Abstract Global soil degradation and increasing reliance on chemical inputs threaten agricultural sustainability, driving interest in microbial inoculants as tools for soil restoration. These biological products have the potential to enhance nutrient cycling, improve soil structu...

Superconductivity from doping symmetric mass generation insulators: application to La3Ni2O7 under pressure

Abstract We investigate the bilayer nickelates as a platform to realize the symmetric mass generation (SMG) insulator, a featureless Mott insulator that arises due to the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomaly cancellation in bilayer spin-1/2 lattice systems. Through a single-orbital...

Decoding the impact of lipid saturation on ER signaling networks, ERSU, UPR, and ERAD

is safeguarded by the ER Stress Surveillance (ERSU) checkpoint, which delays cytokinesis when ER homeostasis is perturbed. Under stress, ER transmission to the daughter cell is halted, while in parallel-but through independent pathways-the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) restores...

Opioid prescription patterns for hidradenitis suppurativa in the emergency versus ambulatory care settings

Abstract Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is associated with significant pain. However, there is a paucity of literature examining opioid prescription patterns in HS in different healthcare settings. We aim to determine differences in opioid prescription patterns between HS patients...

Insulin resistance is associated with mammary mitochondrial dysfunction at the onset of human lactation

Insulin resistance (IR) has emerged as a risk factor for lactation insufficiency and delays the onset of milk secretion after childbirth, termed secretory activation (SA). This may cause inadequate infant weight gain and early breastfeeding cessation. However, the mechanisms unde...

Fossil denticles reveal how ocean productivity shapes shark baselines and recovery potential

Shark populations on coral reefs have declined globally, but few baselines exist to quantify natural variability before human impact. Using fossil dermal denticles preserved in reef sediments, we reconstructed shark communities across the Isthmus of Panama before substantial expl...

Wnt Pathway Agonism as a Therapeutic Strategy for Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Narrative Review of Evidence to Date

Breakdown of the blood–retinal barrier (BRB) is implicated in many blinding retinal diseases, including diabetic macular edema, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, and retinal vein occlusion. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies or laser photoco...

Quantitative computed tomography improves prediction of survival across ILD subtypes

Background Quantitative computed tomography (CT) methods are recognized as valuable tools for risk stratification in fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Data-driven textural analysis (DTA) is one such approach that correlates with worse lung function and shorter survival in...

Visual Field Progression Rate and Laminar Depth and Curvature in the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES)

Abstract P urpose To determine if lamina cribrosa (LC) depth and curvature predict visual field (VF) progression rate in the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) cohort in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). S ubjects Participants, and/or Controls....

Measuring Ocean Surface Waves

Abstract Propagating waves on the ocean surface can be represented as a stochastic process whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. This paper reviews methods for measuring the wave spectrum and related quantities. Observations begin by sensing fluid dynamical properties...

Inhibition of RhoA-mediated secretory autophagy in megakaryocytes mitigates myelofibrosis in mice

Abstract Megakaryocytes (MKs) are large, polyploid cells that contribute to bone marrow homeostasis through the secretion of cytokines such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). During neoplastic transformation, immature MKs accumulate in the bone marrow where they induce fib...

Longitudinal changes in gut microbiota across reproductive states in wild baboons

Background: In humans and other mammals, female reproduction is linked to extensive changes in physiology, immunity, hormones, and behavior. These changes likely shape, and may be shaped by, the composition of gut microbial communities. Characterizing the dynamics of gut microbia...

Hepatocyte-intrinsic ER stress and NRF2 initiate primary sclerosing cholangitis, providing therapeutic insights

primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a severe liver disease that can progress to cholangiocarcinoma. Therapeutic development has been hindered by the rarity of PSC and by its poorly understood origin, which reflects incompletely defined genetic and environmental risk factors....