University of California, Davis

Two decades of conservation agriculture enhances soil structure, carbon sequestration, and water retention in Mediterranean soils

Abstract. Conservation agriculture offers a pathway for enhancing soil health with climate co-benefits in Mediterranean agricultural systems. This study examined long-term impacts of combining no-till management with cover cropping over 20 years in California's Central Valley, pr...

The Incompetent to Stand Trial Crisis and Homelessness: Cause or Effect?

ABSTRACT Background Homelessness is a pervasive societal problem for large numbers of people, leading to numerous negative outcomes. Research has shown that the prevalence of mental disorders among individuals experiencing homelessness is consistently higher than in the general p...

RiboTRAP-seq identifies spatially distinct functions for the anterior and posterior intestine in immune and metabolic regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract The intestine integrates food-derived cues to coordinate organismal physiology, yet the molecular specialization of discrete regions along the intestinal epithelium remains unclear. Here, we generate cell type-specific translatomes of the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine...

A comprehensive phylogenomic framework for brachiopod evolution among lophotrochozoans

Brachiopods appeared early in the Cambrian radiation and represent an important clade for understanding the origin of animal body plans and the evolution of biomineralized structures. A robust phylogenetic framework of the living representatives is needed to answer persistent que...

Non‐metal Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Reduction of Phosphine Oxides with Silanes: Mechanistic Study and Reaction Optimization

Non-metal Lewis acid (NM LA)-catalyzed silane-mediated reductions represent an important strategy for the conversion of phosphine oxides to phosphines. Although a variety of catalytic systems have been developed, their underlying reaction mechanisms remain insufficiently understo...

Spatial Molecular Signatures of Canine Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with and Without Locoregional Metastasis with Cross-Species Comparison to Human Samples

Accurate diagnosis of locoregional spread in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is critical for prognosis and treatment planning. However, the currently available pre-surgical staging modalities often fail to detect occult nodal metastasis, necessitating nodal extirpat...

How Model Choice Obscures Forecast Uncertainty: The Rashomon Effect and the 2026 Senate

Election forecasts report ostensibly precise predictions that depend on modeling choices.These include the size of the incumbency advantage, the weight on state partisan lean, and how strongly national conditions move individual races.We show that the record of Senate elections b...

Low-energy electron collisions with BH+

BH+ ions are expected to play an important role in boron-containing plasmas relevant to fusion environments such as ITER, where low-energy electrons drive a variety of inelastic and reactive scattering processes. In particular, dissociative recombination, vibrational excitation,...

Melt Production and Volatile Release From Thermochemical Mantle Plumes

Abstract Mantle plumes are thought to generate Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs), the largest outpourings of lava in the geologic record, which are associated with long‐lasting climatic warming events and mass extinctions. However, the controls on mantle degassing by plumes remain p...

Evaluation of the brachial plexus and spinal cord with diffusion tensor imaging and synthetic MRI in obstetric brachial plexus palsy: DTI of brachial plexus and spinal cord in OBPP

Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is conventionally staged as a peripheral nerve injury, yet conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) poorly reflects microstructural neural and spinal cord changes.We evaluate whether magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGIC), a form...

Perspectives on Gender Equity: A National Survey of Pediatric Hospital Medicine Division Leaders

OBJECTIVE: To assess pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division leaders' perspectives on gender equity in their divisions and organizations. METHODS: In 2025, we conducted a cross-sectional Research Electronic Data Capture survey distributed via email to 236 PHM division leaders....

Linking centromere stretch to SAC signaling in mammalian oocytes with insights from modified kinetochore model

Abstract The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) monitors kinetochore-microtubule interactions to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. In mitosis, investigation of its silencing at anaphase centers on whether attachment or tension is the key signal, while in meiosis for mammalia...

Mass-Rearing of Insects on Food Waste to Produce Chitosan—A Bio-Based Plastic Alternative

Mass-rearing of insects is being promoted to meet demands for sustainable sources of livestock and pet feed, protein, oils, pharmaceutical precursors and more. Here, we describe an industrial symbiosis, in which insect mass-rearing is based on food waste, and chitin extracted fro...

FlexENN: A Graph Neural Network for Binding Energy Prediction of Globular and Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Abstract Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) drive a large fraction of cellular signaling, transcription, and assembly through interfaces that often lack a defined geometry, making the prediction of their binding energies challenging for methods developed primarily for folde...

Influence of Soil Particle Size, Shape, and Mineralogy on Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation

Abstract Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has gained increasing attention as a potential sustainable ground improvement technique. This study investigates the influence of soil particle size, shape, and mineralogy on the MICP process and on the evolution of shear-...

From protogalaxy through thick and thin: Why did the Milky Way evolve in three kinematic phases?

Abstract APOGEE and Gaia data suggest the Milky Way’s kinematic structure evolved through three distinct phases: a disordered protogalaxy, which ‘spun up’ into a thick stellar disk, and then ‘cooled down’ to a final cold, thin stellar disk. We use a suite of FIRE-2 cosmological z...

Tree Species Classification in a Madagascar Tropical Dry Forest Using Multi-Temporal UAV Multispectral Imagery and Machine Learning

Accurate tree species mapping in tropical dry forests remains challenging because strong seasonal phenological variation and spectral overlap can limit discrimination from single-date imagery. This study evaluated the integration of wet- and dry-season unoccupied aerial vehicle (...

Artificial intelligence in veterinary diagnostic histopathology: Concepts, applications, and clinical implementation

Artificial intelligence (AI) in human diagnostic histopathology has advanced rapidly, but clinical adoption has lagged behind research. Veterinary diagnostic pathology, being less regulated, could adopt AI faster, but the extent of its integration into diagnostic laboratories is...

Shared patterns of human milk composition link mammary gland function to infant growth

The mammary gland produces nutrient-rich human milk (HM), yet how mammary functional state shapes HM composition and infant outcomes remains poorly understood. We used HM multi-omics - metabolomics, proteomics, micronutrients, macronutrients, and HM oligosaccharides - across 1,54...

Performance Assessment of Centrifugation-Based Hematocrit Testing in Primary Care Units: Evidence from Seventy-Two Proficiency Testing Datasets over Eight Years

Background: Centrifugation-based hematocrit (Hct) testing remains widely used in decentralized primary care settings where access to automated hematology analyzers may be limited. Appropriate proficiency testing (PT) performance assessment therefore requires consideration of the...