The University of Tokyo

How Much Oracle Is Needed in LLM-Driven Evolution? Separating Selection and Mutation Feedback under Surrogate Evaluation

LLM-driven evolutionary search has produced strong algorithms and scientific results, but its successes typically rely on an evaluator that is well aligned with the true objective. When evaluation is expensive or subjective, a cheaper surrogate may replace part of this oracle acc...

Moving Object Detection from Moving Camera Using Focus of Expansion Likelihood and Segmentation

Separating moving and static objects from a moving camera viewpoint is essential for 3D reconstruction, autonomous navigation, and scene understanding in robotics. Existing approaches often rely primarily on optical flow, which struggles to detect moving objects in complex, struc...

World Dynamics with Memory: A Multiscale State-Space Model for International Political Economy

International political economy (IPE) possesses sophisticated theories ofdomestic preference formation,state power, global markets, transnational networks, institutional change, and historical development, but these theories rarely occupy a common dynamic architecture. This paper...

Digital hydrogen platform (DigHyd): a rigorously curated database for hydrogen storage materials empowered by AI-assisted literature mining

Solid-state hydrogen storage materials are promising candidates for safe and compact hydrogen storage; however, data-driven discovery in this field remains limited by the availability of large-scale, well-curated datasets. Here, we present the Digital Hydrogen Platform (DigHyd: w...

A unified framework for estimating fingertip forces and muscle activations in human grasping with anatomical modeling and soft-finger contact

Abstract We developed a method to estimate fingertip forces, torques, and muscle activations during object grasping with a digital hand model. Grasping an object requires several equilibrium conditions: force and moment balance on the object, consistency between fingertip forces...

Serum soluble Fas levels and incidence of biliary tract cancer in a nested case-control study

Abstract Background: Soluble Fas (sFas) plays multiple roles in tumorigenesis and cancer dissemination by avoiding apoptosis via connection to Fas ligand. We assessed associations of serum sFas levels with the incidence of extrahepatic biliary tract cancer (eBTC) in a prospective...

16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data of microbial communities associated with methane concentrations in sediment microbial fuel cell systems

ABSTRACT Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) were constructed using different sediments, and microbial communities were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Methane concentrations were lower in roadside ditch sediment under SMFC conditions than under control condition...

CASTOR1 regulates humoral immune responses and contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus

Objectives CASTOR1 senses arginine and regulates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a central metabolic signaling molecule. This study aimed to elucidate the roles of CASTOR1 in humoral immune responses. Methods We analyzed human B cell transcriptomes from healthy...

MCM10 and RECQL4 have cooperative and redundant roles in activating the CMG helicase during the replication initiation

Abstract DNA replication initiation requires activation of the CMG helicase to establish the replisome. This process involves the extrusion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from the central channel of MCM double hexamers, allowing the two CMG helicases to pass each other; however,...

Ensemble Kalman-guided model predictive path integral control for spatially localized suppression of extremes in chaotic geophysical flows

Abstract. The possibility of influencing extreme weather phenomena has been discussed for decades; however, it remains far from operational practice, and there is still no established framework for designing small, spatially localized perturbations that can reliably steer chaotic...

A Bayesian Approach to Nuclear Spin Relaxation Phenomena in Topological Kondo Insulator SmB 6

In studies of the promising topological Kondo insulator (TKI) candidate SmB 6 , nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the spin–lattice relaxation rate, 1/T 1 , have provided crucial insights into this compound: for example, the unique opening of a small hybridization g...

Development of modelling approach to estimate mangrove carbon stock in Southern Thailand

Blue carbon ecosystems, particularly mangrove forests, are vital for mitigating carbon emissions and strengthening institutional responses to climate change. Estimating mangrove carbon stocks is essential to understanding their contribution to climate change mitigation. However,...

Microstructure and mechanical properties of HCP-structured IrRhRuReFe high-entropy alloys

Hexagonal close-packed (HCP) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) based on platinum-group metals (PGMs) are promising candidates for extreme-temperature applications, but the links between solidification-induced chemical heterogeneity and high-temperature deformation kinetics remain insuff...

Hydrothermally Grown NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide on Hastelloy Fiber Paper for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Anion-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Abstract Hastelloy fiber paper (HAP) exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and structural robustness; however, its application as a porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolysis systems remains relatively underexplored. In this study, a highly act...

Development of the nasal capsule in Emydura subglobosa (Testudines: Pleurodira) with a comparison to other turtles

Abstract Extant turtles occupy freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats, and their nasal region provides important evidence for the evolution of respiration‐ and sensory‐related cranial morphology. However, developmental data on the turtle nasal capsule remain limited, partic...

Baseline Eating Behaviors and Responsiveness to TelePhysio in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Exploratory Secondary Analysis of the TelePhysioT2D Trial

Background/Objectives: Telerehabilitation for physiotherapy programs (TelePhysio) has been shown to improve knee extension force (KEF) in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but factors associated with responsiveness remain unclear. This exploratory secondary ana...

Grass Expression Atlas: an RNA-seq-based expression resource for grass species

Abstract Grass Expression Atlas (GExA) is an interactive web-based resource for rapid exploration of gene expression across diverse tissues, developmental stages, and conditions in grass species. GExA integrates publicly available RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets for four millet...

Sleep-stage dynamics predict current sleep-disordered breathing and future cardiovascular risk

ABSTRACT Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and disrupts both the macrostructure and dynamics of sleep stages (W, N1, N2, N3, REM). While specific alterations in sleep macrostructure, such as reduced durations of N3 and REM, have b...

GH172 Difructose Dianhydride I Synthase: A Two‐Stepped Journey via Glycosylation and Cyclization Using QM/MM Metadynamics

ABSTRACT The difructose dianhydride I synthase/hydrolase catalyzes the reversible transformation of inulobiose into difructose dianhydride I, a component of caramel. The proposed reaction mechanism of such a transformation consists of a glycosylation step followed by a cyclizatio...

Computed Tomography Reconstruction Algorithm Using Markov Random Field Model

X-ray computed tomography (CT) reveals the materials’ internal structures non-destructively from a tilt series of projected images. Filtered back projection (FBP) is a widely-adopted reconstruction algorithm in CT owing to its small computational cost. Under low-dose or sparse-vi...