The University of Tokyo

Self-Catalyzed Hastelloy Fiber Paper (HAP) Porous Transport Layer for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Abstract Hastelloy fiber paper (HAP) can be used as the oxygen evolution reaction porous transport layer (PTL) without using a catalyst layer in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. It is combined with Ru on nickel fiber paper (NFP) (hydrogen evolution reaction PTL) to for...

Validation of the International Working Group 2023 response criteria for higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms using the International Consortium for Myelodysplastic Syndromes VALIDATE database and a randomized phase III trial

Response assessment criteria in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (HR-MDS) have been updated in the 2023 International Working Group (IWG) criteria. However, validation of these criteria has been limited to date. We analyzed overall survival (OS) by be...

State-Constrained SHAP Distills Polymer Property Models into Transferable Structural Rules for Fixed-Interval Screening

Abstract Polymer informatics has accelerated data-driven prediction of polymer properties, yet accurate prediction does not directly enable discovery. Here, we introduce state-constrained SHAP (SC-SHAP), an attribution-to-rule distillation framework for fixed-interval polymer scr...

pdb2reaction : End-to-End Reaction-Path Elucidation from PDB Structures Using Machine-Learning Interatomic Potentials

Abstract Elucidating enzymatic reaction mechanisms requires a sequence of computational tasks comprising active-site extraction, minimum-energy-path search, transition-state (TS) refinement, intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) validation, and quasi-rigid-rotor harmonic-oscillator...

Resolution Dependence in a Global Atmospheric Simulation From km to 220 m Grid Spacing

Abstract We conducted a 220‐m mesh simulation over the global domain with realistic topography. This can be called a first “global large‐eddy simulation” (GLES) for deep convection. The resolution dependence across km‐ to sub‐km scales and sensitivity to turbulence schemes are in...

Structural and Mechanistic Basis of Bacterial 2-Methyl-ACC Synthases

Abstract Cyclopropane-containing amino acids are found in diverse natural products and contribute to their structural complexity and biological activity. However, the distribution of bacterial biosynthetic pathways that produce methylated cyclopropane amino acids and the structur...

Treatment Outcomes for Gastric Cancer With Positive Peritoneal Lavage Cytology or Localized Peritoneal Metastasis

Importance In the era of modern systemic chemotherapy, the optimal treatment strategy for gastric cancer with positive peritoneal lavage cytology (CY1) and/or localized peritoneal metastasis (P1a) remains controversial. Objective To explore the optimal treatment strategy for pati...

RBD-down stabilization of SARS-CoV-2 spike enhances cross-neutralizing antibody responses by redirecting immunodominance toward conserved epitopes

The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has enabled partial escape from neutralizing antibodies, necessitating frequent updates of vaccine antigens. These observations motivate vaccine strategies that can redirect antibody responses toward conserved regions of the spike (...

Multiscale Analysis on Seismic Response of Underground RC Structure with Uniformly Corroded Sidewall: Effect of Strengthening Using Various Methods

This study numerically investigates the seismic response of corroded underground reinforced concrete (RC) culverts strengthened using various methods. A multiscale model for corrosion and seismic analysis, accounting for strengthening effects, was first validated through quasi-st...

Novel noninvasive technique for liver fibrosis evaluation using spatiotemporal analysis of strain elastography

Strain elastography is often limited by its relative nature and failure to capture temporal changes. This study aimed to establish a novel quantitative strain index (Q-SI) integrating spatiotemporal analysis and evaluate its utility for assessing liver fibrosis. This prospective...

Automated quantification of spinal axis distortion for behavioral assessment after spinal cord injury in mice

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes persistent locomotor deficits that are commonly evaluated in mouse SCI models using observational scoring systems such as the Basso Mouse Scale, which primarily assesses hindlimb function. Here, we established an automated behavioral analysis pipel...

Motor Imagery of Yips-Affected Pitching Enhances Corticospinal Excitability in Baseball Players with Yips

Purpose: Yips is a psycho-neuromuscular impediment disrupting the execution of sports skills. It remains unclear how the modulation of descending motor pathway activity differs between conditions with and without yips symptoms. This is attributable to (1) the difficulty in elicit...

UAV-based super-resolution instance segmentation enables ecological monitoring of sea cucumbers in shallow coral reef habitats

Accurate monitoring of sea cucumbers from UAV imagery remains challenging because submerged individuals often exhibit low contrast, camouflage against coral-rubble backgrounds, and weak boundary information under water-surface disturbance. In particular, key visual cues such as b...

Pressure-Gated Ionic Contact in Multilayered Nanomeshes Enables Strain-Insensitive Pressure Sensing

Abstract Soft robotic grippers require tactile interfaces that selectively detect contact pressure at the object–gripper interface without strain-induced artifacts from gripper deformation. Here, we report an ultrathin pressure-gated ionic-contact (PGIC) sensor for multidirection...

Interplay Between Standard Quantum Detailed Balance and Thermodynamically Consistent Entropy Production

Abstract We demonstrate that, for a quantum Markovian semigroup on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, if it satisfies the standard quantum detailed balance condition, its generator admits a special representation that yields a vanishing entropy production rate. Conversely, if th...

Framework nanoarchitectonics of fullerene-derived catalyst

In this review article, we examine the significance of developing catalysts via nanoarchitectonics by focusing on fullerenes as the primary material and frameworks as the nanoscale structural motif. Nanoscale frameworks such as C 60 , MOFs, and 2D carbon networks enable a precise...

First-Principles Calculations of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Energy in Disordered Alloys Using Wannier-based Coherent Potential Approximation

We present a method for calculating the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of disordered alloys using Green’s functions constructed from Wannier Hamiltonians within the coherent potential approximation (Wannier-CPA). The MAE of a disordered alloy system is obtained from t...

Complex Upper-Mantle Anisotropy Beneath the Pacific Triangle Revealed by Shear-Wave Splitting

Abstract Understanding mantle flow beneath old oceanic plates is essential for linking present-day plate motions with long-term lithospheric evolution, yet direct constraints remain sparse due to limited offshore observations. Here, we investigate upper-mantle seismic anisotropy...

High-resolution operando CO2 analysis of oxygen-dependent carbon corrosion in PEMFC cathodes

Carbon corrosion is a critical degradation mechanism in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and proceeds not only during startup/shutdown but also under normal operation. However, its underlying mechanisms, particularly the influence of oxygen, remain insufficiently unde...

Construction of signed distance functions through an elliptic equation

Motivated by recent advances in structural optimization, we propose a novel method for constructing the distance function to the boundary of a given domain. Building on and extending the celebrated Varadhan asymptotic theory, our approach reformulates the governing equation into...