Institution
Imperial College London
Recent research
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Abstract Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are widely used in high-rise and long-span structures due to their high strength, stiffness, and ductility. However, conventional CFST column–reinforced concrete (RC) beam connections usually involve complex detailing, column...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
ABSTRACT Scientific optimization problems are often characterized by slow, expensive, and non‐differentiable evaluations, which severely limit efficient exploration of rich design spaces. In these settings, performance depends not only on the optimizer itself, but also on whether...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
A longitudinal Bayesian framework for estimating causal dose-response relationships
Existing causal methods for time-varying exposure and time-varying confounding focus on estimating the average causal effect of a time-varying binary treatment on an end-of-study outcome, offering limited tools for characterizing marginal causal dose-response relationships under...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Are collapsible bicycle helmets as protective against head injuries as conventional designs?
Collapsible bicycle helmets address portability as a barrier to helmet use, particularly for bicycle share scheme users, but whether they provide equivalent protection to conventional helmets is unknown. We determined whether head injury risk differs between designs and whether a...
- Health & Medicine
Abstract Bilateral reduction or absence of upper‐limb movement in a newborn infant is a rare but critical presentation that cannot be anchored on the unilateral paradigm of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI). Bilaterality substantially widens the differential to include cervical...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Cross border consequences of responses to climate change: Risks and opportunities
Losses and damages from the impacts of climate change are already reshaping economic development pathways. However, so too are mitigation and adaptation actions taken in response to climate change. As countries implement climate policies with increasing ambition and scale, cross-...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract Urban and economic expansion across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) may be shifting the relative contributions of dominant ambient air pollution sources, influencing both pollutant concentrations and composition, along with their associated health risks. However, city-scale dat...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Abstract Purpose Benign anorectal diseases, including haemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistulae, and pruritus ani, are common causes of morbidity with variable treatment outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that microbial factors may contribute to disease pathophysiology and hea...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
Abstract X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful technique to gain insight into the chemical properties of oxide surfaces. However, the interpretation of XPS spectra is notoriously difficult as realistic surfaces contain different terminations, reconstructions, adsor...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSB) are a potential new class of vector control tool that act through an “attract and kill” mechanism on mosquitoes. We conducted a meta-analysis using data from three large-scale Phase III trials of the Westham Sarabi v1.2 ATSB (0.11% dinotefur...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Global spread and evolutionary trajectories of HIV-1 CRF01_AE: Insights from phylogenetic analysis
HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE has driven major HIV epidemics across Southeast and East Asia for decades, yet the mechanisms underlying its long-term regional spread remain poorly resolved. Using near-complete genome sequences and Bayesian phylogeographic reconstr...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
ABSTRACT Preventive treatment (chemoprevention) is a key intervention for reducing the burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. The impact of the current widely used drug combination, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine (SP-AQ), is challenged by emerging drug resist...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Post-cycle therapy after androgen abuse: what are we seeking to achieve?
Abstract Despite limited evidence supporting its efficacy, the use of post-cycle therapy (PCT) is widespread amongst men following cessation of androgen abuse. The proposed rationale for PCT is to accelerate recovery of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis function following...
- Health & Medicine
Surgical Artificial Intelligence Innovation Trends and Regulatory Insights
Objective: To characterise the landscape of surgical artificial intelligence (AI) devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Background: AI has the potential to improve surgical pathways, offering capability across screening, diagnosis, decision support, and i...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
FluSurvey is a participatory surveillance system used to monitor trends in influenza and other respiratory viruses through weekly symptom surveys among the UK population. We aimed to characterise the wider impact of “influenza-like illnesses” (ILI) among FluSurvey participants an...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Background Tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) is a core component of TB control. Levofloxacin was recently recommended by the World Health Organization as TPT in children exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, the affordability and feasibility of...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Linearization-Based Feedback Stabilization of McKean−Vlasov PDEs
Abstract. We develop a feedback control framework for stabilizing the McKean–Vlasov PDE on the torus. Our goal is to steer the dynamics toward a prescribed stationary distribution or accelerate convergence to it using a time-dependent control potential. We reformulate the control...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Multi-species McKean–Vlasov dynamics in non-convex landscapes
Abstract In this paper, we study multi-species stochastic interacting particle systems and their mean-field McKean–Vlasov partial differential equations (PDEs) in non-convex landscapes. Under general assumptions on non-convex confining and interaction potentials with polynomial g...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Age-Specific Ultrasound Reference Data for the Laterolateral Rectal Diameter in Healthy Children
Background: Transabdominal ultrasonographic measurement of rectal diameter is increasingly used as a non-invasive adjunct for assessing rectal distension and fecal loading in children. However, interpretation is limited by the lack of age-stratified reference data in pediatric po...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Retrofitting language models to operate over bytes
Abstract Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have largely been driven by large language models, deep neural networks that operate over discrete units called tokens. To represent text, most large language models use words or word fragments as the tokens, known as subwo...