University of California, Davis

Silicon Photonics-Based Heterodyne Interferometric Imager for Free-Space Imaging

Abstract This paper reports on the design, fabrication, and demonstration of a silicon photonics-based heterodyne interferometric imaging system. The photonic integrated circuit (PIC) can perform one-dimensional spectroscopy of unique input spectra using a single baseline within...

Tumor-Specific Classification of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Tumors Using Heat-Diffusion Imaging and Artificial Intelligence

Introduction: Cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors are frequently encountered in canine patients, posing diagnostic challenges in general veterinary practice. Heat-Diffusion Imaging (HDI) is an active dynamic thermography technique that evaluates tissue thermal changes following con...

Taking smart conservation risks: Moving species in a changing world

Abstract Conservation practitioners are often faced with difficult decisions on whether or not to implement intensive interventions that carry risk and uncertainty—such as translocating species outside their indigenous range for the purpose of conservation (i.e., conservation int...

Fibula fracture is associated with high rate of vascular injury among low velocity ballistic tibia fractures

Abstract Objective: To evaluate whether the presence of a concurrent fibula fracture in low-velocity ballistic tibia fractures was associated with increased rates of vascular injury and compartment syndrome. We hypothesized that ballistic tibia fractures with an associated fibula...

Management strategies in endogenous fungal endophthalmitis: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study

Background/aims Standardised treatment guidelines for endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) are lacking. The purpose of this study is to describe treatment strategies and clinical outcomes of eyes with EFE. Methods Retrospective cohort study performed at eight academic institut...

Telomere variant sequences encode the genetic blueprint for allele-specific telomere length

The ends of human chromosomes are capped by specialized nucleoprotein structures, termed telomeres, which are essential for genome stability. Recent advances in long-read sequencing have enabled allele-specific telomere length measurements at nucleotide resolution, uncovering ext...

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunoassay for Molecular Subphenotype Classification in Pediatric Acute Cardiorespiratory Failure

OBJECTIVES: Molecular subphenotypes, identified through latent class analysis (LCA) of biomarker profiles, have the potential to guide targeted therapeutics in critical care. We have previously published that intensive insulin management has subphenotype-specific beneficial effec...

Counting twitches: automated mechanomyography of muscle fatigue in healthy adults

Abstract Background Assessing skeletal muscle fatigue is essential for diagnosing neuromuscular impairment, but conventional methods rely on maximal or tetanic contractions that can be impractical or uncomfortable in clinical populations. Surface mechanomyography (MMG) provides a...

The YTHDF proteins modulate Alzheimer’s disease-associated brain gene signatures

Abstract Gene signatures of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains reflect the output of a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, epi-transcriptomic, and post-transcriptional regulations. To nominate candidate factors modulating these signatures, we developed a machine learning model...

Navigating mental health care: latine perceptions, barriers, and pathways to engagement

Background: Latine individuals in the U.S. experience similar or higher rates of depression compared to non-Hispanic Whites but remain less likely to receive timely or effective mental health care. While structural and cultural barriers have been well-documented, limited research...

Designing Social Media Health Warnings for Teenagers and Young Adults

Importance Social media use is nearly ubiquitous among US teenagers and young adults and has been associated with increased risk for negative health outcomes such as depression and anxiety. Policymakers in several states have proposed or adopted policies requiring warnings on soc...

Human milk-derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri improved growth performance of weaned pigs by modulating systemic immune responses and enhancing intestinal health

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of human milk-derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri (REU) on growth performance, frequency of diarrhea, and systemic and intestinal health parameters of weaned pigs. Dietary supplementation of REU had greater (P =...

Development of FamTAM Intervention for Speech and Language Pathologists and Family Members

Children with complex communication needs, including approximately one-third of children with autism, use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to meet their daily communication needs. AAC includes gestures, sign language, picture symbols, and computerized systems to a...

Complementary vertebrate Wac models exhibit phenotypes relevant to DeSanto-Shinawi Syndrome

Monogenic syndromes are associated with neurodevelopmental changes that result in cognitive impairments and neurobehavioral phenotypes, including autism and seizures. Limited studies and resources are available to make meaningful headway into the underlying molecular mechanisms t...

Engineering Thermothelomyces heterothallica for cellobionate production

Abstract In this study, a thermophilic cellulolytic filamentous fungus Thermothelomyces heterothallica was engineered for direct production of cellobionic acid (CBA) from alkali-pretreated wheat straw without the addition of external cellulases. The CBA bioproduction pathway was...

The role of classical protein tyrosine phosphatases in diabetic kidney disease and therapeutic implications

Abstract Approximately one-third of people with diabetes have diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and DKD remains a leading cause of kidney failure in the United States. DKD is characterized by injury to the glomerular filtration barrier and renal tubulointerstitium, arising from comp...

Momentum-driven reversible logic accelerates efficient irreversible universal computation

Abstract We present implementations of two physically-embedded computation-universal logical operations using a 2-bit logical unit composed of coupled quantum flux parametrons—Josephson-junction superconducting circuits. To illustrate universality, we investigate NAND gates built...

Do Normal Early Ultrasound Findings Predict Normal Acetabular Development? A Study of Late-Presenting Dysplasia in Graf Type I Hips

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is increasingly recognized as a dynamic condition that may evolve after birth. This study aims to evaluate the natural history of hips with normal or borderline findings on early ultrasound and to identify imaging features asso...

Estimating enteric fever seroincidence in rural western Cambodia: Findings from a population-based cross-sectional serosurvey

Background: Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi, remains an important cause of febrile illness in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, the exact burden is difficult to estimate due to limitations in diagnosis and surveillance.Met...

Landscape Greening Following Unseasonal Precipitation Along a Desert–Alpine Gradient

In seasonally arid systems, where water is a key limiting resource, unseasonal precipitation events may promote landscape greening. Because herbivores track spatial variation in fresh plant growth, dry-season precipitation could be an important catalyst of out-of-season foraging...