Johns Hopkins Medicine

Exploring the Potential of Parent Report for Autism/Developmental Screening at the 18-Month Visit

PURPOSE: To develop optimal algorithms of parent-administered items to improve the detection of autism and other developmental disorders at the 18-month visit. METHODS: at scheduled 18-month pediatric visits via an online system. Ninety-six children with positive screens and 314...

“At Some Point, You Have to Cut the Cord”: Physician Perceptions of NICU-to-PICU Transfers

OBJECTIVE: Patients undergoing nonemergent neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to pediatric ICU (PICU) transfer in the United States have complex medical needs and high relative mortality, but there are no best practices guiding these transfers. This qualitative study was designe...

Brain Penetrant Calcium Channel Blockers Were Not Associated With Reduced Alcohol Consumption: Converging Results From Two Large Independent Cohort Studies Using Electronic Health Records

ABSTRACT Purpose Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a major public health problem, with few effective treatments. L‐type calcium channel blockers (LTCCBs) have genetic and preclinical support as potential treatments for AUD. Methods We evaluated whether brain penetrant (BP)‐LTCCB...

Administration of a phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor reduces hippocampal neuronal cell death after global cerebral ischemia

Abstract Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) causes widespread neuronal injury, with hippocampal neurons being particularly vulnerable. This study examined whether post-GCI treatment with amlexanox (AMX), a phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) inhibitor, reduces hippocampal neurodegeneration...

Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of Keap1 dampens the pro-fibrotic program in human hepatic stellate cells

Abstract The increasing prevalence of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) is a global health concern. CLDs can cause fibrosis, and there is an urgent need for antifibrotic agents. The primary driver of fibrogenesis, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), activates hepatic stellate...

Allocation of TSPO-PET signals to cellular and extracellular compartments in dependence of blood-brain barrier disruption in experimental glioblastoma

BACKGROUND: Translocator protein (TSPO)-PET imaging facilitates monitoring of glioblastoma in preclinical models and patients. However, specificity of TSPO-PET signals remains to be investigated. In this study, we aimed to decipher exact contributions of cellular and extracellula...

Community priorities for programs using HIV molecular epidemiology: A best-worst scaling

Background: HIV molecular epidemiology (HIV-ME) uses genetic sequencing to study viral evolution, detect transmission clusters, and guide public health responses. Ethical, legal, and social implications of HIV-ME have been raised, yet quantitative evidence on community perspectiv...

PFKFB2 Gates a Relationship Between Cardiac Glycolytic Regulation and Electrophysiological Function

Abstract Background The cardiac isoform of phosphofructokinase-2/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB2) is the heart’s strongest glycolytic regulator but is degraded in the absence of insulin signaling. This makes PFKFB2 loss critical to understand in metabolic heart disease, of wh...

Carbon starvation of Mycobacterium abscessus induces a non-replicating state with extensive proteomic remodeling

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium abscessus ( Mab ) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause chronic, debilitating lung disease. Mab is intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics, making Mab infections challenging to manage and frequently incurable. During infection, Mab adapts to survi...

A case for expanding access to minimally invasive and uterine-preserving surgery in complex fibroid disease

McMurray et al. (2026) recently published a retrospective analysis of 550 patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy for uterine fibroids at a single specialist centre. The authors found that pati...

Targeting RAS for Pancreatic Cancer Interception

Multiple strategies to target RAS are now available to treat pancreatic cancer. As pancreatic precancers also have KRAS mutations, these tools hold great promise for cancer interception.

Engineering Intelligent iPSC Biomanufacturing: Integrating Robotic Automation, AI, and Process Control

Scalable manufacturing of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is increasingly critical for regenerative medicine, high‐throughput drug discovery and screening, and advanced organ‐on‐chip systems and organoid models. However, conventional manual culture remains labor‐inte...

Between Hope and Harm: A Reflective Social Work Commentary in Pediatric Transplant Care

Pediatric healthcare depends on close collaboration among physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, child life specialists, therapists, interpreters, and transplant professionals. This reflect...

Oxygenation and perfusion in large vessel occlusion stroke: rethinking periprocedural management in the endovascular era

Acute ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. In patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO), endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has revolutionized care by achieving high rates of vessel recanalization. However, successful reperfusion does...

Multicenter dataset describing emotional intelligence and counseling self-efficacy among clinical pastoral education students in healthcare settings

Emotional intelligence (EI) and counseling self-efficacy (CSE) are widely regarded as core professional competencies for healthcare chaplains. However, evidence on whether Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) effectively develops these capacities remains limited. The parent study ge...

Influence of gut microbiota on immune responses and protection in volunteers receiving the live attenuated oral ETEC vaccine ACE527 followed by virulent ETEC H10407 challenge

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remains a major cause of diarrheal morbidity with no licensed vaccines. Role of gut microbiota in vaccine immunogenicity and protection was investigated using 16 S rRNA sequencing from the stool samples of 27 volunteers receiving two doses...

Plain language review: non-invasive screening for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in primary care

Plain Language SummaryWhat is this summary about?Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD, and its severe form, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis, or MASH, impose significant global burdens on patients and healthcare systems. It is importa...

Insights into the Datasets, Tools, and Training Needs of the AnVIL Community: 2024

Background The NHGRI Genomic Data Science Analysis, Visualization, and Informatics Lab-space (AnVIL) provides a secure cloud-based environment where research and education communities can analyze genomic and biomedical data. The platform supports a wide range of data analysis as...

Validating and creating a short-form of the persisting effects questionnaire: A measure of positive and negative outcomes from psychedelic experiences

BACKGROUND: The persisting effects questionnaire (PEQ) is a measure of self-reported positive and negative effects from psychedelic and other experiences. While this measure has been used in many studies on psychedelic substances, the scale has not been formally validated. The PE...

Optical Diffraction Tomography and Interpretable Machine Learning Reveal Biophysical Signatures of Gametocyte-Stage Malaria in Red Blood Cells

Abstract Accurate, stage-specific diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection is critical for clinical management and transmission control of malaria. Current diagnostic tools, including Giemsa-stained microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are constrained by their relian...