University of California, Davis

Temporal stability and characteristics of breeding sites for Anopheles coluzzii, a major malaria vector on the island of São Tomé

Abstract Background Characterization of mosquito breeding sites is important for efficient, targeted vector control. Such information is lacking for the tropical African island of São Tomé where malaria cases are low but persistent and larvicidal control is regularly utilized. He...

Free fatty acid receptor 4 agonism stimulates insulin secretion via different mechanisms in mouse versus human islets

Abstract Activation of the free fatty acid receptor FFAR4 in pancreatic islets potentiates insulin and inhibits somatostatin (SST) secretion. Here we investigated the relative roles of δ and β cells in the insulinotropic effect of FFAR4 activation in mouse and human islets. The e...

Integrated hydrothermal and microbial valorization of almond shells into xylooligosaccharides and cellobionic acid

Almond shells are abundant lignocellulosic by-products with great potential for sustainable valorization. This study developed an integrated biorefinery process to produce xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and cellobionic acid (CBA) through hydrothermal pretreatment and fungal simultane...

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid proteomics reveal distinct patterns of senescence and neuropathology in aging rhesus macaques

Aging is the primary risk factor for neurodegenerative disease, yet the protein signatures that distinguish physiological brain aging from pathological decline remain incompletely defined in translational models. Using the targeted NULISAseq proteomic platform, we profiled cerebr...

Flashy hydrology, flashier contaminants: redox-driven geogenic contaminant mobilization under increasing hydrologic variability

As precipitation regimes intensify and engineered recharge expands, the vadose zone faces increasingly dynamic wetting–drying cycles that generate redox oscillations and alter geogenic contaminant mobility. Oxygen depletion and microbial respiration can dissolve Fe and Mn (oxyhyd...

Open Ocean Biogeochemical Impacts of Extreme Terrestrial Precipitation

Abstract Extreme events reshape ocean ecosystems with significant implications for nutrient and carbon cycling. Here, we demonstrate that flooding on land can be a significant driver of biogeochemical variability in the open ocean, even in relatively dry climates. Using satellite...

Comparative fitness of reemerging St. Louis encephalitis virus in vertebrate and mosquito cells, Culex tarsalis and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, and mice

ABSTRACT The human pathogenic orthoflavivirus St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) reemerged in the western United States in 2015 after more than a decade of absence and has since expanded throughout California with sustained interannual transmission. This shift from the historica...

Stepwise pairing and fast transition regulated by recombination drive meiotic chromosome interactions

Maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes recognize each other and pair during meiosis to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. However, the mechanisms that drive chromosome pairing and their regulation remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we develop a fluorescence...

A strategic framework for pathology faculty onboarding

Effective oversight of talent acquisition, integration, management, and retention in an academic pathology department is critical to sustaining its tripartite mission of clinical service, research, and education. Despite substantial focus on these areas, the crucial initial trans...

Towards a unified framework for multiple stable states in ecological systems

Multiple stable states-the coexistence of two or more distinct ecological configurations under identical environmental conditions-have attracted sustained interest in ecology, yet the field still lacks a unified framework connecting ecological mechanisms to dynamical models. Here...

A novel model of pre-pregnancy particulate matter exposure and house dust mite-induced maternal allergen-induced airway inflammation leading to altered maternal immune activation and increased neuroimmune responses in the offspring

Abstract Maternal immune activation (MIA) through infection, toxic exposure, or chronic inflammatory disease has been linked with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or schizophrenia. Previously we have shown that...

Ketone ester supplementation in aged mice produces sex-specific cognitive and metabolic effects

Abstract The ketogenic diet (KD) elevates β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), an energy metabolite and signaling molecule with immunomodulatory effects, and has been associated with cognitive and metabolic effects in some preclinical and clinical studies. However, clinical evidence for ket...

Inhalation of Distinct Emission Components Comprising Traffic-Related Air Pollution Elicits Sex-Specific Effects on Pulmonary and Systemic Inflammation in the TgF344-AD Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract Air pollution is associated with not only respiratory but also neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While underlying mechanisms remain unclear, the lung–brain axis has been proposed as a potential pathway in which pulmonary inflammation triggered...

Urine Drug Testing at an Ambulatory Pain Clinic in Patients Receiving Opioids for Cancer Pain

Importance: Urine drug test (UDT) can help screen and monitor aberrant controlled substance use among patients requiring opioid therapy for cancer pain. However, data on UDT utilization in patients with cancer pain remains limited. Objective: To determine the rate of UDT ordering...

Construction and characterisation of the DarkSide-20k veto silicon photo-multiplier tiles

Abstract Silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are state-of-the-art sensors capable of detecting a single photoelectron under cryogenic conditions, with potentially lower radioactivity than widely used photomultiplier tubes. The DarkSide-20k experiment, designed to perform direct dar...

Smartphone‐based proximal sensing as an accessible platform for improved physiological phenotyping

Abstract We tested whether smartphone‐based sensing could deliver accurate physiological traits in an accessible and low‐cost platform. A smartphone, carried by someone walking through a field, was used to generate a high‐resolution time series of images for 10 genotypes of cowpe...

Farm ownership in the San Joaquin Valley highlights different capacities to adapt to changing groundwater regulations

California’s San Joaquin Valley is home to some of the nation’s most productive farmland. Yet, this agricultural productivity has been achieved through unsustainable groundwater use to support irrigation. The Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) seeks to address the nega...

Intercellular space limitation and ripening-associated sugar changes are associated with watercore susceptibility in durian fruit

Watercore is a physiological disorder that reduces fruit quality in durian, yet its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. This study compared the tolerant cultivar ‘Monthong’ (MT) and the susceptible cultivar ‘Chanee’ (CN) to identify structural, physiological, biochemi...

Reliability of computational versus noncomputational metrics of working memory and episodic memory in serious mental illness.

= 76). These participants were tested in working memory and episodic memory paradigms. We applied a computational model that yielded parameters corresponding to memory storage capacity, memory precision, and the rate of attention lapses. We also examined a noncomputational metric...

Percutaneous brachial plexus peripheral nerve stimulation for cancer-related upper extremity pain: a novel technical approach

Background Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a well-established therapy for neuropathic pain syndromes. Emerging literature suggests that PNS is effective for treating oncologic pain. Objective This case report presents a novel ultrasound-guided, dual-lead PNS neuromodulation...