Imperial College London

Parabens and estrogen-mediated cancers: unraveling coincidence, co-occurrence, and causality

Abstract Paraben esters are endocrine disruptors linked to breast cancer, yet their role in other estrogen-mediated cancers remains limited. Preclinical evidence suggests that parabens accumulate in tissues and may promote carcinogenesis, while clinical data indicate widespread e...

High‐Temperature Alloys in Aeroengines: Damage and Fracture Insights From Micromechanical Modeling

ABSTRACT High‐temperature alloys are the cornerstone of aeroengine hot‐section components, where extreme thermomechanical conditions give rise to intricate damage and fracture behaviors that critically limit the structural integrity of whole aeroengines. Generally, Ni‐based super...

U-Net-based hybrid framework for accelerating deterministic rough-surface mixed lubrication simulations

Abstract Despite significant advances in deterministic mixed lubrication modelling, the computational complexity of these simulations remains prohibitive, limiting their practical use in rapid analysis and design optimisation. This study addresses this bottleneck by developing a...

Engagement in women’s health: a history

In parts of the world, patient and public involvement has become an essential part of health and research. In women’s health and research, there is a chronic lack of participation and inclusion of women throughout the research pathway. At the same time, the gender gap and bias in...

22 Quality of life and services use in patients diagnosed with brain tumours: data from a national cancer survivorship study

Abstract Introduction About 13,000 new patients are diagnosed annually with a primary brain tumour in the UK and less than 20% of patients survive 10 years post-diagnosis. Patient-Reported Outcomes and Experiences (PROMs & PREMs) are largely used in clinical trials that recruit f...

A Review of Artificial Intelligence in Composite Finite Element Impact Damage Modelling: A Five-Role Lifecycle Framework

Abstract Finite Element (FE) simulation of impact damage in fibre-reinforced composite laminates is constrained by high computational cost, many difficult-to-calibrate material parameters and the absence of experimental evidence for different composite structures. Artificial Inte...

A liquid handling platform for standardised quantification of cell-free enzymatic activity encoded by antimicrobial resistance genes

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global threat to human health, and rapid methods for characterising emerging antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are needed. Here, we develop a semi-automated workflow using cell-free gene expression (CFE) systems to measure...

Wilson Sibbett

Abstract Wilson Sibbett was internationally recognized for his groundbreaking work in ultrafast laser science, in the generation of novel picosecond and femtosecond pulse sources, their application and for the development of pulse measurement techniques allowing direct, real-time...

Plasma proteomes of obesity and allometric body shapes in the EPIC cohort

Abstract General obesity (high body mass index, BMI) affects circulating proteins. Obesity-related outcomes, however, differ by body shape but waist and hip circumferences cannot distinguish abdominal from general obesity. We therefore used the allometric body shape index (ABSI),...

AutoEmulate: A PyTorch tool for end-to-end emulation workflows

Computational simulations lie at the heart of modern science and engineering, but they are often slow and computationally costly. A common solution is to use emulators: fast, cheap models trained to approximate the simulator. However, constructing these requires substantial exper...

A Modular Variable Stiffness Co‐Bot System Achieving Tasks Flexibility and Contact Compliance

ABSTRACT Enhancing contact compliance and task flexibility is essential for expanding the real‐world use of robotic systems. This paper presents a modular collaborative robot system that combines antagonistic actuation with hybrid soft–rigid variable‐stiffness components, includi...

Forecasting COVID-19 cases in US states using reconstructed incidence data

Abstract Branching process models are commonly used in infectious disease forecasting and often rely on daily incidence data, but their utility can be restricted if incidence is not reported daily or if reporting becomes less frequent during prolonged outbreaks. In this study, an...

Radiocarbon in atmospheric CH 4 and CO 2 at Jungfraujoch in 2019–2024: influence of regional nuclear emissions and current global atmospheric 14 CH 4 signal

Abstract. Radiocarbon (14C) is a valuable tracer to determine the relative fossil fractions of emitted carbonaceous greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and CH4. While atmospheric ∆14CO2 measurements have been conducted at multiple sites for several decades, ∆14CH4 measurements remain m...

Thermoregulatory and plasma neurobiomarker responses to heat tolerance assessment in exertional heat illness and matched controls

Abstract Exercise in the heat and elevated tissue temperature are associated with neuronal stress and changes in blood–brain barrier (BBB) function. More severe thermal insult may manifest as exertional heat illness (EHI) and complication by central nervous system (CNS) dysfuncti...

Integration of lipidomic and polygenic risk scores within contemporary clinical cardiovascular risk assessment pathways: a multi-cohort development and validation study

Background Guideline-recommended clinical risk scores such as AusCVDRisk underestimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a substantial proportion of individuals who later experience events, with up to 65% initially classified as low or intermediate risk. This limitation is mos...

Locating Moonquakes With Single‐Station Seismology

Abstract Renewed international interest in lunar seismometer deployments requires robust single‐station location approach for the highly scattering Moon's crust. We present an event‐location strategy using major lunar event types recorded by the Apollo seismic network. Frequency‐...

Characteristic-Vector Congruences for Weak Primary Pseudoperfect and Giuga numbers

Let $\mu\in\{-1,1\}$, and suppose that an integer $n>1$ satisfies \[a:=\frac{\mu}{n}+\sum_{p\mid n}\frac1p\in\mathbb Z.\] Writing $r=\omega(n)$ for the number of distinct prime divisors of $n$, we associate to $(n,a,\mu)$ an integral unimodular star lattice of determinant $\mu$ a...

Phase-matching-free sensing with undetected light using a nonlinear thin-film metasurface

Abstract In this article, we report classical sensing with undetected light at a wavelength of 1500 nm, detected on a silicon camera at 580 nm, using four-wave mixing from a plasmonic metasurface. The bidirectional nonlinear scattering due to inherent reflections from such thin n...

Evaluating the Stability of Oxide‐Derived Cu─Sn Catalysts for CO 2 Reduction in Zero‐Gap Electrolyzers

ABSTRACT Bimetallic electrocatalysts hold substantial potential for scaling up CO 2 electroreduction, yet their practical deployment is hindered by a persistent gap between conventional three‐electrode testing and industrially relevant electrolyzer conditions. In this study, we e...

“Thin Adoption” and Hidden Costs of OpenBIM Interoperability: Mixed-Methods Study in China’s Construction Industry

Abstract Building information modeling (BIM) is a collaborative process for creating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of facilities, central to the digital transformation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) indus...