Emory University

Influence of Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS) Genetic Testing Results on Mastectomy Choice in Lumpectomy-Eligible Patients

Abstract Purpose Our objective was to evaluate whether having a germline variant of uncertain significance (VUS) influenced the decision to undergo bilateral mastectomy (BLMast) among lumpectomy-eligible patients with unilateral breast cancer. Methods This retrospective cohort st...

Residential indoor air monitoring to assess long-term exposure to air pollution in susceptible populations for epidemiology: overview and early findings

While there has been accumulating evidence of the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and various health endpoints, most epidemiological studies relied on ambient air pollution which showed substantial deviation from indoor. This difference could lead to biase...

Virologic, Lipid, Renal and Hepatic Laboratory Outcomes After Switching to Doravirine/Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Treatment-Experienced People with HIV: Real-World Evidence from the SHINe-SHIC Cohort

Background/Objectives: Doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DOR/3TC/TDF) is used as a switch regimen in treatment-experienced people with HIV (PWH), particularly when simplification, lipid improvement, or avoidance of interaction-prone regimens is needed. We evalu...

An Fc receptor and IgA functional signature identifies TB disease in children living with HIV

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children living with HIV (CLHIV). TB disease is difficult to detect with current clinical microbiological, immunological, and radiographic tools. Serological assays that determine levels of...

Prioritizing Global Health Education in Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowships: An Applicant Survey

Abstract Background Global Health (GH) is expanding, offering an increasing number of opportunities for engagement to trainees in medical schools and residency programs. This expansion of opportunities has not yet reached those at the fellowship level, particularly in Critical Ca...

From policy to practice: overcoming barriers to harm reduction vending machine deployment

Drug overdose deaths remain a leading cause of mortality in the U.S., largely driven by a drug supply frequently contaminated with fentanyl. Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) provide low-barrier access to naloxone and fentanyl testing strips (FTS). However, legacy state law...

Global Variation in Fusion Assessment Practices Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Study DesignCross-sectional survey.ObjectivesTo characterize global variation in imaging modalities, fusion criteria, and decision-making practices for assessing fusion following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).MethodsA modified 30-item survey using Delphi-informed...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

A multi-site benchmarking framework for scalable extraction of geriatric care constructs from electronic health records

Current Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms for detecting geriatric conditions are largely limited to domain-specific models that fail to capture the interdependent, multidimensional nature of comprehensive geriatric assessment. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a...

Preferred characteristics of long-acting injectable antiretroviral treatment for adolescents with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a qualitative study of key stakeholders

Adolescents with HIV (AHIV) in South Africa experience poor outcomes across the HIV care continuum. Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART) may address key adherence barriers, but its acceptability and feasibility among AHIV remain understudied. As formative quali...

Beyond redlining: Gentrification, displacement, disadvantages, and exclusivity predict urban environmental and health inequities

This study investigated environmental justice by developing and comparing four contemporary urban segregation typologies (persistent exclusivity, persistent disadvantage, recent gentrification, and recent displacement-hosting) with historical Homeowners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) z...

Chemical Editing Reveals Atomic-Level Control of Supramolecular Structure in Self-Assembling Peptides

Abstract Can replacement of single atoms within amino acid sequences redirect peptide self-assembly into different supramolecular structures? To address this question, we investigated a compositionally similar class of bola-amphiphilic peptides that were designed to self-assemble...

Opioid limiting law and opioid prescriptions among Medicaid-enrolled survivors of childhood cancer

Abstract Background Many U.S. states have enacted opioid-limiting laws to curb the opioid epidemic, often capping opioid prescriptions at seven days. How these laws affect opioid prescribing among long-term survivors of childhood cancer remains unclear. Methods Using Medicaid cla...

Performance of the iBox Prognostication System in African American Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background: The iBox is a validated prognostication system that predicts long-term death-censored graft loss in kidney transplant recipients, but its performance in the specific population of African American recipients has not been fully studied. Methods: We conducted a multicen...

Management of Soft Tissue and Visceral Leiomyosarcomas

Importance Leiomyosarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous malignant mesenchymal neoplasm associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Given recent advances in biologic understanding and the complexity of leiomyosarcoma, a consensus-driven approach is needed to harmonize manag...

Associations Between Pre-diagnostic Plasma Metabolites and Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Case-Cohort Analysis in the Cancer Prevention Study-3

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer remains a significant health concern among U.S. women, yet its underlying etiology is not fully understood. Untargeted metabolomics enables comprehensive profiling of small molecules that may provide insight into metabolic alterations associated with ov...

Applying Natural Language Processing to Address Healthcare Bias: Using CARE-SD to Evaluate the Distribution of Stigmatizing Language in Clinical Notes

Electronic health records (EHRs) are a critical medium through which patient stigmatization is perpetuated among healthcare teams. We identified doubt markers and stigmatizing labels in MIMIC-III, a de-identified EHR, via expanded lexicon matching and machine learning classifiers...

The Python simulations of chemistry framework: 10 years of an open-source quantum chemistry project

Over the past decade, the Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework (PySCF) has developed into a widely used open-source platform for electronic-structure theory and quantum chemical method development. This article reviews the major advances since the previous overview in...

Engineering hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to generate red blood cells as viral traps against HIV-1.

. In sum, this work presents a potential strategy for the one-time delivery of CD4-RBC viral traps through autologous transplantation of engineered HSPCs.

Molecular basis and therapeutic potential of sortase A inhibitors as new antibiotics against MDR pathogens

Attaching proteins to the cell surface presents a technical challenge to Gram-positive bacteria. A class of enzymes called sortases solves this challenge by covalently anchoring proteins, including an arsenal of virulence factors, to the cell wall. Most Gram-positive bacteria hav...