Imperial College London

Phase Transitions for Interacting Particle Systems on Random Graphs

Abstract. In this paper, we study weakly interacting diffusion processes on random graphs. Our main focus is on the properties of the mean-field limit and, in particular, on the nonuniqueness and bifurcation structure of stationary states. By extending classical bifurcation analy...

OligoSeq: Rapid nanopore-sequencing of single-stranded oligonucleotides

Nanopore-based DNA sequencing technology has achieved remarkable success in sequencing increasingly long DNA strands (e.g. over a million nucleotides long) for genomics research and biotechnology applications. However, the same level of progress has not been achieved for DNA olig...

Activation of transposable elements is linked to a region- and cell type–specific interferon response in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving a neuroinflammatory response, the cause of which remains unclear. Transposable elements (TE) have been linked to inflammation, but their potential role in PD remains unexplored. Using bulk- and single-nuc...

Interfacial Electronic Regulation of GO/Na0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9 Aurivillius-Layered Perovskite Heterointerfaces for Enhanced Photocatalysis

Constructing heterointerfaces between semiconductor photocatalysts and carbonaceous materials is an effective strategy for enhancing photocatalytic performance. However, the role of graphene oxide (GO) in modulating the interfacial electronic properties of Aurivillius-layered per...

Population genomics, resistome and plasmidome of invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in adults hospitalised in Johannesburg, South Africa

Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPn) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections in adults in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted laboratory-based surveillance between 2023 and 2024 in Johannesburg, South Africa, and analysed 508 KPn whole genomes isolated f...

Enhancing nasal irrigation adherence through a multimodal health communication strategy: a phased improvement study

Abstract The adherence of chronic rhinitis patients to self-administered treatments is generally very low, which often presents a significant challenge in healthcare. The adherence of chronic rhinitis patients to regular nasal irrigation hygiene care is even lower. Therefore, in...

Data distribution impacts the performance and generalisability of contrastive learning-based foundation models of electrocardiograms

Contrastive learning is a widely adopted self-supervised pretraining strategy, yet its dependence on cohort composition remains underexplored. We present Contrasting by Augmented Patient Electrocardiograms (CAPE) foundation model and pretrain on four cohorts (n = 5,203,269), from...

Assessing renewable energy penetration in the libyan power sector

Growing pressure on policymakers to protect the environmental from harmful gases released as a result of using fossil-fuel-based electricity generation lead to transition toward renewable energy systems. This study investigates the market conditions required to enable such a tran...

Human cortical networks trade communication efficiency for computational reliability

Brains are often described as cost-efficient communication networks, optimally balancing the cost of long connections with the benefits of fast communication. Here, inspired by the "use it or lose it" principle, we present a novel game-theoretic model of self-organizing neural un...

Covalent linkage of the papillomavirus E2 DNA-binding domain reveals a soluble amyloid-like assembly pathway

Abstract Early soluble intermediates in amyloid formation are difficult to characterize because they are transient and obscured by competing insoluble aggregation. Here, we use scE2C, an engineered covalently linked version of the HPV16 E2 DNA-binding dimer, as a tractable model...

Benchmarking UK Lynch syndrome colonoscopy surveillance: quality metrics and diagnostic yield from the National Endoscopy Database

Abstract Colonoscopy quality and diagnostic outcomes in Lynch syndrome have historically been heterogeneous. Following the introduction of the Lynch syndrome Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP), we assessed colonoscopy quality and diagnostic yield in Lynch syndrome using the...

Kidney transplantation in older people (KTOP): a longitudinal, qualitative study of kidney transplant experiences in older, frail adults

Abstract Background Transplantation rates are increasing in those who are older and frail, driven by an aging dialysis population. This longitudinal, qualitative study explores how older adults navigate the journey from dialysis to transplantation and how frailty is experienced a...

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) for Children for the Prevention of Influenza Illness in Sweden: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Both inactivated influenza vaccine and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) (indicated for use in children aged 2–17 years) effectively prevent influenza transmission and related outcomes. Despite high transmission among children, vaccination practices in Sweden focus primari...

Navigating regulatory fragmentation in the convergence of synthetic biology, artificial intelligence, and automation

The convergence of synthetic biology, artificial intelligence (AI), and automation (SynBioxAI) creates research activities that simultaneously engage biosecurity, AI governance, export control, and data sovereignty frameworks – none of which are designed for convergent science. W...

How Do Climatic Factors Directly Influence the Incidence and Risk of Meningococcal Meningitis Across the African Meningitis Belt? A Narrative Literature Review

Abstract Globally, the highest incidence of meningococcal meningitis occurs within the African meningitis belt, spanning 26 countries across sub‐Saharan Africa. Meningococcal meningitis incidence is highly seasonal in this region specifically, with outbreaks mostly occurring duri...

Risks of adverse respiratory outcomes in adults with cancer over the course of survivorship compared with cancer-free individuals: a matched cohort study using linked English electronic health records

Background We aimed to compare the risks of developing new chronic respiratory conditions, or exacerbating existing ones in survivors of 20 common cancers vs. cancer-free individuals. Methods We conducted a population-based matched cohort study using English electronic primary ca...

Milvexian with Antiplatelet Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome Event

BackgroundPatients are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events after an acute coronary syndrome event. Milvexian, an oral factor XIa inhibitor, may reduce the risk of major adverse clinical events with minimal bleeding risk. MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized, placebo-con...

Estimating the environmental impact of an HPC job – tools and challenges

Researchers and research funders are increasingly interested in understanding the environmental impacts of computational research, including impacts through both energy-intensive computations and the production and disposal of specialised computing hardware. However, these impact...

Dual-Targeted Therapy in Refractory Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Focused Systematic Review of Convergent Pathway Targeting

Refractory pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) may persist despite corticosteroids, ciclosporin, biologics or sequential treatment escalation. Dual-targeted therapy (DTT) is increasingly used in medically complex inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but PG is often recorded only as an extrain...

The role of Mediterranean diet adherence, smoking and their interactions in epigenetic age acceleration: A cross-sectional analysis of the Airwave cohort

ABSTRACT Background Epigenetic clocks are markers of biological aging that may vary in their sensitivity to environmental stressors and lifestyle modifiers. To evaluate the utility of these biomarkers as sensors of the human exposome, we investigated how they respond to two power...