University of Bristol

Affected others’ perspectives on the burden, drivers, and prevention of gambling-related harms: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Gambling is increasingly recognised as a public health concern, with harms extending beyond individuals who gamble to families and communities. However, young people and adults affected by others’ gambling remain under-represented in research on harm preventio...

Phase-matching-free sensing with undetected light using a nonlinear thin-film metasurface

Abstract In this article, we report classical sensing with undetected light at a wavelength of 1500 nm, detected on a silicon camera at 580 nm, using four-wave mixing from a plasmonic metasurface. The bidirectional nonlinear scattering due to inherent reflections from such thin n...

Age at Autism Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa): Exploring the Association With Family Well-Being

For many autistic individuals, close family members represent a crucial source of support throughout their lifetime. Early autism diagnosis is thought to benefit both autistic individuals and their family members by facilitating early access to services and information. However,...

Optimal canopy light-use strategy shapes global greenness dynamics

“Greenness” is a key indicator of the functional state of vegetation. However, the physiological processes behind seasonal patterns in greenness are diverse and incompletely understood, hindering the predictability of climate-driven shifts in global foliage phenology. Optimality...

A cross‑sectional survey and content analysis of local youth vaping prevention initiatives

Abstract Background Youth vaping is an increasing public health concern in the UK. While national strategies address regulation, little is known about local authority-led vaping prevention initiatives. This study synthesised information on existing local approaches to identify th...

Reimagining public governance through the commons: prefigurative legality at play?

Abstract This article contributes to the emerging scholarship on prefigurative legality by prompting critical questions on the boundaries of prefigurative legality itself. The article does so by reviewing two selected experiments for creating urban commons in Italy. Both experime...

Acceptability of advanced Controlled Human Infection Models: The case of a pneumococcal challenge in people living with HIV and mycobacterial challenge with Bacillus Calmette Guerin in Malawi

Abstract Background Controlled Human Infection Models (CHIM) in which volunteers are experimentally exposed to pathogens are used to study pathogenesis and down select among treatment and vaccine candidates. Scientifically, CHIM studies are best conducted among at-risk population...

Signal-induced recruitment and dispatchment in reconfigurable phase-separated protocell networks

Abstract The construction of protocell networks with self-regulated spatial dynamics and functions is an important challenge in the emerging field of colloidal systems chemistry. Existing strategies predominantly produce protocell networks with fixed or randomly distributed spati...

Bimodels and Biorthogonality for Abstract Machines

We develop a compositional semantics for abstract machines, focusing on CK/CEK machines for call-by-push-value. Taking abstract machines as the primary operational semantics, we introduce bimodels, which give denotations to both programs and stacks, and environment bimodels, whic...

Inclusion of MyAMI-derived Mg ∕ Ca corrections to the marine carbonate system in the cGENIE.cookie Earth system model (v.0.91)

Abstract. The concentrations of the major cations (esp., Ca2+, Mg2+) in Earth's oceans have undergone large-scale fluctuations in the geological past. This is important because the key geochemical properties of the marine environment that underpin the global carbon cycle – the aq...

Are AI language models scientific models of language?

Abstract There has been a recent surge of philosophical interest in AI large language models (LLMs) and their relevance for the understanding of human language. In this article, we take the perspective of the philosophy of science on modelling in general to consider whether LLMs...

Ryugu and Bennu preserve primordial isotopic heterogeneity absent from the meteorite record

Ivuna-type (CI) carbonaceous chondrites are commonly used as proxies for the composition of the planet-forming disk because their chemical abundances resemble those of the solar photosphere. However, their isotopic uniformity may reflect pervasive alteration and isotopic averagin...

Optimal combination of composite likelihoods using approximate Bayesian computation with application to state-space models

Composite likelihood provides approximate inference when the full likelihood is intractable and sub-likelihood functions of marginal events can be evaluated relatively easily. It has been successfully applied for many complex models. However, its wider application is limited by t...

Exploring rare coumarins biosynthesis by Gloeophyllum trabeum: an integrated computational genomics, molecular docking and spectroscopic approach

Abstract The sustained rise of antibiotics resistance demands the discovery of novel compounds to enhance current treatment efficiency and decrease the spread of resistant pathogens. Gloeophyllum trabeum is a common wood-decaying basidiomycete fungus, however its capability for p...

Biosynthesis and Genetic Tuning of Guanine Crystals via Metabolic Engineering of Yeast

ABSTRACT Purine crystals, such as guanine, generate diverse optical phenomena in animals and function as important nitrogen‐storage reservoirs in microalgae. Here, we demonstrate the formation of guanine crystals in Brewer's yeast. Whilst guanine crystals do not naturally contrib...

High-need dental deserts in England: a national spatial analysis of NHS access and deprivation

<title>Abstract</title> Aim(s) The aim of this study was to identify high-need dental deserts in England and to quantify the population affected, describe the distribution of geographic access, and profile the demographic characteristics of this subgroup relative to other deserts...

ImmTACs overcome cytotoxic T cell suppression

Abstract Immune mobilizing monoclonal TCR against cancer (ImmTAC) are cancer therapeutics that activate T cells through recognition of a tumor-associated antigenic MHC/peptide complex. A first-in-class ImmTAC, Tebentafusp, is approved for the treatment of metastatic uveal melanom...

We Have Come to Be Destroyed: Growing Up in Cold War Britain

Asked to imagine her future life by the 1969 National Child Development Study, one 11-year-old girl described what she felt would be the difficulties of working motherhood: in the early morning she...

Patterns of practice and paediatric care

The question we raise in this paper is whether the notion of patterns of practice is useful in clinical ethics. The first part of the paper presents the notion of patterns of practice, describing what it reflects (including important themes from the philosophy of practice) and ho...

Bulldozing an immersed granular material in a confined channel

The motion of an immersed granular material in a channel is characterised by complex interactions among the grains, between the grains and the permeating liquid, and between the grains and the channel walls. Here, we develop a reduced-order continuum model for the bulldozing of a...